Introduction: To properly complete this lab, a basic understanding of mass, moles, and empirical formula is required. Mass is a unit of measurement that is used to determine the number of grams in a certain object. A mole is a measurement in which the amount of substance that is present can be determined.To convert between from mass to moles the amount of grams present is divided by the atomic mass to find moles. To get back to mass from mols the amount of mols is multiplied by the atomic mass. An empirical formula is a chemical equation with the simpliest positive ratio possible. To find an empirical formula the elements in the formula must be in moles. Then the smallest amount of moles is used to divide all the other mole numbers. These numbers …show more content…
The purpose of this lab is to use lab equipment and procedure to gather data about the mass of an undefined amount of magnesium and oxygen. This data is then meant to be used to find the empirical formula of a magnesium oxygen compound. Materials/Equipment: Crucible with cover Ring stand Magnesium Ribbon Iron ring Clay triangle Crucible tongs Dropper pipet Scissors Burner Balance scale Safety goggles Lab apron Procedure: To start the lab, all participants should put on all proper safety equipment, tie up hair, and roll up sleeves. Then they should get a crucible with a cover and place that on a clay triangle. A ring stand and iron ring should then be set up and a bunsen burner should be lit and adjusted to a proper flame. The crucible with cover and the clay triangle should be placed on the iron ring and in the hottest part of the bunsen burner’s flame for three minutes. After three minutes, the crucible and cover should be removed from the flame and allowed to cool. Once cooled, a scale should be used to calculate the mass of the empty crucible with the cover. Then a 20 centimeter piece of magnesium ribbon should be cut into one centimeter pieces and placed in the crucible. The mass of the crucible should be …show more content…
The ratio is one to one because there was .004 moles of oxygen reacted in the crucible and .0041 moles of Magnesium. The ratio of these two numbers when it is rounded to the nearest whole number is 1:1. Some potential errors that could have happened in the lab process that could cause varying data among lab participants include; the strength of flame, size of magnesium ribbon, and the amount of water added. During the lab, a bunsen burner is required to evaporate water from the crucible and start other reactions. If the flames are at different strengths then different amounts of water could have been evaporated from each dish, causing a change in mass. Also, specific to our lab, the magnesium ribbon was only broken by hand and not broken into precise 1 centimeter pieces like asked in the lab. This caused the ribbons to vary in length which could sque the data. Another error was that there was no set amount of water that was to be added. This means that the amount of water added could vary per group and so could the amount of oxide found in the dish after heating. Some changes that could be made to improve the lab would be to specify a specific amount of water that should be added to the crucible each time it requires water. Also, if a larger amount of magnesium was used in a future experiment it would be easier to determine the moles
to get an idea of how I would do my real experiment and what apparatus
The procedure of the lab on day one was to get a ring stand and clamp, then put the substance in the test tube. Then put the test tube in the clamp and then get a Bunsen burner. After that put the Bunsen burner underneath the test tube to heat it. The procedure of the lab for day two was almost exactly the same, except the substances that were used were different. The
Next, we measured 1.07 g of magnesium oxide, using a balance in the fume hood, added it to the HCl in the calorimeter, and shut the lid quickly to conserve heat. This mixture was “swirled” and allowed a few moments to react. The final temperature was recorded and DT determined. GRAPH GRAPH
Get together a clay triangle, ringstand, and a burner. Wash a crucible. Locate the crucible onto the ringstand. Warm the crucible on the scorching section of the flame from the burner for approximately five minutes. Chill the crucible at room temperature. Then, weigh it precisely. Grasp the crucible using tong because the use of hands will add oils and residues on to crucible. Place roughly 2 grams of copper sulfate inside the crucible. Then, measure the weight of the crucible along with its contents. Position the crucible onto the clay triangle. Next, heat up the crucible steadily at the beginning to avoid splattering. Once heated to the shade of red, place on the hot part of the bunsen burner flame for precisely five minutes, chill to room temperature, and find the mass of the crucible including its contents. Document the weight on the data sheet. Put the crucible on the ringstand. Pour a small about of distilled water into the crucible. Wait about five minutes to see reaction that is made. Find the mass of the crucible. Indicate the mass on data sheet.
4. Pour about 300mL of tap water into the beaker. Set up a hot-water bath using a hot plate, retort stand, and thermometer clamp. Alternatively, use a Bunsen burner, retort stand, ring clamp, thermometer clamp, and wire gauze.
After calculating the mass, poured the metal into a test tube and placed the test tube in the boiling water for approximately 10 minutes.
The experimental ratio by mass for magnesium and oxygen in magnesium oxide would be 3:2.
The purpose of this lab was to explore hydrates when water is removed from a compound with heat. By heating the magnesium sulfate, the mass of the water can be determined as the difference between the original weight and the weight after being heated. Not only can the mass be determined but also the amount of moles, ratio of magnesium sulfate to water, experimental percent of water, theoretical percent of water, and etc.
1:0 means that for every 1 cubic cm of distilled water we put in, we put in 0 cubic cm’s of solution. 1:1 means that for every 1 cubic cm of solution we put in, we added 1 cubic cm of distilled water. The solutions and the potato chips will be in boiling tubes in test tubes rack for safe storage. We will leave these for 24 hours. The next day when we would come to check them, after 24 hours, we would take the potato chips out of the boiling tubes to weigh them.
Using the previously calculated Kf, the molar masses of unknown substances A, C, and D were able to be calculated. However, given that the original Kf was slightly larger than the theoretical value, the molar
Whilst doing the experiment there are many things that will have to remain the same in order to keep the tests fair, these include amounts and measurements as well as concentration and size and shape of the magnesium e.g. long strands. The temperature how ever will be the main change in the experiment, this is the only factor to change in less problems occur where a change is not optional. For each temperature the test will be taken three times to make sure that the results are correct and as accurate as possible, an average will be taken to give a clear and single result. A diagram of the apparatus I intend on using and how it will be assembled; [IMAGE] Safety- To ensure that the investigation is safe I will make sure that all equipment it correctly assembled, and I am wearing the appropriate safety wear and that everybody around is either dressed correctly or far enough away.
4. Fill the graduate cylinder to the 30.0mL mark with tap water. Remember to read the bottom of the meniscus. This is the initial volume, V initial. Record the mass of the graduate in the row labeled graduate+water+0 pebbles. Repeat this step with 10, 20, and 30 pebbles.
Quickly and carefully transfer the heated metal from the test tube to the water in the calorimeter.
•density of the chemical elements displayed on a miniature periodic tableDensity of solid: 2030 kg m-3...
This hypothesis is based on the collision theory, which states that when particles are heated up, they have more kinetic energy. With this high amount of energy, the particles will move at a higher rate with more force, when these particles collide a reaction occurs, therefore increasing the heat increases the reaction rate. The volume and the mass of the MgCl2 formed could have been measured and weighed after the reaction and that value would have been very useful because if it was obtained, it would be easier to manually calculate the theoretical yield of H2 gas rather than using a theoretical value found online. This would have made the percentage yield more accurate.