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The role of women in literature
The role of women in literature
Gender Roles In Society
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The books I chose to review were Ella Enchanted and Fairest by Gail Carson Levine along with The Paper Bag Princess by Robert Munsch and The Knight Who Was Afraid of the Dark by Barbara Shook Hazen. Collectively these books have strong female characters in positive female roles. There is a pro-girl theme across the board with these four stories.
I chose this set of book for my review because I have a 5 year old daughter and I thought I could share some of the lessons I learn in the process of this paper. It had not occurred to me that these particular books fell into the feminist fairy tales genre. In hindsight it makes perfect sense.
Unfortunately classic fairytales tend to paint a picture of an inferior female character in need of a handsome
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prince to make her happy. Many people feel these traditional tales send the wrong message to our youth. In an attempt to change the classic blueprint these authors intentions are rather clear in all of these modern fairytales, to address real life issue in a youthfully appealing way. Each story has a unique message, and they each confront an individual issue. It is likely that Levine wrote these modern twists on the classic tales we all know and love to bring light to the issues women face today. To encourage young people to be themselves despite what society expects of them. While geared toward a young female audience these stories do not discriminate in appeal. Similarly, the other two books are also intended for a younger audience. The Knight Who Was Afraid of the Dark speaks to young girls and boys alike with its fear facing tale of two love birds. Although the title may be a bit misleading The Paper Bag Princess is appropriate for young boys as much as it is for young girls. These stories address the main issues women and young people face today.
The obedience curse in Ella Enchanted and the desire for beauty in Fairest are reflective of the expectation imposed by the gender norms of society and the obsession with appearance. The young female heroine in The Paper Bag Princess defies the social norms of women by courageously saving her prince. Much like Lady Wendylyn in The Knight Who Was Afraid of the Dark faces her fears to help Sir Fed the brave female roles stand out as more than the damsel in destress or the needy princess waiting for her prince to sweep her off her feet. The plots of all four of these books present the reader with a strong female character and a non-conventional spin on the gender norms we expect to read in a …show more content…
fairytale. Ella Enchanted is a modern take on the classic Cinderella story. At birth the fairy Lucinda gives Ella the gift of obedience. This gift turns out to be a curse and Ella must obey every order she is given. She decides to find Lucinda and ask to have the curse lifted, but Lucinda refuses. Along the way she meets Prince Char and ultimately falls in love. In the end Ella lifts the curse on her own and similar to the original Cinderella story, she lives happily ever after. A contemporary version of a classic fairytale, reflective of Snow White this story tackles the obsession with appearance. In a fast passed plot, Fairest is a believable tale of an awkward girl named Aza. She has the ability to manipulate her voice, which she calls illusing. When the queen learns of Aza’s abilities she uses her to deceive the court into believing that she had this beautiful voice. When the truth is exposes Aza must leave the castle to save her own life. In time she discovers herself and realizes her physical appearance is not important after all. The Paper Bag Princess is a story of a princess who is about to marry her prince when a dragon destroys everything and kidnaps the prince. A brave Princess Elizabeth sets out to rescue Prince Ronald. She outsmarts the dragon and tires him out in order to save the prince. Covered in filth and wearing only a paper bag Princess Elizabeth saves Prince Ronald and all he can say is how she doesn’t look much like a princess, neglecting all she had gone through to rescue him from the dragon. It is this final line that makes this empowering story all that it is. She tells the price that while he looks great and fits the role of a prince indeed he is just a bum and she lives happily ever after without him. In The Knight Who Was Afraid of the Dark the brave knight, Sir Fred is secretly afraid of the dark. When the Melvin the Miffed learns of his secret he decides to use it against him to gain the affection of Sir Fred’s love interest, Lady Wendylyn. Melvin the Miffed convinces Lady Wendylyn to request that Sir Fred meet her at midnight or never see her again. Determine to honor such a request, Sir Fred arms himself with fireflies, glowworms and his pet electric eel and sets out to face his fears and meet Lady Wendylyn at midnight. When he gets there he quickly learns she has a fear of her own, bugs! The two admit