Descriptive Epidemiology Studies

1554 Words4 Pages
bulb-icon

Recommended: Epidemiology paper

EPIDEMIOLOGY
Superior labral anterior to posterior (SLAP) lesions are a type of biceps related pathology found in a wide range of populations. In a retrospective review of 2375 shoulder arthroscopies, Snyder, Banas, & Karzel (1995) found the incidence rate was only 6%. Recently, Level III evidence found 9.4% of people had a SLAP lesion out of 4,975 cases (Weber, Martin, Seiler, & Harrast, 2012). A descriptive epidemiology review of 25,574 SLAP lesions found the incidence rate went from 17.0 SLAP lesions for every 10,000 patients to 28.1 lesions per 10,000 people (Zhang et al, 2012).
A higher incidence rate was found in people who are 20 to 29 years of age, and those who are 40 to 49 years of age (Zhang et al., 2012). In a blind assessment …show more content…

A descriptive epidemiology study conducted by Chambers et al. (2016) in the National Football League showed 65 SLAP tears and a retrospective study conducted by Funk and Snow (2007) examined 51 professional rugby players who underwent shoulder arthroscopies and found lesions. A case series with level IV evidence identified 68 out of 119 throwers who came in with should pain had a SLAP lesion (Fedoriw, Ramkumar, McCulloch, Lintner, 2014). The repetitive nature and extremes of shoulder positions places added stress on the labrum (Wilk, Macrina, Cain, Dugas & Andrews, …show more content…

MR arthrography, a further refinement of MRI by injection of contrast agent into the shoulder yields greater detail of intra-articular shoulder structures than does conventional MRI (Cools, 2017). A retrospective analysis done by Iqbal et al. (2010) reported that out of 124 patients referred for MR arthrogram with clinical suspicion of SLAP lesions, 36 of them were diagnosed with SLAP lesion in MR arthrogram and 22 only proved as SLAP by arthroscopy, with sensitivity (95.5%) but slightly lower specificity (85.7%). Similar findings in a comparison of 104 MRI and MRA findings revealed MRA’s to be more sensitive in the diagnosis of SLAP lesions (Dinauer, Flemming, Murphy & Doukas,

Show More
Related

  • STAR-Shoulder Classification

    1287 Words  | 3 Pages

    On History- The patient was a 49-year-old Caucasian male with a chief complaint of pain and weakness in R shoulder abduction and external rotation (dominant shoulder). He was a retired baseball player. He has been a baseball pitcher for 12 years before he retired 5 years

    Read More

  • NFL Held Responsible for Brain Injuries

    1121 Words  | 3 Pages

    The average NFL player takes up to 1,000 blows to the head throughout their football career. Some of those blows can have the force of a sledgehammer (“RealNatural”). Based on a research study by Dr. Jesse David, there were 265 concussions reported in the 2012 season, during the 2011 season there were 266 concussions, and 270 concussions in 2010 season (Kacsmar). It has been known that repeated blows to the head can cause long-term brain damage since at least the 1950’s, long before most of the NFL players had begun their careers (“RealNatural”). Past infractions of the NFL have already resulted in over 4,500 forme...

    Read More

  • Females Are More Susceptible to ACL Tears

    788 Words  | 2 Pages

    Tearing the ACL is now considered an epidemic in the United States over 100,000 recorded incidences are reported each year (Moeller). While such a finding may be good for orthopedic doctors and surgeons, this is not good for millions of athletes’ competing these days in high intensity sports. This is especially a problem for female athletes who are two to four times more likely to tear their ACL than men (Moeller). This is one of the biggest mysteries about ACL tears is the difference between the number of injuries seen in women and men. Women tend to tear there ACL far more frequently then men. While not everyone agrees that gender itself is the source of the problem, evidence is growing that females are learning too late that participating in sports can also become the first step to ruining an active lifestyle.

    Read More

  • Rotator Cuff Tears

    1510 Words  | 4 Pages

    When comparing rotator cuff tears from the common people and athletes, they are much more common when a person is physically active in sports. An injury in the rotator ...

    Read More

  • Shoulder Impingement

    2567 Words  | 6 Pages

    The shoulder is the most complex joint in the body. It is capable of moving in more than 16,000 positions. Many of its ailments, including the most common ones, involve biomechanical mechanisms that are unique to the shoulder. The most common shoulder problem for which professional help is sought out for is shoulder impingement (Haig 1996). Shoulder impingement is primarily an overuse injury that involves a mechanical compression of the supraspinatus tendon, subacromial bursa, and the long head of the biceps tendon, all of which are located under the coracoacromial arch (Prentice 2001). Impingement has been described as a continuum during which repetitive compression eventually leads to irritation and inflammation that progresses to fibrosis and eventually to rupture of the rotator cuff. Because impingement involves a spectrum of lesions of tissue in the shoulder, a working knowledge of its structural relationships will facilitate an understanding of the factors that result in abnormalities. This paper will provide knowledge of the anatomy, biomechanics, and correct rehabilitation involved with shoulder impingement.

    Read More

  • Should Children Play Tackle Football?

    1412 Words  | 3 Pages

    Since football’s inception, it has been considered a manly sport. Young boys have been encouraged by their parents to participate in the game. For many boys, it is considered a rite of passage. However, football is a dangerous sport. A study conducted by the Center for Injury Research and Policy found, “an estimated 5.25 million football-related injuries among children and adolescents between 6 and 17 years of age were treated in U.S. emergency departments between 1990 and 2007. The annual number of football-related injuries increased 27 percent during the 18-year study period, jumping from 274,094 in 1990 to 346,772 in 2007” (Nation 201). These reported injuries include sprains and strains, broken bones, cracked ribs, torn ligaments, and concussions. A concussion usually happens when a player takes a hard hit to the head or is knocked unconscious on the playing field, and if not diagnosed and treated quickly, a concussion can result in death.

