Electroconvulsive Therapy: Why is it Effective?
Reported for the first time in the 18th century, was the use of convulsive therapy.
Psychiatrists observed that after spontaneous epileptic seizure the psychiatric conditions of patients improved. Previously, in the sixteenth-century, Paracelsus, a Swiss physician and alchemist gave camphor by mouth to produce convulsions and to cure lunacy. Originally, the induced convulsions treated severe catatonic stupors and schizophrenia. Today we know the convulsions are secondary to grand mal seizures in the brain, and that the seizure is the primary therapeutic agent of electroconvuslive therapy (ECT). Metrazol and Cardiazol later replaced Camphor because of its rapid onset. The extremely unpleasant sensations led investigators to seek alternative methods and electroconvulsive therapy was born. Electrical stimulation first tested epileptic seizures on dogs and pigs, and its first treatment helped a delusional, hallucinating homeless man diagnosed with schizophrenia in 1938. After chronic administration of ECT, the patient fully recovered.
The introduction of ECT to the United States created a burst of therapeutic optimism in psychiatry. Psychiatrists used ECT experimentally on patients with major mental disorders. This led to its current use for Major Depression. A negative stigma has remained since movies like One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest stress the abuse of ECT: "The Shock Shop, Mr. McMurphy . . . might be said to do the work of the sleeping pill, the electric chair and the torture rack. It's a clever little procedure, simple, quick, nearly painless it happens so fast, but no one ever wants another one. Ever".
The idea that all the Doctor has to do is "push...
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...s of action of ECT and severe mental illness in hopes of coming to a definitive conclusion about why they occur, and how treatment is effective.
References
1)Electroconvulsive therapy for schizophrenia
http://216.33.236.250/cgi-bin/linkrd?_lang=EN&lah=30be936c7eacf7d274cd042e821d4c1b&lat=1020887143&hm___action=http%3a%2f%2fwww%2epriory%2ecom%2fpsych%2fectol2%2ehtm%23links
2) Abrams, R. (1997). Electroconvulsive Therapy. (3rd ed.). New York: Oxford University Press.
3)Electroconvulsive Therapy
http://www.psycom.net/depression.central.ect.html
4)ECT and Receptor Function
http://www.biopsychiatry.com/5ht3.htm
5)Depression FAQ
http://paranormal.se/faq/depression.html
6)All about ECT- Electroconvulsive Therapy
http://www.medhelp.org/
Recommended Reference
7)ECT On-line: Some ECT links
http://www.priory.com/psych/ectol2.htm#links
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... client and parent. Knowing the symptoms of schizophrenia will enable the family to identify triggers.
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A. Thesis Statement Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is a treatment for severe mental illness in which the brain is stimulated with a strong electrical current which induces a seizure. The seizure rearranges the brain's neurochemistry and results in an elevation of mood. This essay asks: Is ECT any safer and more effective in treating mood disorders than drug therapies? This treatment has a controversial history ever since it was first introduced in 1938. I intend to argue that electroconvulsive therapy is indeed a safe treatment of mental disorders when other treatments have failed.
An individual who has a mental illness can be a danger to themselves and others. They don't live a normal life that is guaranteed to them, holding them back from being successful and having a bright future. If medications are not working for a mental illness, then the patient can consider electroconvulsive therapy. Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is a medical procedure that sends currents of electricity through your brain. ECT saves lives and is ethical to treat patients using “psychosurgical” procedure.
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?What is the role of ECT in the treatment of mania?? Harvard Mental Health Letter. June 1997.
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The rationale for ECT is to provide relief from the signs and symptoms of mental illnesses such as severe depression, mania, and catatonic schizophrenia. ECT is indicated when patients need rapid improvement because they are suicidal, at risk of self-harm, refuse to eat or drink or are non compliant with prescribed medication. ECT will only be prescribed after adequate trials of other treatment options have proved to be ineffective or the condition is considered potentially life threatening (NICE 2010). A programme of ECT refers to no more than 12 treatments, prescribed by a consultant psychiatrist, following a psychiatric examination of the patient with a mental disorder for which use of ECT is indicated (Mental Health Commission 2009).
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