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The strengths and limitations of attachment theory
Attachment theory and emotional development
The strengths and limitations of attachment theory
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Case Study Jesse is a high school student who presents with anxiety. It is clear that Jesse is adopted as he describes his birth parents. At a young age, Jesse’s biological parents were incapable o proving care for Jesse. As a result, Jesse feels abandoned by his parents. It appears Jesse feels. Most abandoned by his mother as he continues to describe her as a crack whore. It also appears he has some type of resentment giant his mom and has not been able to overcome her abandonment. On the other hand, he does not appear to have the same sense of abandonment and resentment towards his father. The therapist mentioned that during sessions, Jesse fantasizes and describes his father as some type of professional, for example, a novelist, racecar driver, or doctor. He seems to be some blame on the way his life is on his mother, however, puts no blame on his father. …show more content…
Jesse appears to have dismissive-avoidant attachment style.
During the session, Jesse excited clear characteristics of dismissive attachment style. Jesse answered questions in a guarded way and tried avoiding some questions. When asking about his feeling, Jesse becomes upset about having to express himself. As a child, Jesse did not get his needs met. As a result, without building personal and close relationships with others, he gets his needs met by others that do not lead to emotional intimacy. In the session, the therapist mentioned that Jesse felt as though he had a promiscuity problem however quickly brushes the issue away. Jesse states he believes he is providing service to the community by providing Adderall which he minimizes the severity by describing it as a vitamin. Though unhealthy behaviors Jesse finds a way to get needs met while still being
detached. Intervention To treat Jesse’s anxiety cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) will be used. CBT will be used because it is a popular treatment for anxiety disorders. Many studies have shown CBT to be effective in treating individuals with anxiety. Currently, Jesse is behaving provocatively and engaging in negative behaviors. Jesse has distorted thinking which effects his behaviors. He skips school, has a history of selling drugs, and engages in sex with multiple partners. In the session, Jesse stated he feels like he is screwed up. In our session, I would challenge Jesse on this belief. First I would ask Jesse why he thinks he is a screw-up. I will then help him evaluate and process his feelings of being a screw-up. This involves questioning the thoughts and beliefs he has. Another strategy that will be used in our session we will work on replacing negative thoughts with positive and more realistic thoughts. As we identify negative distortions we will develop alternatives to replace them with new thoughts that are more accurate and positive thoughts. Instead of negative and disturbing thoughts. We will work on identifying and developing positive qualities and affirmations. This is a good strategy for Jesse to use when he is faced with a situation where he begins to feel anxious. Jesse continues to describe his birth mother as a crack whore. However after reciting a call from a woman who may be his biological mother he releases that she may be richYour therapist may also help you come up with realistic, calming statements you can say to yourself when you’re facing or anticipating a sit. If Jesse does decide to return the woman phone call and decide he would like to meet her, we can work on processing the possibility of learning the women is his real biological wand what impact will have in his life. CBT is an effective intervention for anxiety as it promotes positive results in reducing symptoms. One advantage of CBT is cognitive reframing. During CBT therapist spend time on helping clients to reframe their negative thoughts and change their behaviors. CBT has many skills clients can learn. During CBT a significant amount of time on practicing skills. As these skills continued to be practiced in session, clients are able to implement them into their daily lives. When they are faced with stressful situations, they will be able to use positive strategies Although there are advantages to CBT, there are also disadvantages. One limitation of CBT is that it focuses on the present rather than the past. It addresses clients current issues and how it affects their behavior. CBT does not address past events that may be contributing factors to a client's presenting issues. In Jesse’s case, the abandonment by both his biological parents are contributing factors to his anxiety and behaviors. Another limitation of CBT is that it does not address family systems which often contributes to a clients mental health. To Jesse approval makes does not make any sense. As a result, he takes on the personality of someone who is provocative and independent, not really caring about anyone. For children who are abandoned, the reasoning behind their abandonment will always be a thought in their mind. As these continue to flow in their minds, it is easy for their unconscious to believe that there is something wrong with them. They may believe they are not loveable which cause them to be detached from others.
