Wait a second!
More handpicked essays just for you.
More handpicked essays just for you.
Biological and psychological theory
The psychoanalytic perspective
The psychoanalytic perspective
Don’t take our word for it - see why 10 million students trust us with their essay needs.
Is Depression Caused by Nature or Nurture? The general public believe that depression is caused by both nature and nurture factors. A majority of the public believed that nurture has a greater influence on whether the person gets depression or not. Uni-polar depression is when a person is always in a very low mood which would last at least 2 weeks to be fully diagnosed with depression. A person who has unipolar depression usually do not see the positive side of things. Bipolar depression is when a person has sudden mood swings from really low mood to sudden high mood, bipolar depression is harder to diagnosis than unipolar depression. Depression is thought to involve many genes. Biological psychologists believe that a person usually develop depression because of genetic factors. Family history is very important evidence for doctors to see when tying to diagnosis depression since the family history will show whether depression illness runs through the families that could have been inherited. Weissman found that around 50% children whose parents also expressed depressive symptoms develop depression too. This is a great number to inherit depression from therefore this shows that genetics plays a great role in developing depression. Many twin studies have also shown results that genetically identical twins (MZ) have a greater number of inheriting depression than non-identical twins (DZ). For instance an experiment carried out by Prince in 1968 expected that MZ twins would have a higher concordance for depression compared to DZ twins. Results found were that the MZ twins who were raised in the same environment/family showed a concordance of 68% and DZ twins had a lower concordance of 28% for bipolar disorder only. This is evidenc... ... middle of paper ... ...called cortisol shows great differences in people with depression. Advantages There are many medications now that has evidence that the drugs work efficiently and successfully however there is also evidence that depression cannot be fully cured because sometimes if the correct amount of medication is not taken the depression can come back since antidepressants does not work on everyone. There are many evidence (Wender, Weissman, McGuffin) supporting the fact that MZ twins who have the same genetics have a higher concordance of developing depression than DZ twins who have different genetics. Disadvantages Biologists ignore the fact that depression can be due to nurture for instance psychodynamic psychologists believe that people who develop depression could have had a bad childhood therefore the bad childhood experiences influences the adulthood of the person.
The first category is Bipolar I, which is diagnosed when a person has at least one manic episode or one mixed episode (where mania and depression occur at the same time). On average, four or more episodes are experienced in one year. (Staff, 2012) If left untreated, mania typically lasts seven days to a few months. Untreated depression can last six months to one year. Next is Bipolar II, which is diagnosed when a person has at least one major depressive episode and one hypomanic episode. They will not have had a full blown manic episode, or a mixed one. Then there is cyclothymia or cyclothymic disorder where there is a mood disturbance and shift, but far less severe than that observed in Bipolar Disorder. In order to be diagnosed, a person will have had this dysfunction for at least two years.
Twin studies have been used to distinguish between genetic and environmental factors for many disorders in the general population including ectodermal dysplasia, Ellis-van Creveld, and anencephaly. This review focuses on genetic disorders affecting monozygotic, dizygotic, and conjoined twins to gain a better understanding of them. Many studies focus on twins because they have a nearly identical genome, which eliminates environmental factors. In case studies, the concordance rates in monozygotic twins have supported that certain disorders were caused by genetics and not the environment. The discordant values in twins will also be evaluated briefly. Twinning studies have also shown linkages between specific disorders and the genes responsible for them. Knowing the location of these genes allows patients to be treated quickly and efficiently. This paper will discuss the possible causes of twinning and the various methods of identifying abnormalities in twins. These methods also allow preventive measures against the rise of birth defects during prenatal development. Epigenetics in twins is also viewed through the perspective of effects on them. Treatments for genetic disorders in twins are reviewed, ranging from the restoration of malformed teeth to the separation of conjoined twins. Support groups for twins in treatment, and their families are also briefly reviewed.
Antidepressants are FDA approved drugs given to patients to alleviate symptoms, most commonly anxiety and depression. There are many people who are skeptical about the use of these drugs and if they really work as a benefit toward the people taking them. There are many pros to taking the medications, but there are also cons. This is why users of these drugs have to be aware of the side effects in order to get the full use of the medicine. Research shows that the benefits of antidepressants outweigh the negative long term effects, but only if they are taken in moderation.
Through my extensive research on depression I have learned a lot of new things. I have learned about the many forms of depression and treatment for depression. I have also learned a little about what is believed to go on chemically in the brain of a clinically depressed person. I was also able to partially determine what sort of role genetics, chemicals and personal influences in the brain. Though I was unable to determine exactly how environmental and personal stress can cause a chemical imbalance in a person, I was even able to speculate about this issue and determine some theories of my own on why and how this may happen.
Pearsall-Jones, J. G. (2011). Motor Disorder and Anxious and Depressive Symptomatology: A Monozygotic Co-Twin Control Approach. Research In Developmental Disabilities: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 1245-1252.
It is not common knowledge, but people can be genetically predisposed to develop depression during their lives. Depression runs in families. It can be passed d...
A person suffering from bipolar disorder alternates from manic states to those of depression. These emotional states can alternate cyclically or one mood may dominate over the other. It is also possible for the two to be mixed or combined with each other.
There is limited research conducted to assess the contribution of nature (genetic links) and nurture (parenting styles and home environment) factors to the onset of SAD in adolescents, despite the extensive amount of studies that established and support the nature/nurture link to SAD onsets.
I have also came across in publications including WebMD, mention the uses of antidepressants. On the other hand I have found other articles that contradict the effectiveness of antidepressant drugs. I have also information on from the Mayo Clinic that talks about different antidepressants and which ones work better for different mental illnesses.
Depression is defined as "a state of despondency marked by feelings of powerlessness and hopelessness" (Coon, 2001). Some people can mix up depression with just having the blues because of a couple of bad days or even weeks. It is already said that depression affects about one sixth of the population or more (Doris, Ebmeier, Shajahan, 1999). Depression can happen in any age range from birth to death. The cause of depression is still obscure and becoming clear that a number of diverse factors are likely to be implicated, both genetic and environmental. Some causes are leading stressful lives, genetic factors, a previous depressive episode, and the personality trait neuroticism (Doris, et al., 1999).
The exact causes of depression seem to differ immensely, but there are some who believe that it maybe caused by a chemical imbalance in the brain, or that it may even be hereditary. Still there are others who believe that it is a combination of social, biological, emotional, psychological, and economical influences that may cause someone who has no family history of depression to develop even a mild case of depression.
for that reason. Children tend to express their sadness by behavioral changes, poor Recognizing the symptoms and early signs of childhood depression, seeking diagnosis and treatment and learning to live with and accept the disorder and still live for yourself are all important steps for knowledgeable parents.
They also look at Genetic Epidemiological Studies. These three studies deal with twins in relation to th...
first, the reading claims that medication will target the chemical imbalance that causes this condition. the professor contradicts this point by saying that depression is more complex than just imbalance of chemical in the body. he illustrates that depression is the result of many factors such as a death of a family member or any important person.
Treatment for depression includes medicine, psychotherapy, and electroconvulsive therapy. If someone is thinking about suicide or is very depressed and cannot function, they need to be admitted into a hospital. Antidepressants are medicines used to treat depression. They help bring the chemicals in the brain to the normal level and relieve syndromes. If the patient feels as though the medication isn’t working, their doctor should be called. However, if you feel so, you shouldn’t change them on your own without the permission of the doctor. Psychotherapy is to help you understand why you’re feeling the way you are.