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Digital divide in education essay
Digital divide in education essay
Digital divide in education essay
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Education and the Digital Divide
Closing the digital divide involves many components, starting with the education program and teachers. While schools are integrating new technologies into their programs, teachers are supposed to keep up with the latest technologies and use them in their curriculum to teach students. According to a U.S. Department of Education Report (1999), only 24 percent of new teachers felt sufficiently prepared to integrate technology into the curriculum they were using (Brogan, 2000). The problem is, many teachers did not grow up with computers and are not receiving the training they need to operate them (Brogan, 2000). Starting work as early as 7 a.m. and leaving school as late as 5 p.m. to go home and do even more work, leaves teachers lacking the time to learn new technological skills. Many schools offer training programs for teachers. For example, the Palm Beach County, Florida school district teaches Web basics for teachers at middle schools and magnet schools (Brogan, 2000). This is a great idea because it is giving teachers the opportunity to learn about technology and it is showing that the school district is interested in helping its employees become better at what they do.
Andy Carvin states “ internet access in schools isn’t worth a hill of beans if teachers aren’t prepared to take full advantage of technology” (2000). Schools spend a lot of money on computer hardware and software as well as other technologies without realizing that many of their employees are unprepared to include them in their teaching and use them to their advantages. Educators often use technology as a classroom management tool rather than an educational one, allowing computer time as a reward for good behavior (Clark & Gorski, 2001). The problem with this is that students learn to use the computer for games and such because it is their reward instead of using it on their own time for educational purposes. This is teaching them the wrong idea. Margaret Honey, director of the Center for Children and Technology in NYC said it best, “The bottom line is, you don’t just put technology into schools or into homes and expect miracles to happen. The technology is only as good as the program that surrounds it” (Meyer, 2002, p.2).
“Education is probably the most important issue that affects the ability to benefit from technology.
David Gelernter author of the essay, “Unplugged: The Myth of Computers in the Classroom,” used some rhetorical appeals but not many in his essay, whilst trying to logically persuade his audience that computers could be utilized in the classroom, but under certain stipulations. Gelernter has great credibility for speaking on education and technology, as he is a professor of computer science at Yale University, so he more than anyone should know the outcomes of using a computer as a tool while teaching. However, when it comes to technology a lot of older generations usually are pretty biased when discussing technologies advancements, Gelernter still had some very good points! Using computers while teaching our young children can be useful but with strict moderations; when, where, and why, because if not heavily monitored, computers could be extremely detrimental to the learning experience and processes for many students.
Biography Editors (2004) found that John Wayne, a murderer, was well known for his violent act of killing 33 people (boys and men) and burying them under his home. After his actions went viral, many researchers began looking into his story with the aim of finding out the trigger for the commission of such a violent act. Deep evaluation of John Wayne’s biography began and it was concluded that he was a psychopath. What made him a psychopath? It was confirmed that Wayne had a very abusive childhood and faced conflict about his sexuality. He was raised by his father who was a drunk. On a regular basis, his father would physically abuse him and his siblings by beating them with a razor strap. After his father found out about his sexuality (Wayne was gay), Wayne faced greater turmoil. Wayne also became a victim of a lot of criticism and marginalization at school. All these are the causes of his psychopathic disorder. He had a defective childhood where he was abused, raised by an alcoholic father, criticized and marginalized about his identity. This case study is a good proof for the nurture theory. Many other biographies of psychopaths disclose a defective childhood. As said, good parenting is very crucial to a child’s development both psychologically, emotionally and socially. Wayne lacked good parenting which affected him psychologically later in
Andrew Zucker examines computer use in the United States in both elementary and secondary education. It addresses issues such as teacher training, technology availability at home and in schools, and current technology projects that were ongoing at this time. The article ends by discussing computer usage in schools in a larger context, which provides a different perspective on educational technology.
Arbitration is an alternative to litigation between two parties in dispute. This method of dispute resolution is used by opposing parties outside a court of law. In Arbitration, both parties agree to a neutral panel, called an arbitration, who hears their dispute and decide the outcome. Arbitration uses an adversarial system much like litigation and offers a binding decision from the partly of their choice. Organizations in a Collective Agreement benefit by using arbitration instead of litigation because of the greater degree of control it give the parties, the ability for the parties appoint their own arbiter(s) and is generally a cost-effective approach compared to litigation.