their fears and celebrate their bravery while Melvin the Miffed watches them ride off together. The main theme in Ella Enchanted would have to be perseverance. She refuses to give up trying to lift the curse and in the end she is successful. While other themes of obedience and the “gift” of such subservience are present it is Ella’s perseverance that gets her through the tough life events that she is faced with. It is that perseverance that allows her to free herself. In Fairest there are multiple themes about appearance and beauty, however the most valuable would be the theme of self-acceptance. It is not until Aza accepts herself that she finally feels beautiful. In this process she encourages others to redefine their idea of beauty. This story is the realization of phrases referring to beauty being only skin deep or in the eye of the beholder come from. The Paper Bag Princess addresses relativism with just enough feminism. While the two main characters are from a similar upbringing and the same society, they have quite different ideas of what is important. The princess takes value in what is inside, while the prince clearly finds value in material things like beauty and fancy clothes. The role reversal of the princess saving the prince contradicts traditional male/ female roles. The princess outsmarting the dragon also steps outside of gender norms and not only puts a female in a strong role, but she is also a smart girl. The Knight Who Was Afraid of the Dark tackles facing fears and finding pride in your own flaws. The story addresses bullying with the way Melvin the Miffed exposes Sir Fred’s fear to Lady Wendylyn. Ultimately this story aims to show. In a review titled Paper Bag Princess: a staple in KidLit in the Hamilton Spectator (Ontario, Canada) the reviewer Gary Curtis says this is “a message real girls need to hear”.
He goes on to say, “this book still has a lot to say to all kinds of preschool, junior and middle-school girls -- and there are legions of high school and college women who'd benefit as well.” Obviously written for a younger reading audience, the author is a retired pre-school teacher, this story appeals to readers of all ages. A witty story about a sassy princess and her independence The Paper Princess is absolutely a must read in children’s literature.
A review of Fairest in the Sunday Tasmanian (Australia) with the title the beauty myth buster, reviewer Dani Colvin calls this story “a breath of fresh air” “ IN an era that seems obsessed by physical beauty to a point where young women are prepared to do dreadful things to themselves in order to achieve it”. Much like the potions and spells ion the story, women today are turning to surgical enhancements more and more in a quest to be beautiful. It is easy to agree with the opinions of the reviewer when we see these issues daily in our
society. From a feminists perspective fairytales are often denounced because they perpetuate the ideals of a patriarchal society. Many believe they encourage young girls to behave like proper princesses and wait for a prince to come along and take charge or save the day. As a result of these growing opinions in our society many authors are reclaiming this genre by retelling the classics we all know. Featuring strong, take charge female roles who do not require a princes saving. Ella Enchanted fits this example almost perfectly. The novel addresses several specific feminist issues, specifically the expectation of obedience. After reading the four books and researching the reviews of others the ideal reader would be young middle school aged females. However, it can easily be said that they all have an appeal to readers of any age in their own unique and individual ways.
In James Poniewozik's "The Princess Paradox" (323-325) the author explains how the idea of a feminist, independent woman becoming a fairy tale princess is a paradox and that society is engaging in a paradox through the belief of it. He utilizes the recent bout of Cinderella retellings to show the paradox of how girls cannot be both completely independent and a fairytale princess, and yet society perpetuates the paradox through believing that this is not only possible, but realistically attainable as well. Poniewozik exposes the contradictions that surround these new Cinderellas to defy these "realistic" stories that society has come to embrace. By showing how truly constrictive and illogical these fantasies are, Poniewozik also shows how hypocritical society has become for idolizing them and why this new princess is a true paradox.
In today’s society, gender issues are often discussed as a hot topic. In literature, feminist views are used to criticise “societal norms” in books and stories. Two popular pieces by authors Kolbenschlag and Hurston paint two very different views on women. One common assumption in the use of a feminist critical perspective is that gender issues are central. Kolbenschlag who wrote the literary criticism “Cinderella, the Legend” would most likely disagree with this statement, she feels that women bare greater burdens in society and are more largely affected by social norms.
