Introduction
In an educational setting disruptive behavior can have a negative effect on students, teachers, and other school faculty members. There have been many studies regarding how children behave in a school setting and how positive changes can be made (Sulzer-Azaroff et al. 1988). A study completed by White and Bailey (1990) addressed how to reduce disruptive behavior of students in a physical education setting. The study used a modified time-out procedure called sit and watch. When the procedure was implemented in two physical education classes, one alternative classroom and one regular classroom, there was a decrease in disruptive behavior. Along with the procedure, there was also a behavioral checklist, for the alternative classroom, and back-up procedures for the regular classroom.
Although the procedure showed that sit and watch was an effective procedure, there may be other reasons for the change. The study by White and Bailey (1990) also discussed that because there were other procedures implemented, besides sit and watch, the procedure alone could not account for the decrease in disruptive behavior and suggested that other studies would need to be performed to verify the results. The back-up procedure in the White and Bailey study (1990) consisted of the students losing either their computer time or losing their free play period for that day or more. Unfortunately, when the study was being performed the teacher decided to use these other procedures, which made it difficult for the authors of the study to clearly state that sit and watch is effective when it is not combined with other procedures.
In the current study, instead of using sit and watch to decrease disruptive behavior in a physical educatio...
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...e Journal ofApplied Behavior Analysis. Society for the Experimental Analysis of Behavior.
References
Bailey, Jon S. and White, Alicia G. (1990). Reducing disruptive behaviors of elementary physical education students with sit and watch. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 23, 353-359.
Horner, R.H., Carr, E.G., Halle, J. McGee, G., Odom, N., & Wolery, M. (2005). The use of single-subject research to identify evidence-based practice in special education. Exceptional Children, 71, 165-179.
Perone, Michael. (1999). Statistical Inference in Behavior Analysis: Experimental Control is Better. The Behavior Analyst, 22, 109-116.
Sulzer-Azaroff, B., Drabman, R. M., Greer, R. D., Hall, R.V., Iwata, B. A., & O'Leary, S. G. (Eds.). (1988).Behavior analysis in education from the Journal ofApplied Behavior Analysis. Society for the Experimental Analysis of Behavior.
Meichenbaum, D. H., Bowers, K. S., & Ross, R. R. (1969). A behavioral analysis of teacher
In my Behavioral Analysis class this semester, we were required to read several research articles detailing various studies conducted within the field of behavior analysis. As this is my major field of interest, I thought it both wise and prudent to share two of the more fascinating studies on my website. Behavior analysis is most commonly associated amongst the general public with rats and a laboratory setting. Pavlov’s conditioning and his dog salivating at the sound of a bell or rats being trained to press levers for food reinforcers most frequently come to mind when asked to give an example of behavior analysis’s capabilities. The field, however, is also extremely capable of creating lasting and effective treatments for people with developmental disorders and addiction.
Are teachers enforcing discipline mechanisms in a healthy way for children? Researchers would answer no to this question because of one major factor: removing recess from a child’s school day. In Jessica Lahey’s article, “Students Who Lose Recess Are the Ones Who Need It Most”, she states that “schools continue to take away recess privileges as a penalty for academic or behavioral transgressions”. Many teachers follow this procedure because they assume that they are teaching the child how to act with appropriate behaviors. However, it is a proven fact that eliminating a student’s recess results in a negative outcome. Therefore, recess should not be removed from a child’s school day because this recreation plays a role in their physical health,
Milgram, S. (1963). Behavioral study of obedience. Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology, 67(4), 371 - 378. Web. 3 June 2015.
Gravetter, F. J., & Wallnau, L. B. (2008). Essentials of Statistics for the Behavioral Sciences
In conclusion, the theory of behaviorism is based on observable behaviors for easier quantification and data collection. Effective techniques such as behavior intervention and discrete trial training originate from this school of thought. The approaches are very essential in altering the maladaptive behaviors in adults and children (Cherry, 2011). Today, conditioning and the use of reward and punishment are used to help people learn accepted behavior and in other cases to help them stop problematic behavior (Coon & Mitterer, 2008). This has made behavior modification and training easy and possible. Therefore, Dr. John Watson played a tremendous role in the transition of psychology from the work of earlier scholars to the modern scholars.
