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Nature and nurture debate
Nature vs. nurture controversy
Nature vs nurture controversy
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To start David’s transformation began by “using tape to flatten the breasts”, and dressing like his brother, Brian (183). Soon enough, he began to grow facial hair, and “grew over an inch in height”(183). To his family, friends, and doctors, he finally seemed to be truly happy. In 1980, David then underwent a double mastectomy, which is having both breasts surgically removed. About a year later, David went through another surgery, which was to fabricate a “rudimentary penis” (184). He also took a “lifelong course of testosterone injections” (216).
After having an encounter with his girlfriend, David had to explain to her what happened to him as a child, and because of what he told her, it is believed that she told everyone his “secret”. David had begun to feel ashamed and ridiculed, just like he was throughout his childhood. As a result of this, he attempted to take his life, twice. The first time he overdosed on his mother medication, and the second attempt, he did overdosed as well, but also tried to drown himself. Although, once he recuperated, Brian introduced him to a young woman, Jane. Ultimately they began to develop feeling for one another and soon enough, got
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His case was also known as the “John/Joan” case (216). Dr. Milton Diamond was the one who renamed David’s case, in order to ensure some privacy. Additionally, he gave the world his perspective on the topic of Nature vs. Nurture. From his stance, nature conquers nurture. He believed that no one can force a gender or a sexuality on someone. A person cannot nurture a boy or a girl, into the opposite sex. Conversely, Dr. John Money believed that if under the right environment, a person can turn a baby boy/girl into the opposite sex. For example, Ron and Janet making who was Brenda, wear dresses, play with dolls, wear makeup, and act “like a
David, the main character in the book, realizes that his girlfriend Hilary has cheated on him. To make things even worse she is cheating with one of his friends from the football team, Sam. David tries to talk to Hilary but she thinks he hasn’t been the same since his mother died about a year ago. Later, David beats up Sam at a party.
...reduction for excessive or out of balance hormones, and new surgeries that are rapidly becoming popular within the male race are face lifts, ear corrections, and penile enlargements (Donohoe, 2006). All procedures pose a high risk, but it seems that the individuals going through such measures could care less as long as they’re bodies and looks are up to standards.
He lived a perfect life and was blessed with perfect parents. Everyday is a new adventure filled with fun. He loved his life and his family. After Abuse: a. David came to believe that there was no god because "No God would leave me like this" Pg.131. He had totally disconnected himself from all the physical pain.
At first, David cares that his mother treats him badly. After awhile, he doesn’t care and becomes apathetic.
1. In the book, the father tries to help the son in the beginning but then throughout the book he stops trying to help and listens to the mother. If I had been in this same situation, I would have helped get the child away from his mother because nobody should have to live like that. The father was tired of having to watch his son get abused so eventually he just left and didn’t do anything. David thought that his father would help him but he did not.
Other examples of physical abuse which David received included the never ending punches from his mother when she felt they were acceptable, when in truth, they were for pure pleasure. Also, the burning incident his mother performed on him because “[He] made [her] life a living hell!” and it was “time [she] showed [him] what hell [was] like!” (Pelzer, 28). This incident David depicted for the reader included his mother forcefully placing his arm above a burning flame upon the kitchen stove. The physical abuse David endured was one in which he would never forget. Luke and Banerjee state that children who are abused physically are more likely to develop “problematic peer relationships” aside from their peers who do not receive maltreatment. David is an
By making that decision to send his daughter away based on his past experience with his sick sister and an assumption about how the future will be. This connects to the ethical topic of techniques of neutralization by Joseph Heath. He uses an excuse to prove that his decision wasn’t unethical when it really was. According to the Denial of responsibility technique, he believed that he had no choice in sending Phoebe away, David saw it as the only option because he was so focused on his past experience. He imagined what Phoebe’s life would be like and the likely toll she would have on the family.
Dr. Money wrote many different books and professional essays, one of the most important cases were the Twins case. Bruce and his twin Brian who were six months old when they were diagnosed with Phimosis, because of how they both urinated. At the age of seven months they were referred for circumcision, the procedure did not go as doctors had planned and Bruce's penis was burned beyond surgical repair. The doctors decided not operate on Brian whose phimosis soon went away without surgical intervention. The twins parents, Janet and Ron, were concerned about their son's future without a penis so they took him to John Hopkins Hospital in Baltimore to see Dr. John Money. Money seeing this situation as an opportunity to prove his theory right took advantage of the confused parents. Dr. Money told Jon and Janet that he believed that a penis could not be replaced but that a functional vagina could be put surgically, claiming that Bruce would be more likely to achieve successful sexual maturation as a girl rather han as a boy. The parents thinking that this is the best thing they could do for their son agreed to this. Bruce was now reassigned to be raised as a female and was given the name Brenda.
