El Narcotráfico

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El Narcotráfico

Antes de Pinochet la mayoría de la produción de la cocaína

estaba en los Andes de Chile donde es posible cultivar la coca.

Después de Pinochet decidió no permitir la produción de la droga

en Chile, la industria se mudó al otro lado de la frontera con

Columbia. Con este cambio empezó la transformación de la

industria y de un pais. Hoy, por causa de la Guerra Contra la

Droga, es Columbia uno de los paises más violentos del mundo.

Columbia no era el pais menos violento de Latinoamérica

antes, pero después de la industria llegó la situación há

empeorado cada año con poca fluctuación. Cada año hay más de

77.5 homicidios por cada 100,000 habitantes en Columbia, y en

Medellín, una de las ciudades mas grandes, 249 por cada 100,000.

Solamente pocos paises en guerra son peores.

El narcotráfico no era tan violento en Chile. ¿Entonces,

por qué es como así en Columbia? La respuesta no es que los

chileños son menos violentos. Chile había tenido una historia

mas tranquilla que la mayoria de Latino América, pero la

diferencia mas importante es con los Estados Unidos y su

tratamiento del problema durante las dos epocas, la de los

setenta cuando la industria era en Chile, y la de los ochenta y

los noventa cuando la industria era en Columbia.

Durante los ochenta cocaína era muy popular en los EEUU y el

gobierno decidió combatir el narcotráfico más que antes. (Lo que

no sabía el gobierno era que la CIA ya había tenido un papel en

la industria con otras intenciónes, pero eso es otro trabajo.)

Empezó la Guerra Contra la Droga. “The War on Drugs.” Los

cárteles ya habían asegurado sus posiciónes en la sociedad de

Columbia. El narcotráfico era ilegal, pero aceptado. Los juezes

no aceptaron casos contra los cárteles, y los cárteles no

asesinaron a los juezes.

Con los EEUU llegó tambien dinero. Los EEUU gastaba más

dinero en Columbia para combatir el narcotráfico que gastaba

contra la adicción de sus propios ciudadanos. Este tercer aspeto

de la situación, la influencia de los EEUU, transformó las

relaciones entre la systema de justicia en Columbia y el gobierno

en general, y el narcotráfico, ya una gran parte de la economia.

Una parte de la economia la qué necesitaba la gente.

Las acciones de los EEUU agravó la situación y resultó en

más violencia. La industria de cocaína existe hoy en Bolivia,

Peru, y México tambien, donde los gobiernos prestan menos

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