Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde

959 Words2 Pages

Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde Man is not truly one but truly two writes Dr. Jekyll in his full statement of the case. In a way this idea of Stevenson's foretells Sigmund Freud's theory of the constantly fighting Id (inner child); ego (the part restrained by the self) and the superego (the restraint picked up from society). In both Freud's and Stevenson's ideas, the different parts of the psyche are constantly fighting Victorian society was very restrained: table legs had to covered up for fear of men seeing them as women's legs, it was a bit like the Christian right of the U.S.A today with capitalism, patriotism, individualism, organised religion and sexual morality all very strong. All this meant that each person had a very strong superego: Mr. Hyde was someone, or something that had no superego or ego. He was like a child: he took what he wanted when he wanted it. Despite the imposed morality of the time, there were a lot of double standards. Most of the concepts of morality are also contradicted. Karl Marx, a political writer and thinker at the time saw society as the struggle between the two classes, another double, the upper class (the bourgeoisie) who exploited the working class (the proletariat). Marx envisaged the proletariat overthrowing the bourgeoisie and thus creating a communist society. This became a major fear of the bourgeoisie. Maybe Mr. Hyde was a manifestation of the bourgeoisie fear and double standards. He was certainly fearful and clearly had double standards. Mr. Hyde could also be seen as a symbol for the proletariat, and Dr. Jekyll as a symbol for the bourgeoisie. Dr. Jekyll refers to Hyde as his 'lower elements' Dr. Jekyll exploits Mr. Hyde but gradually loses control until Hyde overthrows Jekyll. Whether Stevenson was aware of Marx's theories at the time he wrote The Strange Case is not clear The phrase 'lower elements' can also be applied to another revolutionary thinker at that time: Darwin. Maybe Hyde was lower on the evolutionary scale than Jekyll, or anyone else: he was shorter; he

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