Getting a divorce is not an easy decision for most married couples. This separation process is even harder when children are stuck in the middle of the dispute. While having a class discussion about the short story “Big Jesse, Little Jesse”, from Oscar Casares’ Brownsville: Stories, many peers came to the conclusion that Jesse seems to blame his son’s disability and the different experiences it brings into Little Jesse's life for the lack of connection between the two. However, the young age in which Jesse became a father, which deprived him from the enjoyment of his own youth, could have affected the father and son relationship, leading Jesse to try and find similar interests he might share with his son to build a better bond.
The chapter “A Fathers Influence” is constructed with several techniques including selection of detail, choice of language, characterization, structure and writers point of view to reveal Blackburn’s values of social acceptance, parenting, family love, and a father’s influence. Consequently revealing her attitude that a child’s upbringing and there parents influence alter the characterization of a child significantly.
For someone who is very compassionate and always looking to help those less fortunate, Chris is, ironically, unable to forgive his parents’ mistakes. Krakauer reflects on Chris’s inability to forgive his father. “The boy could not pardon the mistakes his father had made as a young man…” (Krakauer 123). Forgiveness is important in Chris’ story because the resentment he has for his parents expands to other aspects of his life, and he begins to isolate himself. His isolation continues through college and ultimately leads...
When Jeanna became addicted so young she disrupted the normal development of the part of the brain that handles the abilities to plan ahead, handle complex tasks, and inhibit inappropriate behavior (Buzzed intro and Brain basics ppt slide 22). Jeanna showed the positive incentive theory of addiction. The hedonic value she gets from the methamphetamine does not equal the anticipated feeling. She expects the meth to make her feel numb, but she continuously has to take more and more of the drug to feel the same effect. As stated in our addiction powerpoint, “In chronic addicts, positive-incentive value of drug is out of proportion with pleasure actually derived from it” (Addiction ppt slide 9). This is important pertaining to the class because she is feeding her addiction more as she gains tolerance to the dosage of drug she initially took. The episode did not explain how severe her withdrawal was when Jeanna stopped using, but they did emphasize that she was using because of the pain of losing her son. I find this important because there is an emotional aspect to her drug abuse. She is numbing her emotional pain and this drives her to take more and more of the drug in order to reach the initial feeling she felt when she took meth the first time after her son
In the psychodynamic viewpoint the non acceptance of his father was always a traumatic thing for him to deal with. His father never told him that he loved him and was never proud of him until his sign...
In this article, IJzendoorn discusses the Adult Attachment Interview (AAI; George, Kaplan, & Main, 1985) and how it is related to it and the Strange Situation procedure (Ainsworth, Blehar, Waters, & Wall 1978). IJzendoorn states that the AAI is constant, without bias, and unrelated to IQ with good psychometric aspects. When considering alternative studies focused on the influence of childhood experiences on functioning later in life, the AAI demonstrates faithfulness to be out of the ordinary but also reliable. The main underlying consensus IJzendoorn wants his audience to take away from the first section in his article is the validity of the AAI and to introduce his understanding of how Fox’s (1995) speculations address doubts about the AAI’s reliability and validity.
Parent/Child relationships are very hard to establish among individuals. This particular relationship is very important for the child from birth because it helps the child to be able to understand moral and values of life that should be taught by the parent(s). In the short story “Teenage Wasteland”, Daisy (mother) fails to provide the proper love and care that should be given to her children. Daisy is an unfit parent that allows herself to manipulated by lacking self confidence, communication, and patience.
Imagine being raised in a corrupted family in the suburbs of east La, where everyday there is new conflict arising. This is the life that Jesse from the novel, Jesse by Gary Soto has to go through everyday and much more. Jesse’s father was killed in a work related accident and their family adopted a new Stepfather who has a nasty attitude to everyone due to his addiction of alcohol. His mother whom is a bystander in all of the situations does not take matters to her own hands allowing her kids to be verbally abused by the stepfather. Jesse miraculously overcomes one obstacle but continuously battles another situation, but he gains strength and wisdom, these circumstances forge him to be who he is, strong, caring, and adaptable.
