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Arguments against entitlement theory
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A Few Good Men is a prime example of obedience-involved situations throughout the entire film. Specifically, it contains great examples of the relationship of obedience and the sense of entitlement. Entitlement tends to logically come hand and hand with a sense of being above most authority figures, resulting in the lack of obedience towards those figures. Stanley Milgram has examples of this trend in his works in “The Perils of Obedience,” where the test subject tends to feel entitlement, mainly from the experiments “teacher” explaining how the experiment depends on them with how far they are willing to go with the experiment (Milgram 79). An additional popular experiment we can effectively compare A Few Good Men to is the Stanford Prison …show more content…
This is greatly frowned upon where in the military respecting a higher officer is strongly enforced. The disrespect and lack of obedience in this situation is logically an effect of Kaffee’s self-entitlement. Milgram may explain Kaffee’s entitlement from a review of his own experiment. He can argue that the subjects in his experiment were established with a sense of entitlement when they are briefed that the success of the experiment depends on them and their choices (Milgram 78). Milgram would connect his subjects with Kaffee by effectively explaining when Kaffee is confronted about his father and in result praised for having such a great man as his father, he takes this as praise of himself from coming from such a family. Logically he adds self-importance to himself resulting in entitlement. In support of Milgram’s claim, the article of “Entitlement Predicts Sexism,” collaborated by Case Western Reserve University, would add the addition of the connection between sexism and entitlement. Studies mentioned by the article would support the opinion that Kaffee not only felt entitled above her but felt as a man he was not required to show her respect (Entitlement Predicts Sexism). Ross and Nisbett, authors of “The Power of Situations,” state that people tend to place more value on the personal traits of a person rather than giving consideration to the …show more content…
While having lunch at Guantanamo Bay, Kaffee directs a question towards Jessup in an informal way compared to military standards. Jessup immediately becomes angered and demands that Kaffee rephrase his question in a more respectable form because he feels entitled to respect due to his many achievements. Zimbardo would start the conversation off with the matter of a man in a uniform. Being put in a uniform and blatantly told that one is above others and can give orders consequently results in entitlement as seen in Zimbardo’s experiment. As the students are given uniforms and put above the prisoners, Jessup is promoted to the head of Guantanamo Bay and is assured that he is above other soldiers on his compound (Zimbardo 118). Zimbardo would effectively emphasize this parallel association and state how they both resulted in entitlement to command freely what they wanted to command. Nisbett and Ross would agree and logically focus on an additional parallel of the change of environment of the two examples. The students went from a mainly submissive state as a student to professors and then were jumped to a position of such authority and command over the “prisoners.” Likewise, Jessup went from an under ranking officer to the a major commander in the military with lesser officers suddenly at his exposal. Ivan Boszormenyi-Nagy, M.D. is a psychiatrist that states, “Entitlement resembles a right, something
A social institution can shape individual behaviors because it can get someone used to having their life controlled daily. If someone’s actions are controlled and limited daily, they will get used to it and will seek to continue being controlled. For example, if one is used to receiving orders they will continue following through with the orders because that is what they were trained to do. In the article, “Anybody’s Son Will Do”, Dyer describes ways total institutions shape individual behaviors by explaining the method marines use to recruit new soldiers for war. When joining the marines, the methods marines use to shape the behavior of civilians begins at Parris Island when the civilians are intentionally picked up late in the day to ensure that when they arrive at Parris Island, they are tired enough to receive shock treatment. After their arrival at Parris Island, the civilians are not allowed to step outside the controlled environment until they graduate
In "The Perils of Obedience," Stanley Milgram conducted a study that tests the conflict between obedience to authority and one's own conscience. Through the experiments, Milgram discovered that the majority of people would go against their own decisions of right and wrong to appease the requests of an authority figure.
