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The ethnography, Dude You’re a Fag: Masculinity and Sexuality In High School, written by C.J. Pascoe observes the roles of gender and sexuality in high school. Pascoe’s main goal was to study the interaction between sexes and how males constantly feel the need to be superior to females; she figured there was no place better to study these topics than at your average high school. In her 18-month study at a high school in California called River High, Pascoe examined masculinity and how it is constantly stressed and protected by young men. Throughout the ethnography it is clear that heterosexuality is stressed in a high school environment. The idea of male dominance in Pascoe’s work is not only presented through the behavior of the students, but also through the language and dialogue.
The author approaches her topic of study in a creative way. The author has the ability to take the information given to her and make it have greater meaning.
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Pascoe gives larger importance to the things that are presented right before her eyes. Pascoe’s writing is also very interesting and relatable. Being a high school student just last year, it was inevitable that I was going to compare what my high school was like to the one that Pascoe was studying. The author does a fantastic job in paying close attention to specific details throughout the every day life of a high school student. By incorporating actual dialogue from students and behaviors that they engaged in, as well as behaviors the staff of the school has engaged in, the audience is able to feel as though they were along side the author while she was doing her research. A main part of Pascoe’s observations consisted of the language the students used. Pascoe came up with the idea of a “fag discourse,” which not only applied to homosexuals, but also to males who were heterosexual but just not manly enough to some of the young males. In this society, the word “fag” does not only apply to homosexuals, instead it is just used to insult a person who did something less masculine. I think it is interesting that before I read the ethnography and really thought about how the males were treating each other, everyone had just focused on the females as being the ones who were vicious and horrible to one another in high schools. After Dude You’re a Fag and analyzing Pascoe’s observations of the males in River High, my views on the situation have altered. I have realized that the men are also brutal, if not worse than females, to each other and to young women. In order for Pascoe to be successful and for her work to be accurate, she had to make sure that she fully immersed herself in the high school life.
In the appendix of the ethnography, Pascoe tells her readers essentially what kind of person she is and how she collected her data throughout her studies. In the appendix, she identifies what her own experienced were like while at the school. Although at times it was probably hard for her, Pascoe had to no choice but to also deal with the students just like if she were another student or teacher. Even though it was important for the author to stay gender neutral throughout the entire time she was observing the school, there were times when this was exceptionally difficult for her. In this section of the writing, the author identifies a time in her research when she personally felt intimidated and invaded by one of the boys and how she dealt with the situation. It is interesting to see that even Pascoe fell victim to one of the young males during her 18-month period at the
school. Pascoe’s devotion to her work for 18-months was certainly worth the long hours. She did an extraordinary job submerging herself in the high school environment. If I were able to speak to C.J. Pascoe I would ask what she would do if she were an actual female student at River High. I would ask her what kind of person she would be, or what group she would be apart of after seeing just how brutal the males are to each other and to women. Would she try and make a change in how society is functioning?
In the article “Dude You’re a Fag: Adolescent Homophobia” the author uses pathos and logos to convey the audience the main point of her article. Rhetorical modes such as exemplification and description are used. C.J. Pascoe is trying to argue that the word “fag” or “faggot is not mainly used as a homophobic slur within high school boys, but more commonly used to describe unmasculinity.
In Kimmel’s essay “’Bros Before Hos’: The Guy Code” he argues that the influence of society on masculinity is equal to or greater than biological influences on masculinity. In the essay, Kimmel uses various surveys and interviews to validate his argument. He points to peers, coaches, and family members as the people most likely to influence the development of a man’s masculinity. When a man has his manliness questioned, he immediately makes the decision never to say or do whatever caused him to be called a wimp, or unmanly. Kimmel’s argument is somewhat effective because the readers get firsthand accounts from the interviewees but the author does not provide any statistics to support his argument.
...e does not discuss what she is writing, while she is writing it. She is afraid that if she speaks of it, it will wear out her idea. She says, “If you want to be a writer, I have two pieces of advice. One is to be a reader. I think that's one of the most important parts of learning to write. The other piece of advice is: Just do it! Don't think about it, don't agonize, sit down and write”.
