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Personal learning process
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I travel by BART daily to and from school, getting on at the Colma station and exiting at the Embarcadero station in San Francisco. In the eight (or so) short weeks that I have been traveling via this route, I have easily memorized my routine. Typically, I get on the train at 8:15, right in the middle of the morning commute. From entering the turnstiles at Colma to climbing the escalator out onto the street at the Embarcadero stop, I am inundated by a barrage of stimuli. My olfactory, audial, and visual senses are constantly in use - processing all of the different stimulants. Although almost all of my senses are being utilized, for the purposes of this essay I will focus solely on the systems of vision and memory and how they relate to my morning commute via BART. I begin my trip by parking my car at the Colma parking garage and walking into the station. As I proceed through the parking garage to the station, I scan for cars. Merging into the flow of bodies, I continue on my way to the turnstiles. In an attempt to calm my jittery nerves I have made it a point to mentally run through each of the BART stops from my location to my destination (No matter how many times I make this trip I still worry about all of the “what-ifs”; what if I miss my stop? What if the train isn’t on time? Etc.). Out of the …show more content…
Due to the primacy effect and the recency effect, the three middle stops were the most difficult to recall. With the primacy effect, people tend to remember the first items well. While with its counterpart - the recency effect, the last items of a list tend to be remembered well. I had used a method called chunking - which breaks a list of items into specific groups/categories, thereby making them easier to memorize - to help me commit to memory the BART stops on my route. I broke the nine stops up into groups of three. With
In our daily lives, we constantly try to store and retrieve information from our memory. Sometimes the retrieval process is quite simple, while other times it seems to be almost impossible. An experiment was done to investigate the effect of list position on free recall. The serial position effect refers to the U-shaped pattern presentation on a free recall task. The accuracy of item recall depends on the order that the stimulus is presented. The serial position curve is an example of how the recency and primacy effect appears to have influence on recall. Primacy effect results from initial observations and it is believed that the first few items of the list is remembered the second best. The recency effect results from the final observations and it is believed that these are the items that are recalled the best. The regency and primacy effect lends support to the interference theory. This theory states that forgetting occurs as a result of interfering information with the recall information. There are two aspects to this theory- retroactive interference and proactive interference. Retroactive interference occurs when a participant has difficulty recalling old information due to the interference of newly learned information. The primacy effect is subjected to the retroactive interference. In contrast, proactive interference occurs when a participant has difficulty learning new information due to the already learned information. The recency effect is subjected proactive interference.
Do you ever wonder how our brains can remember so many things? Our minds are a lot like computers “we can draw on our past experiences in order to use this information in the present” (Sternberg, 1999). “Memory is a group of related mental processes that are involved inacquiring, storing, and retrieving information” (Psychology, page 228). “We have 3 main stages of memory our sensory memory, short- term memory, and long term memory.” I will be stating some interesting facts about each one. Beginning with our sensory memory, one of the facts I found from the book was that “The very brief time information is held in our sensory memory you “select,” or pay attention to, just a few aspects of all the environmental information that’sbeing registered
The Night Owl is a small shop in the middle of downtown Fullerton owned by Joe Rosati. Its main product is coffee. Rosati created The Night Owl with the idea that it would be a place where artists, musicians and like-minded people could come together and enjoy each other’s company. “Some of the best products are simple.” (Patel, 2012, para.9) People are more than willing to pay for a quality cup of coffee, more if it’s a specialty coffee. The product does not have to be complicated in order to be successful. The coffee industry and the coffee shop business has been booming in recent years, especially when it came to specialty coffees which are the main focus on the shop’s menu.
Public transportation is one of those things that we trust will get us from point A to point B with no problems. We occasionally hear stories about planes crashing or trains derailing, but we shrug it off, thinking that it could never happen to us. These thoughts run through Luke’s mind as he arrives at the station. He puts the car in park and removes the keys from the ignition. Luke gets out of the car and heads toward the building, the air feeling as warm as it did the last time he was here. He pauses for a moment; it is days like this that he is reminded of that fateful day last summer.
The serial position effect has been studied extensively for many years. Researchers have designed a variety of different studies in order to analyze and explain both, the primacy and the recency effect. The primacy effect is the tendency for the first items presented in a series of words to be recalled more easily, or to be more influential than those presented at the end of the list. On the other end, there is also the recency effect. The recency effect is the tendency to recall the items located at the end of the list. Many studies have been designed to analyze how the primacy effect works and its accuracy. For instance, research compared the primacy and the recency effect (Jahnke, 1965). Forty-eight college students read lists of 6, 10, and 15 English words in a counterbalanced order. Twenty-four of the students were given instructions for the immediate serial recall of the list; while the other half of students were not aware that they would need to recall words from a list. Both groups received a total of 12 different lists. The words were read at a rate of one word per sec without any emphasis on specific word. In addition to that, the participants’ responses were recorded in an interval of 30 seconds. Results showed that the recency effect is stronger for free serial recall and for a longer interval than primacy effect (Jahnke, 1965). When instructions were given for a serial recall, primacy effects were stronger and recency effect weaker than when instructions were given for free recall. As the length of lists increased, the recency effect became stronger and more accurate.