Downey’s reliance on Dawson exploits his readiness to blindly obey superiors’ orders due to Downey’s incapability to compose a rational decision for himself. Fromm logically analyzes the way in which the characteristic of trust influences a person’s actions when unjust orders are demanded of them (Fromm 127). Moreover, Fromm discusses his belief that in order for one to disobey, one must possess the boldness to individually err from what is demanded; however, boldness is a quality that Downey appears to lack (127). Utilizing personal examples, Fromm’s work also displays how Downey’s trust stems from the sensation of safety provided by Dawson. Dawson is perceived as a role model to Downey, which Fromm would effectively support due to his idea that a dependent individual feels “safe and protected” under an authority, even though Dawson’s commands are unjust (Fromm 127). Psychologist Stanley C. Loewen would agree with Fromm by fairly examining the negative aspects that unjust role models present to their loyal followers. Loewen believes the issue with role models is “one ends up losing their own sense of self and their own identity” due to their submissive trust to a superior (Loewen). Similarly, Dalrymple would likely coincide with Fromm’s ideas that Downey’s blind
Obedience is when you do something you have been asked or ordered to do by someone in authority. As little kids we are taught to follow the rules of authority, weather it is a positive or negative effect. Stanley Milgram, the author of “The perils of Obedience” writes his experiment about how people follow the direction of an authority figure, and how it could be a threat. On the other hand Diana Baumrind article “Review of Stanley Milgram’s experiments on obedience,” is about how Milgram’s experiment was inhumane and how it is not valid. While both authors address how people obey an authority figure, Milgram focuses more on how his experiment was successful while Baumrind seems more concerned more with how Milgram’s experiment was flawed and
In their homosocial environment, there are no specific roles to play, it is an unstable, unspecified environment on which the foundation of dominance is placed to create roles. This lack of roles and desire for patriarchy creates the perfect environment for the boys to enact methods of obtaining dominance. The boys obtain their hierarchy through the “fourth-class” system by abusing and effeminizing the “knob” underclassmen. Their method of obtaining a patriarchal dynamic between all men is very similar to the manner in which the experimental prison guards established dominance in the Stanford experiment in Gladwell’s reading. In this experiment, the volunteers placed as guards were “given uniforms and dark glasses and told that their responsibility was to keep order in the prison” (Gladwell, 157). In a sense, these guards were given a specified role in a new environment, but were not given an explicit method of how to do so. It was entirely up to the guards as to how they would go about enacting their new roles to “maintain order”, or establish dominance in the environment. The only way the guards knew how to obtain such dominance was through violence, for “as the experiment progressed, the guards got systematically cruieler and more sadistic” (Gladwell, 158). By abusing the volunteer prisoners, the guards made them weak
The motion picture A Few Good Men challenges the question of why Marines obey their superiors’ orders without hesitation. The film illustrates a story about two Marines, Lance Corporal Harold W. Dawson and Private First Class Louden Downey charged for the murder of Private First Class William T. Santiago. Lieutenant Daniel Kaffee, who is known to be lackadaisical and originally considers offering a plea bargain in order to curtail Dawson’s and Downey’s sentence, finds himself fighting for the freedom of the Marines; their argument: they simply followed the orders given for a “Code Red”. The question of why people follow any order given has attracted much speculation from the world of psychology. Stanley Milgram, a Yale psychologist, conducted an experiment in which randomly selected students were asked to deliver “shocks” to an unknown subject when he or she answered a question wrong. In his article, “The Perils of Obedience”, Milgram concludes anyone will follow an order with the proviso that it is given by an authoritative figure. Two more psychologists that have been attracted to the question of obedience are Herbert C. Kelman, a professor at Harvard University, and V. Lee Hamilton, a professor at the University of Maryland. In their piece, Kelman and Hamilton discuss the possibilities of why the soldiers of Charlie Company slaughtered innocent old men, women, and children. The Marines from the film obeyed the ordered “Code Red” because of how they were trained, the circumstances that were presented in Guantanamo Bay, and they were simply performing their job.
More specifically, the movie A Few Good Men depicts the results of blindly obeying orders. Stanley Milgram, a Yale psychologist, also explores obedience to authority in his essay “ The Perils of Obedience”. On the other hand, Erich Fromm, a psychoanalyst and philosopher, focused on disobedience to authority in his essay “ Disobedience as a Psychological and Moral Problem.” Milgram wrote about how people were shockingly obedient to authority when they thought they were harming someone else while Fromm dissected both: why people are so prone to obey and how disobedience from authoritative figures can bring beneficial changes for society. Obeying commands, even when they go against our morals, is human nature; Disobeying commands, however, is challenging to do no matter what the situation is.
