The last five decades have seen a remarked development in medical treatments. Perhaps the advance of antibiotics has been mentioned as one of these successes in the fight against injection. The progress, which is as important as the presence of antibiotics however, has been the introduction of vaccination programs. Results indicate that immunisation has contributed to the dramatic elimination of serious epidemic diseases (Bigham & Hoefer, 2001, p. 73). The emergence of vaccines therefore, has lessened significantly the spread of certain infectious diseases and saved many lives. This report will indicate the ways in which immunisation has helped to provide direct personal protection to children as well as the establishment of herd immunity. …show more content…
Initially, the impacts of side effects have become controversial concerns that prevent parents from immunising. According to Heininger (2009, p. 10), this drawback is assigned in different level of dangers involving mild, moderate and severe. Depending on different threatening levels that real reactions are non-interference, interference or inhibition with respect to normal daily activities. Further disadvantage mentioned in Bigham and Hoefer article (2001, p. 173) indicates the failure of vaccination to be 100 % effective as some children might possibly be infected albeit they were vaccinated. Likewise, Bond and Nolan (2011, p. 8) argue that the effectiveness of vaccination might diminish the impact of diseases instead of entirely averting them. Surprisingly, one of the adverse events is the overwhelming success of childhood vaccination to widen herd immunity in public. The interpretation of parents’ rejections vaccination programs relies on the necessary of injection while “the incidence in Canada of many vaccine-preventable diseases has decreased to such low levels…” (Bigham & Hoefer, 2001, p. 173). However, Plans-Rubió (2012, p. 75) emphasizes the maintenance of high immunisation rates is a significant tool to create this collective immunity, which aims in widespread elimination with respect to outbreaks of disease-causing bacteria. If the number of unvaccinated children increases steadily, the herd protection will eventually weaken until it might not afford to protect unvaccinated community. It will consequently lead to the reemergence of previous diseases and even increase considerably the disease
Health care is a major global issue that affects millions of people every day. In this paper I am going to review an important health care topic that includes childhood immunizations and religious exemption policies. Immunizations are one of the most cost-effective public health achievements that protect both individuals and the community as a whole. Vaccinated individuals help the community by creating what is called herd immunity for those who cannot be vaccinated due to age or current health conditions get some protection because the spread of contagious disease is contained. High vaccination rates and low incidences of diseases indicators of successful immunization programs.
This article focus on a document publishes in the Canadian Paediatric Society website, which can help council hesitant parent that refuse to vaccine their children due to safety concern. This article use research information and premeditated steps to exemplify the issue surrounding the use of vaccine on children. Research shows that health care provider has a major influence on parental decision. In addition, Doctors should take into consideration and understand parent’s specific concern, by taking the time to explain the evidence so the hesitant parents will have a better understanding and this will determine whether a child get immunize. The information that present in the article comes from the “CPS” Infectious Diseases and Immunization Committee, which is research and educational source. This article provide a clear information on what can happen if a child is not vaccinate, due to the facts that parents believe if their child is healthy and strong that they will disease free. However, most parents based their information on what they heard on the media and internet for example, that vaccine cause autism, there is no prove that it does, however things like that will make any parents not want to vaccine their child. There are consequences of a parent not having their child. In Ontario if a child is not immunize they are, not allowed in the school system, this is due to the risk that may occur. For example, a child who is vaccine, but may have a low immune system will mostly like catch whatever disease or bacteria when he encounters that specific chi...
Since Edward Jenner’s first inoculation of the smallpox virus science has made leaps and bounds in the development of vaccines. Today the CDC recommends at least 16 vaccines for children. Through vaccines and crowd immunization we have eradicated polio and smallpox. There is no doubt that vaccines have helped human life grow and develop. However, there are growing concerns about side effects of vaccines. There are groups of parents who refuse to vaccinate their children. Groups like this have lead to outbreaks of diseases we have not seen in decades. While there are those who doubt the efficiency of vaccines it is clear that vaccines are our only option to eradicate disease.
