Wait a second!
More handpicked essays just for you.
More handpicked essays just for you.
Don’t take our word for it - see why 10 million students trust us with their essay needs.
Recommended: Ebola virus
The spread of the Ebola virus that has infamously swept across the media and the ears of many in recent months, is the response to the drastic sub-Saharan outbreak in three nations: Liberia, Guinea, and Sierra Leone. There have been further cases of contracted patients in neighboring cities and countries, but not near the magnitude of the three countries housing the epicenter. Fear of the deadly virus has plagued the American people since breaking news in August. The danger the virus presents to the people of its hosting nations and the entirety of the earth’s population demands for the borders with the surrounding nations to be closed in order to aid the containment of the grave epidemic. This current outbreak is not the first time the …show more content…
The Zaire virus strand has victimized 1919 cases in Guinea, 6878 cases in Liberia, and 5586 cases in Sierra Leone; totaling to 14383 cases as of November 12, 2014 . The Ebola virus has claimed thousands of lives as a result of infectious outbreak. Guinea has suffered the highest casualty rate around 61% for the 1166 corpses who have succumbed to the virus, Sierra Leone has had 1187 casualties, and Liberia has sustained the highest number of deaths with 2812 corpses. Over the course of Ebola’s existence “the average Ebola virus case fatality rate is around 50%, with case fatality rates varying from 25% to 90% in past outbreaks. ” With results of such high casualty rates and a lack of a certified cure, in third-world countries that are without proper medical doctors, supplies and facilities, a quarantine of the countries are a necessity to ensure a quicker and more hopeful success of containing and eliminating the spread. The philosophical theory that Kant favors as Anti-Consequentialist, can be summarized as, if agents identify a task, they morally have to do it, no matter what. Having established the severity of the current outbreak, and analyzing the grim rate of survival over the course of the virus’ history, using the Anti-Consequentialist’s theory implies that humans have moral duty to complete the task of closing
Ebola from everyone’s point of view is seen as inferno. Dr. Steven Hatch’s memorable journey began with him volunteering to leave for Liberia in 2013 to work at a hospital in Monrovia to fight Ebola in one of its most affected areas. There were only a few patients with Ebola when he arrived. The number of patients rapidly increased over his time in Liberia. After six months Ebola was declared a world health emergency and not only were ordinary people outside of the hospital getting the virus but the medical personnel that were tending to the patients had caught it and some of them had even died.
The basis of this paper is centered around two somewhat conflicting moral theories that aim to outline two ways of ethical thinking. The theory behind both rule consequentialism and Kantian ethics will be compared and evaluated. These theories can then be applied to a relatively complex moral case known as the “Jim and the Indians” example.
Unlike those mentioned in The Hot Zone, I, as an average American citizen, can never relate to the experiences of having Marburg or Ebola. However, I can now visualize these experiences and understand the grave circumstances Americans went under and what the Central Africans had to endure. The Hot Zone depicts the onset of symptoms from Marburg and Ebola and the ease it can travel from one victim to the next. In the situation of Marburg, Charles Monet is infected and sitting on a twenty four hour flight while showing symptoms.(17,18 Preston) This is extremely eerie as monkeys had been infected with Ebola and Marburg just by breathing it.(224 Preston) This revealed to me that no one is exempt from stopping or catching a virus like Ebola.(226 Preston) I live in a society where we don’t have a virus affecting us like there is in Central Africa. This makes me more cautious of the things I would come into contact with such as sick people. It’s not as if that I would disown them if they were sick but I would take more measures to ensure that I wouldn’t catch their cold. Along with this I’ve been looking at the measures I take to ensure no one else would catch my cold or virus and that I can recover from it. Overall the book has widen my perception of viruses and infectious diseases. I don’t take the topic of Ebola or Marburg lightly
The Hot Zone is a true story about how the knowledge of the Ebola virus was first developed and the background behind it. The Ebola virus kills nine out of ten of its victims and it kills quickly and painfully. It is extremely contagious and the blood and vomit the victim lets out can spread the virus quickly. The Hot Zone goes into detail of the experience of getting to the bottom of the Ebola Virus.
Fig. 1. Fine epitope mapping of anti-H5 2A-scFvFc antibody. A. Flow cytometry profiles for immunoreactivity of single-clone HA1-M mutants displayed on the surface of yeast. Single point mutations that abolish yeast surface binding of anti-H5 2AscFvFc were analyzed and mapped to distinct regions of HA1. B. Schematic representation of the epitopes recognized by anti-H5 2AFc to HA1 on the yeast surface. Amino acid positions are designated in H5 numbering. A linear epitopes (aa 206-211) recognized by 2AFc is colored in red. The regions encompassing the receptor-binding domain are colored in cyan.