Authority can only become an issue once the rights of the individual are being impinged, a concept represented in both V for Vendetta and the Stanford Prison Experiment. These two texts, along with the study of the concept of authority and the individual, have expanded my understanding of myself, individuals and the world. It has especially broadened my knowledge on the crossover of the concept, the ability for the individual to have authority and the ability for both sides to be perceived as good or bad and the power of a person’s individuality. “The line between good and evil is permeable and almost anyone can be induced to cross it when pressured by situational forces.”
Obedience has always been a trait present in every aspect of society. Parents have practiced enforcing discipline in their homes where children learn obedience from age one. Instructors have found it difficult to teach a lesson unless their students submit to their authority. Even after the adolescent years, law enforcement officers and governmental officials have expected citizens to uphold the law and abide by the standards set in society. Few will understand, however, that although these requirements for obedience provide positive results for development, there are also dangers to enforcing this important trait. Obedience to authority can be either profitable or perilous depending on who the individual in command is. In the film, The Crucible,
Obedience to authority and willingness to obey an authority against one’s morals has been a topic of debate for decades. Stanley Milgrim, a Yale psychologist, conducted a study in which his subjects were commanded by a person in authority to initiate lethal shocks to a learner; his experiment is discussed in detail in the article “The Perils of Obedience” (Milgrim 77). Milgrim’s studies are said to be the most “influential and controversial studies of modern psychology” (Levine).While the leaner did not actually receive fatal shocks, an actor pretended to be in extreme pain, and 60 percent of the subjects were fully obedient, despite evidence displaying they believed what they were doing was harming another human being (Milgrim 80). Likewise, in Dr. Zimbardo, a professor of psychology at Stanford University, conducted an experiment, explained in his article “The Stanford Prison Experiment,” in which ten guards were required to keep the prisoners from
Even the researchers themselves began to lose sight of the reality of the situation. Zimbardo, who acted as the prison warden, overlooked the abusive behavior of the prison guards until graduate student Christina Maslach voiced objections to the conditions in the simulated prison and the morality of continuing the experiment. "Only a few people were able to resist the situational temptations to yield to power and dominance while maintaining some semblance of morality and decency; obviously I was not among that noble class," Zimbardo later wrote in his book The Lucifer Effect (Zimbardo, 2007). According to Zimbardo and his colleagues, the Stanford Prison Experiment demonstrates the powerful role that the situation can play in human behavior. Because the guards were placed in a position of power, they began to behave in ways they would not normally act in their everyday lives or in other situations. The prisoners, placed in a situation where they had no real control, became passive and
When put into the position of complete authority over others people will show their true colors. I think that most people would like to think that they would be fair, ethical superiors. I know I would, but learning about the Stanford Prison Experiment has made me question what would really happen if I was there. Would I be the submissive prisoner, the sadistic guard, or would I stay true to myself? As Phillip Zimbardo gave the guards their whistles and billy clubs they drastically changed without even realizing it. In order to further understand the Stanford Prison experiment I learned how the experiment was conducted, thought about the ethical quality of this experiment, and why I think it panned out how it did.
The point I’m trying to get out of this is disrespect in the military is a big thing, especially dealing or being disrespectful to a Non Commissioned Officer. Disrespect doesn’t only have to be with Non Commissioned Officers, it can be with Commissioned Officers, Warrant Officers, and Senior Non Commissioned Officers such as (Sergeant First Class, Master Sergeants, Sergeant Majors, and sometimes seasoned Staff Sergeants). It can also be to your peers alike. Treat people how you would like to be treated. As my momma always said “If you don’t got nothing good to say then don’t say anything at
In Brenda Cooper’s article “Chick Flicks,” she argues, the film, Thelma and Louise employs mockery as a narrative tool, and functions to produce a defiant narrative which fiercely confronts and denounces patriarchy. Societal norms are able to create a kind unconscious compliance, resulting in self-imposed coercion and oppression. A film like Thelma and Louise brings consciousness to women’s own complicity in social norms like patriarchy, so they can no longer blindly follow these norms. This leaves women in either a state of denial and resistance or a state of evolution and change. Through mockery this film sheds light on accepted norms, and in some, causes a defensive response, as it
pp. 371-377, 2008. Benjamin Jr., Ludy T. & Simpson, Jeffrey A. The Power of the Situation: The Impact of Milgram’s Obedience Studies on Personality and Social Psychology. From an American Psychologist.