According to Britannica academic “arbitration is nonjudicial legal technique for resolving disputes by referring them to a neutral party for a binding decision, or “award” (Britannica Academic, 2017). Arbitration will reach a decision in which one of the parties “wins” so to say. Arbitration is more formal than mediation is and often involves more than one arbitrator. An arbitrator can enforce a solution in binding arbitration. Arbitrators are normally derived from the National Academy of Arbitrators in which these are based on experience and education (Fallon & McConnell,
..., since arbitrator may like one party or other or maybe third party, since arbitrations may come from very different cultural and commercial backgrounds. The parties are allowed in the early stated of arbitration to exclude if very is a doubt of impartiality of arbitrator.
The Superior Court of California, County of Santa Clara Alternative Dispute Resolution Information Sheet/Civil Division states, “ADR is the general term for a wide variety of dispute resolution processes that are alternative to litigation” (Santa Clara, 2002). The purpose of ADR is to save time and money, reduces stress, and provides more control, flexibility and participation in a legal matter.
When a party decides to use arbitration to come up with a decision the most important step in the process is the agreement to arbitrate. This agreement can be the form of a future dispute arbitration clause in a contract or, if the party did not submit for arbitration in advance it then it can take the form of a submission of an existing case to arbitration. If parties want to provide for arbitration of futur...
Almost everyone attends a school at one time in their life, whether the classroom includes technology or not. Research shows that technology isn’t used as often as one might think. The article, “High Access and Low Use of Technology in High School Classrooms” illustrates the use of technology by stating that only one in ten elementary and middle school teachers are daily users of computers (Cuban, Kirkpatrick, Peck). Most schools now have classrooms that use technology throughout the entire class time and even at home to do homework. Although some people might agree with the use of technology in class, it is more harmful to the students than useful.
Arbitration is an alternative dispute resolution that has been commonly used in recent years in the employment agreement and commercial contract. The differences between arbitration and mediation are that the third party makes a decision of outcome. Basically, it is a process of any disputes that the solution can make it outside of the public court system. The parties select their arbitrator however they want, or they can get a help from the American Arbitration Association to find an available arbitrator. Furthermore, the process of arbitration is similar to court such as bring witnesses, proof of evidence (Barnes 2017, 28). There are two types of arbitration including a private and judicial arbitration. The “private arbitration” is the simple
Not many people would argue that computer technology is bad for the K-12 classroom. There is, however, a serious and thought-provoking debate going on regarding computer technology in the classroom. At issue is to what extent and at what age should computers be integrated in American classrooms. There is no question that a certain level of technology will bring improvements in academic achievement. In one study on children of low socioeconomic status a definite improvement was seen. It was noted that, “Increasing the technology available to students encourages, facilitates, and supports student achievement – at the elementary level, the most profound effects were found in the area of mathematics” (Page 391). Page also states that, “numerous studies have demonstrated that young children’s self-esteem or self-concept directly affects their academic performance” (Page 391).
Do you ever think about how much technology has changed the way we work, learn, play, and even think? Technology is a major beneficiary to society; especially in the classroom where we get the opportunity to learn and grow. In recent years, schools have begun implementing tablets and other devices in the classroom to better student’s education. The use of technology in the classroom provides more of a personalized learning experience and gives students a widespread availability to engage in learning. Technology is necessary in today’s modern globe, it is basically “the pen and paper of our time and the lens through which we experience much of our world” (Warlick, 2013). Technology is not just considered the “internet”, it is so much greater than that. Overall, it enhances the quality of education and engages students deeper than ever before. With all the significant gains, why would people argue that technology hinders students more than it helps? Critics may try to repute the use of technology in the classroom but I believe what really matters “is the way we use it, the context that we use it in, and the learners who we use it for” (Chong, 2012).
The entertainment field is very complex, most disputes between producers and unions are resolved by an arbitrator who will interpret the contract. If an arbitrator awards a remedy, a court may be called upon to enforce the award. Court enforcement is necessary in very few arbitration cases, especially in the international context (Bartlett). Disputes involving licensing contracts are often lengthy and complex and involve numerous parties. Most of the lawsuits involving union employees are resolved through arbitration, since union contracts have long resorted to this process to expedite the resolution of disputes (Bartlett).
Defining Arbitration is hard, as several writers have proposed various definitions. I will start exploring definitions of other writers, and concluding with my personal definition.
Today, schools are being pressured more and more to improve the technology they use and teach in the classrooms. Parents are placing this pressure on schools so that their students have the skills needed to compete in the real world job market. Students are placing pressure on the schools to improve technology by having more knowledge of