Vaccinations have been used since 1796, when Edward Jenner created the first vaccine for smallpox (Alexandra). Since then, vaccines have destroyed several viruses such as smallpox and polio. Vaccines were not required of students attending schools until 1855, when Massachusetts enforced a vaccination law for smallpox. By 1920, over half of the United States passed vaccination laws requiring school children to receive a smallpox vaccination. Smallpox would later be eliminated in 1980. After the elimination of smallpox, many other life-threatening diseases would be discovered.
Some of the most fatal and dangerous diseases known to the human race are measles, polio, and diphtheria. Before the 1900s, these diseases caused communities to live in fear as they went about their daily activities. Since then, vaccines have been a solution created to prevent people from acquitting these horrendous sicknesses. “In the 20th and 21st centuries, many people in the United States have not personally encountered some of the diseases that are now vaccine-preventable” (p. 132). However, even with a major advancement in medicine, there are still children all across the United States that are being deprived of life saving vaccinations. The universal vaccination dilemma causes moral principles such as beneficence and justice to be debated continuously in regards to how nurses provide care to patients.
A vaccination is the injection of weak disease-causing agents that help the body develop immunity against specific infectious diseases ("Why Are Childhood Vaccines So Important?"). It is through these vaccinations that children will develop immunity without suffering from the actual diseases that vaccines prevent ("Why Are Childhood Vaccines So Important?"). The field of medicine has come a long way. Vaccines are considered to be one of the public health’s greatest accomplishments to date. With the help of vaccines and public health, the overall goal is to prevent disease and promote health.
Throughout the 21st century, the amount of medication consumed has inclined dramatically. One form of medication that is used by many is vaccination, which is very important to prevent illnesses and diseases such as measles, shingles, smallpox, etc. that anyone may encounter (“Importance of Vaccines”). Doctors and health specialists expect parents to bring their children vaccinated for the benefit of their healthiness especially young children. However, there are some who choose not to get vaccinated because they believe vaccinations have risks and disadvantages. They believe that the risks of getting vaccinated are a far greater risk than getting the probability of getting diseases. No matter what may the disadvantages
Vaccines have prompted some of the best public health triumphs continually, including the annihilation of smallpox from the globe and the close extermination of polio. They are the organisation of antigenic material to produce immunity to a disease, ameliorating the impacts of infection by a pathogen. The material administrated can either be live, yet debilitated types of pathogens such as bacteria or viruses, executed or inactivated, or refined material such as proteins. Little children are less resistant to diseases a couple of months after birth; it is therefore easier for them to become infected with a disease being passed around if they attend childcare with other children who might not be vaccinated. The Australian government should undoubtedly be able to prevent unvaccinated children from attending childcare centres; however, exceptions ought to be made for children unable to vaccinate due to undergoing treatment that compromises their immune system i.e. chemotherapy, or severe allergies to certain ingredients in vaccines.
“Childhood vaccines are one of the great triumphs of modern medicine. Indeed, parents whose children are vaccinated no longer have to worry about their child's death or disability from whooping cough, polio, diphtheria, hepatitis, or a host of other infections.” (Ezekiel J. Emanuel, 1). Vaccines helped humanity for many years in eliminating illnesses that disfigured, disabled and a lot of times took lives away. Children who do not get vaccinated not only risk themselves by being an easy target for diseases they also, harm everyone around them. In the end, today's children are the fuel of the future. Every parent should think carefully before taking any chance that may harm the coming generation.