David Sheff’s memoir, Beautiful Boy, revolves around addiction, the people affected by addiction, and the results of addiction. When we think of the word addiction, we usually associate it with drugs or alcohol. By definition, addiction is an unusually great interest in something or a need to do or have something (“Addiction”). All throughout the memoir, we are forced to decide if David Sheff is a worried father who is fearful that his son, Nic Sheff’s, addiction will kill him or if he is addicted to his son’s addiction. Although many parents would be worried that their son is an addict, David Sheff goes above and beyond to become involved in his son’s life and relationship with methamphetamine, making him an addict to his son’s addiction.
Criticisms of attachment theory have come mainly from the feminist schools of thought since the theory has been used to argue that no woman with a young child should work outside the home or spend time away from her baby (Goodsell and Meldrum, 2010). Children’s experience and development also depend on what happens after early years, whether bad or good later in life may change a child’s emotional development, e.g. lack of basic needs, diet, education, stimulation such as play might affect a child’s development (Rutter, 1981) Difference in cultures have to be taken into consideration as well. A study by Schaffer and Emmerson (1964) provided contradictory evidence from Bowlby’s attachment theory. They noted attachment was more prominent at eight months, and afterwards children became attached to more than one person. By one year six months only 13%of infants had one attachment. This study by Schafer and Emmerson (1964) concluded care giver can be male or female and mothering can be a shared responsibility. Social workers should therefore understand that parents are not totally responsible for the way the children develop. They did give them their genes and therefore do have some influence. Attachment theory also fails to consider the fact that the father and siblings, and other close relatives can also
In understanding others, one must first understand our own family background and how it affects our understanding of the world. Conversely, family systems draw on the view of the family as an emotional unit. Under system thinking, one evaluates the parts of the systems in relation to the whole meaning behavior becomes informed by and inseparable from the functioning of one’s family of origin. These ideas show that individuals have a hard time separating from the family and the network of relationships. With a deeper comprehension of the family of origin helps with the challenges and awareness of normalized human behaviors. When interviewing and analyzing the family of origin, allow one to look at their own family of origin
For example, Magai & Passman (1997) discovered a strong relationship between secure attachments and emotional well-being of middle aged adults, which extends to individuals later in life. Understanding the role of attachment and its psychosocial impact during later life is an important area that needs further research. In regards to TMT, close relationships offer security, protection, and give meaning to life (Mikulincer, Florian, & Hirschberger, 2003).
The boy appears to play the role of the responsible adult more so than the father does. The boy has typical signs of a child from today’s broken family relationships; he does not want to disappoint either parent. The boy s...
In society, many kids are exposed to drugs at a very young age such as Baby. Since Baby’s father is a heroin addiction, she would always experience Jules under the influence of drugs. Jules influenced Baby the most by exposing her to drugs which made her lose her childhood innocence. “I was very firm on the idea that I would become a drug addict too now. I didn’t care what drug I was going to be addicted too” (O’ Neill 72). Baby does not have any knowledge about drugs. She believes that her knowledge of drugs comes from her father and her father’s friends; majority of them were “junkies”. Jules’ addiction eventually got worse and he began to release his problems by abusing Baby; the relationship between her father and her becomes more distant. She feels that if she tries heroin, she will be able to become closer to her dad. At this point in time Baby is very vulnerable because she’s basically raising herself on her own; her dad is not there for her which leaves Baby with no choice but to let go of her innocence, due to adult temptation.
The story provides many sources for the boy's animosity. Beginning with his home and overall environment, and reaching all the way to the adults that surround him. However, it is clear that all of these causes of the boy's isolation have something in common, he has control over none of these factors. While many of these circumstances no one can expect to have control over, it is the culmination of all these elements that lead to the boy’s undeniable feeling of lack of control.