Women pageant queens think they are supposed to represent the ideal of female beauty. The tomboy is especially associated with childhood and is defined by the girlhood performance of masculinity. As Michele Abate noted, “The traits most Americans are likely to name as constitutive of this code of tomboy conduct include proclivity for outdoor play (especially athletics), a feisty independent spirit, and a tendency to don masculine clothing and adopt a boyish nickname” (Abate). What does it mean to be a boy in children’s literature and the kind of varieties of boys that are represented? J.K. Rowling’s Harry Potter series typically features a social, educational, and physical dangers of school life that provide opportunities for adventure, mischief, and exploration. This collection of experiences allows boys to enact traditional forms of boyhood while practicing many of adult men’s culture and the ability to plan out schemes. Not all boys in children’s literature fit these conventional models of the physically robust athlete, hearty survivalist, or mischievous bad boy. Children’s literature also includes boys such as Laure in Little Women, who are described as sensitive, saintly, sickly, or effeminate. The literary and popular texts help understand expectations of boyhood and the insight into contemporary constructions of
Fisher, Jerilyn, and Ellen S. Silber. Women in Literature: Reading Through the Lens of Gender. Westport, Conn: Greenwood Press, 2003. Print.
Stover, Cassandra (2013) "Damsels and Heroines: The Conundrum of the Post-Feminist Disney Princess," LUX: A Journal of Transdisciplinary Writing and Research from Claremont Graduate University: Vol. 2: Iss. 1, Article 29.
Due to traditional stereotypes of women, literature around the world is heavily male-dominant, with few female characters outside of cliché tropes. Whenever a female character is introduced, however, the assumption is that she will be a strong lead that challenges the patriarchal values. The authors of The Thousand and One Nights and Medea use their female centered stories to prove their contrasting beliefs on the role of women not only in literature, but also in society. A story with a female main character can be seen as empowering, but this is not always the case, as seen when comparing and contrasting Medea and The Thousand and One Nights.
Nancy Drew is noteworthy for her lack of dependence on male characters for assist and honored for her independence at a young age. Drew is a young woman who appeals young readers due to her fantasy life. She is an attractive, young, well-mannered, witted woman with a nice house, whose self-determination provide her noble access to the real world. By her courageous personality and spirit, she is a role model of gender roles in children's literature. Furthermore, Nancy Drew's adventures gives us fair ideas on justice and discrimination in the world. Ultimately, Nancy Drew’s mysteries are inspiring, presents with female empowerment, and gives examples of independency throughout the series.
Social factors have always encouraged the idea that men embody masculinity and women embody femininity and, thus, certain gender-norms are expected accordingly. In the past, such expectations were traditional and to go against them was frowned upon by the general public. Contemporarily speaking, there is more freedom to avail oneself of today than there was once upon a time. Jeanne-Marie LePrince de Beaumont’s fairytale adaptation of ‘Beauty and The Beast’ was published in 1740. During this time, men and women were compelled by the social conventions associated with their gender. When analyzing the literary work, the reader can grasp what gender roles are eminent in the characters identity and motives. By exploring the choice of language being
...n by naming the title of the movie after the main female protagonists. Just look at the Little Mermaid, Snow White, Sleeping Beauty and even Beauty and the Beast. All are movies about the females being damsels in distress and having a male come to their rescue. Charles Perrault’s original version portrays the perfect version that children all around the world should be watching. Children are already very impressionable and what they watch when they are younger is how they eventually will act. How they grow up rests on the children movies and books of that generation. Those movies and books are what form the future leaders of our countries and for one very impressionable company, such as Disney, to be favoring one gender more than the other can result in chaos. Overall, Charles Perrault’s feminist lens in his story can lead girls to an empowering high self-esteem.