The form of literature is written and told in the form of the first-person perspective short story but in storytelling form. At the beginning, she was trying to tell readers her stories during her medical school experiences and how she felt that due
used as this can give a good insight into the author and on this note,
I think that the good novelist tries to provide his reader with vivid depictions of certain crucial and abiding patterns of human existence. This he attempts to do by reducing the chaos of human experience to artistic form. And when successful he provides the reader with a fresh vision of reality. For then through the symbolic action of his characters and plot he enables the reader to share forms of experience not immediately his own. And thus the reader is able to recognize the meaning and value of the presented experience as a whole. (Kostelanetz 10)
...s among what appears as un-related items are involved opening the minds of readers to think more about what they are reading. This broadens the horizon for newer methods of writing, and at the same time it provides not just a lesson in writing, but also a lesson in reading and thinking. It helps readers to open their minds about the things they read even it is a strange way of going about writing. Although the technique and structure of her work is very peculiar, it is a lesson on reading, writing, and thinking. Without writers like Susan Griffin, new methods of writing such as the one she used would never exist rather relying on the more mundane methods. New avenues would not be explored, because connections not normally analyzed would never be presented such as comparing the past and present, public life and private life, an individuality and collective living.
‘Dude, You’re a Fag’: Adolescent Masculinity and the Fag Discourse - C. J. Pascoe 2005
Aaron Devor’s essay “Becoming Members of Society: Learning the Social Meanings of Gender” describes how despite popular belief, gender and sex are not directly related and how social norms affect individual’s choice of gender. Devor‘s main argument is that gender is not determined by genitalia, but instead by the individual's own choices. Michael Kimmel’s essay “Masculinity as Homophobia” claims that gender equality is a positive thing for males and that social norms force men to act a certain way. Kimmel’s main argument is that men are always having to protect their masculinity in order to prevent themselves from appearing weak. Both authors present compelling arguments for both gender equality and for how social norms influence individuals’ gender choice. However, the two authors approach the same topic in different ways. Kimmel takes a more laid-back approach to the topic by using simple words and a conversational tone that relates to the casual gender sociologist. Devor writes a more sophisticated essay using complex terms and a more formal tone that relates to the serious sociologist that research gender studies.
...ve begins generating rumors for male peers who do not qualify as a stereotypical male. For instance, Olive pretends to have sex with a male peer during a popular house party (Gluck, 2010). This imaginary hook-up benefits the male peer’s bullying dilemma. Again, gender policing occurs between men when masculinity is questioned (Kimmel, 2008). “One survey found that most Americans boys would be rather be punched in the face than called gay” (Kimmel, 2000, p.77). The gender police govern Olive’s and the male peer’s status in social standings. America’s obsession with sex disregards if a girl truly sleeps around.
“Boys will be boys, and girls will be girls”: few of our cultural mythologies seem as natural as this one. But in this exploration of the gender signals that traditionally tell what a “boy” or “girl” is supposed to look and act like, Aaron Devor shows how these signals are not “natural” at all but instead are cultural constructs. While the classic cues of masculinity—aggressive posture, self-confidence, a tough appearance—and the traditional signs of femininity—gentleness, passivity, strong nurturing instincts—are often considered “normal,” Devor explains that they are by no means biological or psychological necessities. Indeed, he suggests, they can be richly mixed and varied, or to paraphrase the old Kinks song “Lola,” “Boys can be girls and girls can be boys.” Devor is dean of social sciences at the University of Victoria and author of Gender Blending: Confronting the Limits of Duality (1989), from which this selection is excerpted, and FTM: Female-to-Male Transsexuals in Society (1997).
It is crucial to the success of America’s schools to understand that a mixture of cultures creates a mixture of identities.... ... middle of paper ... ... Sex Roles, 36, 747-770.
I intend to display how the author uses a variety of techniques to represent and achieve the chronicler...
Hegemonic masculinity is the belief in the existence of a culturally normative ideal of male behavior. This ideal among other things includes the belief that men should be big, strong, and athletic. Sports, especially contact sports, reinforce this idea, as an athlete is seen as the ideal of what it means to be a man. The general belief associated with gay men is that they posses none of these traits and are thought to be feminine. These normative beliefs are not the case and are actually st...
The sentence structure and diction used in the author’s work provides the reader with the overall sense of an