In this essay I shall explore the question of moral responsibility and free will, by looking at, and comparing, ideas that stem from a Kantian philosophical position, and those that stem from a naturalist philosophical position. I will also consider the implications that follow from each position, when considering the issue of punishment. Furthermore, I will show that although Kantian and naturalist philosophers typically differ in some aspects, such as their concept of the source of free will, they find themselves in much the same position when it comes to determining when moral responsibility is applicable. However, when we turn to applying moral philosophy to the important practical issue of punishment, the Kantian position becomes incoherent as soon as we consider the possibility that free will does not exist. Conversely, a naturalist position, particularly one of the consequentialist tradition, remains capable of answering such an important normative question, regardless of whether its notion of free will turns out to be correct or incorrect. Ultimately then, I will suggest that it is the naturalist philosopher who is in the better position to tackle the normative question of punishment, that arises in applied moral philosophy.
West Nile Virus has emerged in recent years throughout the temporate zones of Europe and North America. Causing a variety of conditions in its hosts, the most serious manifestation of WN virus infection is fatal encephalitis (inflammation of the brain) in humans and horses, and many birds.
Ebola. The name rings with the fear of a horrible death. The interesting thing is, it's not as bad a what you probably conjured up in your mind when you read "Ebola". The Western news media has significantly hyped up the dangers of the virus. In the US, Ebola is virtually synonymous with death! During the current unprecedented worldwide outbreak there have been about 5,000 deaths due to Ebola. Compare this with Influenza, which causes nearly 20,000 deaths every year!
For approximately three-thousand years, smallpox has ravaged and plagued the four corners of the globe. In fact, in the 17 th and 18 th centuries, it was claimed to be the most infectious disease in the West, with an astounding 90% mortality rate in America. It wasn't until 1796, with English surgeon Edward Jenner's smallpox vaccination, that the world saw relief from this devastating virus. However, even with this inoculation in use, the world continued to witness death from both the virus and the vaccine. In the year 1966, it was estimated that 10-15 million infected citizens world wide had passed away from smallpox that year alone ( “History” 12). As a result of these devastating numbers, in the following year, 1967, the World Health Organization (W.H.O.) created a program to eradicate the smallpox virus. Ten years later, in 1977, the estimated 10-15 million cases had dwindled down to one; a man in Somalia. Three years later, W.H.O. officially announced that smallpox had been eradicated, leaving the only remaining virus cultures stored and guarded in laboratories in Russia and the United States. Inoculations ceased, smallpox epidemics were non-existent, and the virus was no longer a concern. In order to ensure complete eradication of this deadly virus, the W.H.O. insisted that the remaining smallpox cultures be destroyed by 1999 ( “Smallpox Eradication” 2). However, despite the W.H.O.'s recommendation, the remaining cultures continue to be contained and protected to this day, five years after the suggested date of elimination.
The Ebola virus was discovered in 1976. It has four strains, each from a different geographic area, but all give their victims the same painful, often lethal symptoms.
...1976, scientists have not developed a complete understanding of the virus, such as it’s natural reservoir. The non-specific symptoms make it difficult to clinically diagnose, though there are laboratory tests that can be done to help diagnose patients. Ebola Haemorrhagic Fever also spreads quickly and easily, especially in hospitals where the proper safety precautions are not taken. Thankfully, scientists and doctors have made a successful vaccination that worked on monkeys and are working on one that will work on humans, hopefully helping decrease the dangerously high death rate and help save many people that may one day become infected.
Kantians believe that we should avoid treating others as mere means.(877) In other words we should not make false promises, physically force a person to do what we want, use threats, or take advantage of someone’s desperate situation and make unjust offers.(877-878) These are examples of treating people as mere means because these people will not have the opportunity to make a reasonable choice for themselves. Either because they don’t have the complete information, their wellbeing is on the line, or simply because there is no just offer on the table. We are also to treat others as an end in themselves(878), meaning that we have to respect their autonomy, and their freedom to make choices for themselves. But according to O’Neil it’s not enough to treat others as an end in themselves. In her duty of beneficence she argues that we cannot treat others as end in themselves if they have limited rationality or autonomy (878-879). She derives her idea from Kant’s idea of imperfect duty which aims to promote helping others to reach their potential.(). Therefor based on these principles it makes sense for us to help reduce world famine, because the people affected by this issues are very venerable, and their autonomy is undermined. The only way to ensure that they are treated as rational human beings is if we helped them. It’s important to
Thesis Statement: The deadly virus Ebola is killing thousands of innocent people world wide, but there are some simple steps that are being taken to prevent this coming tide of death.
...ary 2014)”. The Ebola epidemic helps remind the U.S. That other nations are there to work with them, and unite to prevent a rapid growing disease. CDC partners with programs from other nations, such as the Global Disease Detection Centers, and the Field Epidemiology Training Program, which work to stop the Ebola virus. Information systems will grow stronger, more partnerships dedicated to stopping outbreaks will be formed and laboratory security will also grow. The writer of the paper cannot agree more to this.
It took me a long time to decide on which world event impacted me the most. I mean, there has been so many that have influenced me in different ways. I realized, though, the single event that has challenged my worldview, is the outbreak of Ebola. I know there have been a lot of events in my lifetime that could have affected me. However, I never really cared about what was going on in the world until recently and Ebola has a lot to do with that.