    Read More

  • High School Football Dangerous

    626 Words  | 2 Pages

    High school football players sustain a major proportion of season injuries. A major part of these regions are due to ligament sprains, targeted stretching exercises may be beneficial. The most injured players were those with the position of running back and linebackers. In the 2005-2006 season there were more than half a million injuries nationally of high school football players. This data was collected from over 100 high school football teams.

    Read More

  • Women Sport Athlete Injuries

    1818 Words  | 4 Pages

    The majority of ACL injuries suffered during athletic participation are of the noncontact variety. Three main noncontact mechanisms have been identified planting and cutting, straight-knee landing and one-step stop landing with the knee hyperextended. Pivoting and sudden deceleration are also common mechanisms of noncontact ACL injury. Basketball, soccer, and volleyball consistently produce some of the highest ACL injury rates across various age groups. Other activities with a high rate of injury are gymnastics, martial arts, and running. In most sports, injuries occur more often in games than in practice. Many injuries have occurred during the first 30 minutes of play. One-reason physicians are seeing more ACL injuries in female patients that more women play sports, and they play more intensely. But as they continued to do more studies, they are finding that women's higher rate of ACL is probably due ...

    Read More

  • Cervical Spine Injury Case Studies

    670 Words  | 2 Pages

    In this case, appropriate conservative measures in the form of medications, physical therapy, and chiropractic treatment were provided. An MR arthrogram of the right shoulder did not demonstrate any obvious rotator cuff tear. The test revealed some bursal fraying. His biceps were also noted to be intact. It was also noted that the claimant was still capable of performing light household chores. The records also revealed that his condition was slightly improved.

    Read More

  • Understanding Degenerative Disc Disease: A Nurse's Journey

    634 Words  | 2 Pages

    IW was diagnosed with severe degenerative disc disease and spondylosis plus disc protrusions and stenosis of the cervical spine at C4-5, C5-6 and C6-7, left shoulder subacromial impingement syndrome, degeneration of cervical intervertebral disc, cervical spondylosis without myelopathy, displacement of cervical intervertebral disc without myelopathy, spinal stenosis of cervical region, brachial neuritis, postsurgical arthrodesis status, other specified disorders of bursae and tendons in shoulder region, osteoarthrosis of the shoulder region, traumatic arthropathy involving shoulder region, rotator cuff (capsule) sprain, and benign essential

    Read More

  • Medical Case Report: A 57-Year-Old Male Fuel Hearter

    333 Words  | 1 Pages

    Physical examination revealed that the left shoulder is swelling. There is tenderness of the greater tuberosity and the bicipital groove noted upon bony palpation. Soft tissue palpation revealed tenderness of the glenohumeral joint region, the trapezius, and the lateral cuff insertion. Active range of motion of the left shoulder revealed a forward flexion of 80 degrees, external rotation of 0 degrees, abduction of 5 degrees, and internal rotation of “L5” degrees. Special test that resulted positive are Hawkin’s test, Neer’s test, O’Brien’s test, and Speed’s test. Empty can sign is also noted to be positive. Subscapularis weakness is noted. Strength of the left shoulder revealed flexion 4/5, abduction /5(4-), and internal rotation 4/5. Skin inspection revealed large incisions of the anterior left shoulder. As per assessment and plan, the provider notes that he is unable to give opinion regarding treatment options as the patient has not had an MRI arthrograms to determine any recommended surgical options. It was also noted that given the past medical history, there is some question whether further surgery in this patient would be recommended. As per emergency documentation from Sharp Grossmont Hospital dated 5/17/16, impression includes rotator cuff injury, possible complete

    Read More

  • Football Injuries Essay

    1802 Words  | 4 Pages

    Football is one of the most popular and most viewed sports in the nation; people of every race and ethnicity love to watch the game of football, but when playing this sport, participants must always account for injuries that occur such as ligament tears and brain, neck, and spinal injuries, all of which can produce short and long term effects on a player’s life.

    Read More

  • Traumatic Encephalopathy Case Study

    611 Words  | 2 Pages

    Professional, collegiate, and elite athletes are frequently at a high risk for injury while competing. Many athletes experience an injury at one time or another, which tends to linger long after their career as an athlete is over. Others who are more fortunate may suffer from chronic pain that is simply due to wear and tear on their body over a significant period of time. To provide a better description about what athletes experience after their career is over, Hurley (2014) examined the personal narratives of former professional rugby players who suffered career-ending injuries.

    Read More

  • Epidemiology Essay

    1928 Words  | 4 Pages

    Epidemiology Epidemiology is the study of the demographics of disease processes, including the study of epidemics and other diseases that are common enough to allow statistical tools to be applied. It is an important supporting branch of medicine, helping to find the causes of diseases and ways of prevention. It can, using statistical methods such as large-scale population studies, prove or disprove treatment hypotheses. Another major use of epidemiology is to identify risk factors for diseases. Epidemiological studies generally focus on large groups of people and relate to a target population that can be identified.

    Read More

  • Shoulder Pain Assessment

    432 Words  | 1 Pages

    Since pain is a subjective measurement, the participants will report their pain level using the self-administer SPADI. The reliability coefficient of ICC ≥ 0.89 and the internal consistency is high with Cronhach α > 0.90 in a variety of population (Breckenridge & Mcauley, 2011). “The SPADI demonstrates good construct validity, correlating well with other region-specific shoulder questionnaires” (Breckenridge & Mcauley, 2011, p. 197).

    Read More

More about Descriptive Epidemiology Studies

Open Document