It is very important that all children are immunised against diseases for the sake of themselves and everyone around them. Case in point, in March 2015, a baby named Riley passed away from Whooping Cough, a preventable disease. He himself was not old enough to be immunised but instead had to rely upon the immunity of other babies in his ward. Unfortunately, vaccination rates are as low as 83% in some places in Australia and in this case the lack of vaccinated children cost a life. Vaccinations undergo vigorous and numerous tests to ensure they are safe to use. Young children are most at risk of dying from these vaccine-preventable diseases. They are only new to the world and haven’t had the opportunity to build up their immune system. Giving them vaccinations to top up deficiencies they may have will provide the greatest chance of survival for them and everyone around them. The benefits far outweigh the risks. There are serious implications for those parents who do not support immunisation. In Australia, Child care centres, pre-schools and schools will not enrol children who have not been vaccinated unless they sign a Conscientious Objector Form, failure to do this can result in parents being reported to Child Protection Agencies for negligence. Unvaccinated children are also excluded from childcare, preschool and school for set periods of time when another student is sick with a vaccination-preventable
Vaccines are becoming increasingly hazardous for many children and parents are not being informed about the safety of their children. Current reports are linking vaccines to serious life-threatening disorders such as asthma, autism, immune system dysfunction, and mental retardation (Williams). These recent revelations are causing an increasing amount of people to claim religious and medical exemptions from vaccines. From 1999 to 2006, exemptions have more than doubled from 9,722 to 24,919 (Cronin). It is very clear that vaccinations are posing many problems for parents everywhere. Each day researchers are finding out about vaccines and are realizing that there are a lot more risks than benefits. Dr Phillip F. Incao explains: “Today, far more children suffer from allergies and other chronic immune system disorders than from life-threatening infectious disease. It is neither reasonable nor prudent to persist in presuming that the benefits of any vaccination outweigh its risk” (qtd in Spaker). While infectious diseases are becoming uncommon there is no need for any person to get vaccinated.
The number of vaccinations that a child has to receive is overwhelming to a child and parent. They will also be receiving boosters and other vaccinations throughout life. The ineffectiveness of vaccinations can also be a factor in a parent’s choice. Side effects are the main concern between parents’ decision of whether to vaccinate their children. Not everyone believes that vaccinations are helpful; it should be a parents’ choice whether their child should be
According to World Book Advanced Encyclopedia, immunization is defined as the process of protecting the body against disease by means of vaccines or serums (Hinman). While medical science backs up the efficiency and necessity of vaccines, within the past decade, a rise in parents disbelieving the medical community and neglecting to immunize their children has occurred. This “fear of vaccines” is nothing new, but with the ever-increasing safety of vaccines, the benefits of inoculation far outweigh the risks. Parents who refuse to vaccinate, or anti-vaxxers, put more than their children’s lives on the line, but also risk the safety of the whole community. Because vaccines are essential to protecting individuals and communities
This, in turn, will deteriorate the prevalence of preventable diseases and hence decrease the likelihood that medically incompatible individuals will contract them (Kim, T. H., Johnstone, J., & Loeb, M., 2011). According to the World Health Organization, “The decline of disease incidence is greater than the proportion of individuals immunized because vaccination reduces the spread of an infectious agent by reducing the amount and duration of pathogen shedding by vaccinees, retarding transmission” (Andre, 2008). This enables a significant percentage of individuals who oppose vaccines to reconcile with those who do not, as this eliminates the concern regarding adverse reactions. According to an article titled “Vaccine herd effect,” herd immunity has pervaded many communities to help minimize the spread of disease. For example, in the 1990s, a vaccine was introduced that targeted a strain of disease known as streptococcus pneumoniae, which can potentially cause pneumonia. The CDC discovered a fifty percent reduction in pneumonia cases among the elderly despite the vaccine being offered primarily to children (Kim, T. H., Johnstone, J., & Loeb, M., 2011). This scenario is indubitably a prime exemplar for herd immunity, and it is the greatest reason that mandatory inoculation is
Despite the important and positive benefits of vaccinations, some people believe that vaccinating their children can cause serious health problems. Psychological, social, and cultural factors can also play a role in the parents’ decision in whether or not they wish to vaccinate their child (M. Ruijs., 2012). I feel that is it personal responsibility of all parents to vaccinate their children. Despite any pain or discomfort that a child may experience from the given injections, vaccinations are in the best interest of the child. It is very important to vaccinate children as it will protect them against many serious and potentially fatal diseases. Vaccinations are fast acting, harmless to the recipient, and extremely effective.