At first Doctor Money explained to the parents to nurture David as a girl. That seemed to work well until David began to notice changes to his body in a more masculine form. Doctor Money took a more physical approach and used genital differences between boys and girls to explain the difference. The twins were forced to strip naked and Doctor Money would ask David what the difference was between his brother’s genitals and his. Doctor Money believed that David would view himself as a girl when he would see that he does not have a penis, and that he was closer to being a girl as he just had skin in the crotch area. Nomothetic causality assumes that a casual relationship will occur. There are three core principles for nomothetic causality to occur in social research. The first principle is that variables must be correlated, the cause takes place before the effect and the variables must be nonspurious. A correlation occurs when one variable changes and it effects the other variable. In Doctor Money’s research, the two variables would have been the child’s sex and how it changes in regards to the way the child is being nurtured. His research did not have a correlation as he assumed that if a child was nurtured from birth to be raised as a girl, and then the child would grow up as a girl. However with Bruce that did not take place as he knew he was a by due to his masculine body changes around the age of 12. Doctor Money’s research did not seem to have be an example of nomothetic causality as it lacked to connect to the
David finds it difficult communicating with her hence, attempts to express his feelings by writing to her but at the same time he fears that she won’t be able to apprehend what he is trying to
David growing up as a child lived in a house where there was no love shown or caring relationships. He grew up not knowing what good relationships looked like or felt like. David did not think too highly of his dad or aunt and always had
teacher. After hearing his father say that, David feels that he has to hide his
Dr. P was an accomplished singer, a gifted painter, and a teacher. It was while teaching at school that the first onset of problems began. Dr. P would sometimes not recognized students faces when they presented themselves, although he was able to discern who was who by hearing their voice. Dr P. increasingly failed to see faces, and even saw faces that were not there. Initially, Dr. Sacks did not understand why this charming and educated man had been referred to him, although there was something rather odd with the way Dr. P oriented his eyes while addressing him. It seemed that, while talking and looking at Dr. Sacks, Dr. P focused on individual features—like his ears, nose, or chin—instead of looking at his face as a whole. It was while performing a routine neurological examination that the first queer experience took place. Dr. P made the strangest of mistakes, confusing his foot for his shoe. Dr. Sacks continued examining Dr. P. His vision seemed fine but he had rather curious responses to certain images presented to him. He picked up different individual features like a shape or color, but could not see the image as a whole. However, what bewildered Dr. Sacks was when Dr. P, suddenly assuming the session was over, grabbed his wife´s head and tried to put it on. He had apparently mistaken his wife for a hat!
A healthy set of identical twin boys, Bruce and Brian Reimer were born in August of 1965 to Janet and Ron Reimer in Canada. At the age of eight months old, the twins were recommended to undergo a circumcision because they had a hard time urinating due to the condition phimosis. Unfortunately, during the procedure, the apparatus malfunctioned and it damaged Bruce’s penis. His parents then contacted Dr. John Money who was a medical psychologist at Johns Hopkins. He advised the Reimers to raise Bruce Reimer as a girl. Dr. Money convinced the parents that Bruce will be able to live a happy life as a girl because growing without a penis would be devastating. Bruce was named Brenda after the sex reassignment surgery at the age of 21 months old in 1967. Bruce was castrated and a vagina was constructed. The parents accepted their daughter and devotedly raised her as a girl named Brenda with help of the estrogen supplements to feminize the body and grow breast. The parents were ordered not to tell Brenda the truth of her gender.
Cosmetic surgery has become a vital component of modern-day society. It’s good has left the apprehensive glistening with confidence and poise. However, like everything else it’s bad has many times over shadowed and been disputed against. Its ability to replace flaws with ideal body features has left numerous patients with an obsession for the quest of perfection. Individuals go to large magnitudes in order to seek this perfection such as spending irrational amounts of money and for those who cannot afford these surgeries, traveling to different countries in order to get surgeries done. These surgeries that have levitated millions of insecurities have many times left the patient mentally unstable with obsession disorders or physically botched if not done correctly or by an unaccredited surgeon.