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Animal rights history essay
Animal rights history essay
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PHL100
Prompt 1
Baraa Abukhudhayr
March 12, 2014
Final Paper
In her essay, “The Difficulty of Reality and the Difficulty of Philosophy,” the American philosopher Cora Diamond discusses animal rights and our obligations as human beings to nonhuman animals. Diamond has a fascinating philosophical take on the matter of animal rights. She is concerned with reminding people that they are animals. They are just another species among a plenty of others. Diamond uses the idea of the existential other to remind us of our animality, because it is in our shared mortality that humans and animals are alike. Furthermore, our morality is simply a human construction that allows us to talk about others from a distance as Diamond calls it the “language-game” (Diamond, 45). In essence, we view ourselves as different, separate or better than those animals because of the separation that we emphasize between mind and body, forgetting that we are animal as well. By placing the animal in a position of equality which is the place of the other, we should find compassion and sympathy for it.
In her essay, Diamond states that “the difficulty of reality shoulders us out of life” (Diamond, ). What Diamond means here is that our morals, concepts, and actions in our ordinary life, pass by the difficulty of life as if it were not there (Diamond, 58). If we try to see this difficulty, it shoulders us out of life. This difficulty moves us out of life by the force of others which is against our will. Therefore, the difficulty of reality in Diamond’s sense is the reality's resistance to one’s ordinary modes of thinking and talking. It is the feeling of a discrepancy between concepts and experience. Significantly, this kind of difficulty may lead to a philosophi...
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...rent approach of conceiving the relationship between humans and animals. As she suggests, we need to grant animals rights and treat them ethically because as Diamond says, “animals cannot speak for themselves and claim rights for themselves as we can” (Diamond, 52). She wants us to behave differently to one another and to other species in respect to our shared affection. She wants us to realize the difficulty of life and act instead of avoiding and deflecting from these difficulties and problems. She encourages us to take philosophy as a guide to walk us through these difficulties. In respect to the rights of animals matter, she states that “philosophy characteristically misrepresents both our own reality and that of others, in particular those 'others' who are animals” (Diamond, 57), thus, it is our obligation as humans to realize this misrepresent and act upon it.
In his article entitled “Animal Liberation,” Peter Singer suggests that while animals do not have all of the exact same rights as humans, they do have an equal right to the consideration of their interests. This idea comes from the fact that animals are capable of suffering, and therefore have sentience which then follows that they have interests. Singer states “the limit to sentience...is the only defensible boundary of concern for interests of others” (807). By this, he means that the ability to feel is the only grounds for which rights should be assigned because all species of animals, including humans, have the ability, and therefore all animals have the right to not feel suffering and to instead feel pleasure.
Throughout history, societies have been faced with many social issues affecting their citizens. Martin Luther King Jr, a civil rights leader for African Americans, was an advocate for the Civil Rights Movement, a movement that fought to undo the injustices African Americans endure by American society in the 1960s. Martin expressed his disgust with the social inequality among citizens when saying “Injustice anywhere is a threat to justice everywhere” (PETA). Taking the prominent leader’s words into consideration, we should progress as a society by participating in the animal rights movement that strives to extend the same compassion, felt by Martin Luther King Jr, to all living things (PETA). Popular criticisms report that animals are inferior to humans because they are a source of food, but I will argue that they are victims of social injustice. Validity for my animal rights argument will come from individual and organizational expert accounts and by Bioethicist Peter Singer, Author Francis Fukuyama, New York Time’s Mark Bittman and also Animal Rights organizations, such as People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals (PETA), and Animal Equality, to help prove my argument. Animals are silent victims who are loudly crying out for someone to stand up for their rights; rights that can no longer be disregarded by being overlooked. It is my belief that animals should be respected, and afforded ethical and human treatment by society instead of being looked at as a source of food. In a society where animals have no voice, it is everyone’s civic duty to participate in the animal rights movement and acknowledge animals as living beings, which...
Lastly, he argues that sentience is the only characteristic that should be considered in terms of granting animal rights. This leads him to the conclusion that “if a being suffers, there can be no moral justification for refusing to take that suffering into consideration. The principle of equality requires that its suffering be counted equally with the like suffering – insofar as rough comparisons can be made – of any other being”. Before I continue, it is important to note the distinction that Singer makes between “equal considerations” and “equal treatment”. For Singer, “equal consideration for different beings may lead to different treatment and different rights”....