Could someone commit a crime or murder while sleeping? Could someone drive 14 miles from home without waking up or wrecking? How do you determine if someone was sleepwalking when only the victim and offender would know that answer and one of them is dead? How do some people get away with the sleepwalking murder defense while others don’t? Many questions come to mind when sleepwalking and murder come into play. While asleep people have been known to talk, walk, do simple tasks, eat, fight with your spouse and even have sex, but when it comes to the murder defense it a whole other story.
People have shown to have better recall on certain tasks when they use specific memory strategies. There are many types of strategies that people can use to improve their memory, but everyone has an effective strategy that suites them most. For activities involving memorizing a list of 10 telephone numbers, chunking would be the best method because it helps aids the sequence of numbers. People can remember about seven items give or take two, which is between five and nine items (Shiffrin, R. M., & Nosofsky, R. M. 1994). There’s a certain amount of items that everyone can store in their short-term memory. That’s why it’s important for people to find an effective way of remembering all of the information.
The video and the short story were about discrimination and hate crimes against those who have different skin color, ethnicity, religion, disability. In both the video and narrative this central idea is developed gradually and even though they are different stories they both come back to the same main point; hate crimes against those who are different. In the narrative “One friday Morning” a black girls enters and wins an art contest for a scholarship, but in the end she is told to school won’t accept her because of her race. In the video it walks you through the civil rights movement and looks into all the discrimination laws and struggled these people went through.
Lunar sunrise and sunset rays are a rare phenomenon which occurs when shafts of sunlight shine through gaps in crater walls and mountains to cast a spike of light across a dark crater floor. They happen infrequently and only during sunrise and sunset when there is a very low angle of sunlight. The rays can range from thin slivers of light to triangular patches of illumination. They differ from lunar rays where debris from impact craters is strewn across the face of the Moon.
only a small amount is carried to the short-term memory store, which can hold up to 7 items for up to 12 seconds. If the memory is rehearsed enough times, it will be stored in long-term memory, otherwise the information disappears. An example of this would be the serial position effect, in which the primacy effect is where people can recall the first few items seen on a list and recency, in which people can only recall the last few words. Glanzer and Cunitz (1966) studied this concept using 240 enlisted Army men. The participants heard a list of items and were asked to recall any of the items they remembered in any order immediately afterwards, and the researchers found that the men were able to recall the first few words (primacy) and last words (recency) the best on the list compared to words in the middle, confirming that there are multiple memory stores.
Memory is the process of storage of data in the cerebral cortex area of the brain, and retrieval of the data through the reticular formation part of the brain (Baddely, 1992). Storage and retrieval of memory happen mainly by usage of the five senses which are; sight, hearing, smell, touch and taste. The retrieval of data using the memory happens after it is triggered by a stimulus through one or more of the five senses. There are different types of memory, including; short term, long term and sensory memory. The three types of memory work in relation to each other. First, the stimulus triggers one or more of the five senses stimulating the cerebral cortex which on its role obtain or reject this data, starting with the sensory then the short
This information could be used by everyone from Surgical Doctors to the average student to help them remember the material that they have associated with that particular scent. If an individual smells a particular scent while studying, and then smells that scent again when trying to recall that information, it will be easier for them than if they had not used the aroma. The goal of this experiment is to clarify if scent can truly help person recall information after they smelled it while
Transport system in both animals and humans is the movement of materials from one area, which is where they are produced to other locations in the system of the animals where it is needed. Without transport system, digestion, absorption or excretion would not occur. There are medium and mechanisms to facilitate transportation. Examples of materials which are transported are carbon dioxide, oxygen, hormone, urea and urine, glucose, amino acid, water, and ammonia. The medium of the transport system in the body is the circulatory system which carries blood, lymph and haemolymph. This system allows the blood to carry essential nutrients such as amino acids, oxygen, and hormones to the cells in all parts of our body to ensure they
When most people think about an eventful or memorable place, they almost certainly would not picture a bus. As we all know, buses are not exactly attractive. The design scheme is the same in almost every bus: rows and rows of brown seats, a thin black aisle down the middle of the bus, hundreds of hazy windows, and the big, lemon-yellow exterior. Not many people, I am sure, would consider buses to be an important part of their lives. However, if a person were to think about it, they would realize that they probably have had at least one memorable experience in their life that took place on a bus.
I chose to do a video/music project because it is something that I enjoy doing. I also think that it is one of the ways I am good at expressing myself. Some of the photos used in the video are from my wedding and others are from various mountainous locations I’ve hiked. The music I used not only expresses what I wanted to get across in the video but also what I listen to all the time. I didn’t randomly find songs on YouTube, I chose those songs and others to express the emotions and situations in my project.