There are different ways that a teacher can deal with a student’s undesirable behavior. Some of these strategies are: positive reinforcement, negative reinforcement, punishment or extinction. The type of r...
It is important for all students to be able to learn in a safe and productive classroom but student misbehavior can be disruptive to that environment. Disruptive misbehavior can be mild and not impact student achievement or it can be serious and affect the entire classroom. Johnny is a fifth grade student who constantly interrupts the class by making faces. A classroom management plan will address Johnny’s individual needs and those of the class.
Mazurek, K. & Winzer, M.A. (Eds.). (1994). Comparative Studies in Special Education. Washington, DC: Gallaudet University Press.
The article thoroughly explained how the behavior system worked in their school and gave examples of how the program was implemented and showed improvements. In reading this article, it only provided little information behind the data that was involved in using the program. Overall, the article provided sufficient information has to how the technology can help improve classroom
In light of my School Experience (SE), I will be analysing, discussing and evaluating an aspect of classroom practice. The practice that I have chosen is ‘Behaviour Management’. Behaviour management plays a key role within the classroom and there are a number of techniques used by teachers on a day to day basis. I will look at these techniques in detail, analysing and evaluating them with the work of behaviour management authors and also taking into account my SE observations.
HYPOTHESIS STATEMENT Sometimes, when preferred staffs are preoccupied with other participants doing activities at the day program and attention is not directly given to Tyrone, Tyrone engages in aggressive behaviours which includes throwing furniture’s or objects to the floor. This is most likely to happen when Tyrone lacks one-one attention from staff at the day program. BEHAVIOUR CHANGE GOALS REDUCTION OF PROBLEM BEHAVIOUR Tyrone would throw furniture’s
Noncompliance has several negative impacts on an individual. Firstly, noncompliance to requests or instructions can hinder a child from learning. This is especially so for children who engages in noncompliance behaviours maintained by escape. A child’s learning will be affected if he is often out of the class, taking away opportunities for him to learn new skills. Thus, compliance with teacher instructions in classroom settings is critical for effective learning (Martens & Kelly, 1993). In addition, noncompliance affects social skills development as the child may learn to engage in inappropriate behaviours to gain attention or escape from demand. These inappropriate behaviours may in turn affect positive social interactions with his peers and teachers. Secondly, noncompliance also limits access to potential job opportunities, especially for growing individuals with learning and developmental disabilities. Ability to comply to instructions and requests from supervisor is a necessary skill required of an employee. In addition, noncompliance are often made worse when individuals engage in aggression or self-injurious behaviours to escape from demands. Noncompliance, coupled with inappropriate behaviours, ...
Classroom management, involving all the strategies used by teachers in order to provide order in the classroom, can be regarded as an essential for effective teaching and learning. According to Davis (1981), “basic classroom management is just plain good sense. Yet, it can be as personal as your private lifestyle” (p.79). One of the biggest challenge teachers face day in and day out is dealing with behavior of children and young pupils in classroom. Therefore, the classroom practice of individual teachers would be the key aspect of improving the behavior of pupils in schools (Hart, 2010). One of the significant attribute of promise to teaching, especially in classroom behavior management, is teacher’s sense of efficacy. According to Woolfolk-Hoy (2000), development of self-efficacy is essential for producing effective, committed and ardent teachers, Moreover, teachers who are trained to be more effective in meeting both academic and non-academic student needs create a positive and successful classroom environment for all students (Alvares, 2007). The importance of self-efficacy in behavior management has been highlighted by Martin, linfoot, and stephenson (1999) who proposed that teacher’ responses to misbehavior may be mediated by their beliefs about their ability to deal with behavior, as well as their beliefs about the causes of student misbehavior.
When one allows some form of behavior to thrive in the classroom without proper guidance, it quickly develops into unacceptable behavior. It is better to prevent classroom incivility than to deal with the consequences later on. The instructors can incorporate their expectations of behavior in the class syllabus and revisit them from time to time. These may include class attendance, lateness, and use of laptops during class, and side talking. Clear policies should be set regarding the punishments for breaking any of the set rules. The institution’s code of conduct and the penalties for grave breaches should also be included so that students are aware of the policies and the expectations of the institution (Miller et al.