In a society unbridled with double standards and set views about women, one may wonder the origins of such beliefs. It might come as a surprise that these ideals and standards are embedded and have been for centuries in the beloved fairy tales we enjoyed reading as kids. In her analytical essay, “To Spin a Yarn: The Female Voice in Folklore and Fairy Tales”, Karen Rowe argues that fairy tales present “cultural norms which exalt passivity, dependency, and self-sacrifice as a female’s cardinal virtues.” Rowe presents an excellent point, which can be supported by versions of the cult classics, “Cinderella” and “Snow White”. Charles Perrault’s “ The Little Glass Slipper” and the Brothers Grimm’s “ Snow White” exemplify the beliefs that females are supposed to be docile, dependent on the male persona and willing to sacrifice themselves. In many cases, when strong female characters are presented they are always contradicting in these characteristics, thus labeled as villainous. Such is the case of the Cinderella’s stepsisters in Perrault’s “Cinderella” and the stepmother in the Brothers Grimm’s “Snow White.” These female characters face judgment and disapproval when they commit the same acts as male characters. With such messages rooted in our beloved fairy tales it is no wonder that society is rampant with these ideals about women and disapprove of women when they try to break free of this mold.
...present powerful characters, while females represent unimportant characters. Unaware of the influence of society’s perception of the importance of sexes, literature and culture go unchanged. Although fairytales such as Sleeping Beauty produce charming entertainment for children, their remains a didactic message that lays hidden beneath the surface; teaching future generations to be submissive to the inequalities of their gender. Feminist critic the works of former literature, highlighting sexual discriminations, and broadcasting their own versions of former works, that paints a composite image of women’s oppression (Feminist Theory and Criticism). Women of the twenty-first century serge forward investigating, and highlighting the inequalities of their race in effort to organize a better social life for women of the future (Feminist Theory and Criticism).
Throughout literature, authors employ a variety of strategies to highlight the central message being conveyed to the audience. Analyzing pieces of literature through the gender critics lens accentuates what the author believes to be masculine or feminine and that society and culture determines the gender responsibility of an individual. In the classic fairytale Little Red Riding Hood, the gender strategies appear through the typical fragile women of the mother and the grandmother, the heartless and clever male wolf, and the naïve and vulnerable girl as little red riding hood.
“Girls wear jeans and cut their hair short and wear shirts and boots because it is okay to be a boy; for a girl it is like promotion. But for a boy to look like a girl is degrading, according to you, because secretly you believe that being a girl is degrading” (McEwan 55-56). Throughout the history of literature women have been viewed as inferior to men, but as time has progressed the idealistic views of how women perceive themselves has changed. In earlier literature women took the role of being the “housewife” or the household caretaker for the family while the men provided for the family. Women were hardly mentioned in the workforce and always held a spot under their husband’s wing. Women were viewed as a calm and caring character in many stories, poems, and novels in the early time period of literature. During the early time period of literature, women who opposed the common role were often times put to shame or viewed as rebels. As literature progresses through the decades and centuries, very little, but noticeable change begins to appear in perspective to the common role of women. Women were more often seen as a main character in a story setting as the literary period advanced. Around the nineteenth century women were beginning to break away from the social norms of society. Society had created a subservient role for women, which did not allow women to stand up for what they believe in. As the role of women in literature evolves, so does their views on the workforce environment and their own independence. Throughout the history of the world, British, and American literature, women have evolved to become more independent, self-reliant, and have learned to emphasize their self-worth.
The Damsel has spanned throughout history as a popular archetype in literature, movies, and music. Through these forms of entertainment, The Damsel is portrayed as naïve, innocent, and feeble. In media, she eagerly awaits to be rescued and protected by a handsome prince, and live “happily ever after.” The Damsel has potential for greatness, yet only realizes it when guided by a prince. In addition to the naïve feebleness of The Damsel, the archetype originally symbolized purity, kindness, and an immunity to the taint of evil. In relation to romance, the light attributes of The Damsel encourages her to rely on herself, and recognize the qualities of a healthy romance. The shadow attributes of The
The construction of children’s literature was a gradual process. For a long period of time children’s books were frowned upon. The stories were said to be vulgar and frightening. Adults censored children’s ears to stories of daily life, tales with improbable endings were not to be heard. It was not until the mid 1800s that stories of fairies and princesses began to be recognized. Although children’s literature was accepted, the books were not available for all children. With limited access to education, few public libraries, and the books’ costs, these texts were only available to the middle and high- class. As public education and libraries grew so did the accessibility of books and their popularity. They no longer were considered offensive, but rather cherished and loved by many children. Children’s literature became orthodox and a revolution began, changing literature as it was known.