The animal rights movement is trying to get people to see exactly how animals have been treated. Most people see animal cruelty as “…unspeakable acts perpetrated by warped individuals mostly against dogs, cats, birds, and sometimes horses” (Munro, 512). Once seeing how countless animals have been treated, numerous people across the world are joining the cause to help these poor “nonhuman animals”. One reason that supports that animals deserve rights is that “non-human mammals over a year of age have mental capacities for memory, a sense of future, emotion, and self-awareness to a certain extent” (Dog˘an, 474). With this reasoning, animals have enough mental capacity to be considered subjects of life, and therefore deserve rights to support this thesis. Another reason states that “rights are defined in terms of capability of having interests” (Dog˘an, 481). Animals show an interest in living. As stated, “[a]nimals have a natural motive to live…[e]very day, they practice caution and care necessary to protect themselves. Their bodies are likewise structured for survival” (Dog˘an,
As an advocate of animal rights, Tom Regan presents us with the idea that animals deserve to be treated with equal respect to humans. Commonly, we view our household pets and select exotic animals in different regard as oppose to the animals we perceive as merely a food source which, is a notion that animal rights activists
In the essay “An Animals Place” by Michael Pollan he proposes the idea of ethical morality behind the consumption of animals. Pollan starts off the essay describing the instance in which he was introduced to the idea of animal rights. He proposes a complex argument between the dichotomy of humans and animals. But in the end, he leans towards the unity of animal and human: “For the time being, I decided to plead guilty as charged” (Pollan 684). Pollan was convinced by Singer who’s ideology of Animal Liberation made an impact on him and his thoughts.
Peter Singer suggests that “having accepted the principle of equality as a sound moral basis for relations with others of our own species, we are also committed to accepting it as a sound moral basis for relations with those outside our own species- the nonhuman animals.” (Singer, p. 1) Singer is right, and makes a strong case when he claims that we should give the same respect to the lives of nonhumans as we do to the lives of humans.
Singer’s thesis is that the intelligence, capabilities, or profitable values of animals does not make them lesser deserving of rights. This is rooted in the idea of suffering being the baseline instead of intelligence. Every animal can suffer, just as a human can, but a rock cannot. His abortion analogy shows that there may be specific considerations of rights more pertinent to one individual over another, but each is an equal to the other. Singer also points out that while one can easily decide not to be a racist, most of us are speciests because our only real contact with many animals is as food.
In conclusion, I agree with Tom Regan’s perspective of the rights view, as it explores the concept of equality, and the concept of rightful treatment of animals and humans. If a being is capable of living, and experiencing life, then they are more than likely capable of feeling pleasure and pain, except in a few instances. If humans are still treated in a respectable and right way even if some cannot vote, or think for themselves, then it is only fair that animals who also lack in some of these abilities be treated as equals. As Regan puts it, “pain is pain, wherever it occurs” (1989).
Animal rights have always been a topic of controversy. It is unclear whether animals have the same rights as humans or if they are not entitled to the same treatment. A person’s opinion can have a lot to do with their take on speciesism. Many object to the idea because they do not believe it is possible for humans and animals to share similar rights. I will argue with Peter Singer’s argument for equal consideration and the right to no suffering among all species.
Animals have been treat as if they are less equal in the moral sense. Over the recent years, the public has been more aware of the animal liberation movement. This movement opposes factory farms and animal experimentation; the movement demands animal equality. The animal liberation movement demands for the people to expand their moral capabilities, to recognize that animals should be treated as equals. However, it is hard for one to recognize that the moral inequality until it is forcibly pointed out to them. Peter Singer, author of “Animal Liberation,” has written about various ethical issues; widely known for his compassion and work on animal welfare. According, to Singer animals should not be held under immoral treatment by humans.
Albany: State University of New York Press, 1992. Call Number: HV4711.A5751992. Morris, Richard Knowles, and Michael W. Fox, eds. On the Fifth Day, Animal Rights. and Human Ethics.
Humans and animals have coexisted on Earth since the beginning of our existence. There is no doubt that our relationship to animals has inspired a plethora of ethical questions on how we should interact with them. German philosopher Immanuel Kant (1724-1804) presents his account of our duty towards animals, based on his deontological ethics. His account, however, does not adequately answer the question of how we should treat animals. In this paper, I will explain the reasoning behind Kant’s account, as well as present objections to his reasoning. I will conclude that Kant’s account is not coherent or plausible.
Obstacle is a double-edged sword, they both have double effects, which are advantages and disadvantages to people. For many of us it is easy to blame the obstacles instead of ourselves, and they don't recognize that they are the real causes of failure. When people accept the dilemma, they think they can see the failure through the dilemma, and these won’t change. We all need resilience because we can’t get happiness, success, and other elsa without meeting hardship along the way. The problem is if we limit our understanding of resilience, and we also limit our strain capacity. If we are going to change the status quo, it requires that we confront injury, hardship, and other obstacles. There is more than one way to solve anything, but if we’re
Humans place themselves at the top of the sociological tier, close to what we as individuals call our pets who have a sentimental value in our lives. Resource animal’s on the other hand have a contributory value within our lives: they provide us with meat and other important resources. In order to determine the boundaries between how we treat animals as pets and others simply as resources, utilitarians see these “resource animals” as tools. They contemplate the welfare significances of animals as well as the probable welfares for human-beings. Whereas deontologists see actions taken towards these “resources animals” as obligations regardless of whom or what they harm in the process. The objection to these theories are, whose welfare are we