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The causes of industrialization
Effects of industrialization on the environment and people
Effects of industrialization on the environment and people
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Economic growth and industrialization usually comes at a large cost, namely in the form of pollution. China has recently been feeling that cost after decades of growth with little restrictions. Because of this, China has become the world's largest polluter and surpassed the United States in CO2 emissions in 2007. Thus far China has only started to implement regulations due to the outrage of the people and many are not followed. China’s environment shall definitely turn farther from green and decline as government regulations are ignored.
Under Deng Xiaoping, China’s industry began to flourish. They became the world's manufacturer of just about everything imaginable and thirty years later they have become the largest manufacturer in the world. This allowed them to make up for the time they lost in industrialization that came to the west decades before. Their economy grew at an astounding rate of around ten percent each year which was unheard of. Unfortunately, during this time, they substituted their environment for fast economic growth and power. They are now dealing with the worst pollution problem in human history and its not getting any better. Within China resides seven of the top ten worst polluted cities in the world and none of them are getting any cleaner. Recently, parts of Beijing
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experienced levels of air pollution forty times worse than the level projected to be safe. Forcing many school, business, and others establishments to close down until it was safe again. Pollution in Beijing There is much dispute over whether cars or fossil fuel burning is the largest producer of PM2.5 which is a small particle that causes serious health risks. China’s president of the Beijing Municipal Research Institute of Environmental Protection, Pan Tao, was quoted as saying cars were “undoubtedly” the worst cause of PM2.5 particles. PM2.5 particle chart Regardless of which is worse both cause astronomical damage to the environment. Air pollution has been proven to kill around 4,000 people every day and hundreds of thousands die prematurely each year. Coal is the primary source of energy in China making up 66% of all energy and it is not a clean burning fuel either. Coal Usage As of 2020 the prediction is that China will rely on renewable energy for only 16% of their energy consumption. Additionally, as their population continues to grow so will the demand for energy so fuel usage might increase and car emissions are expected to increase by 40%. Some laws do exist to help with the growing problem, but many companies blatantly ignore such laws and after a few bribes everyone just turns their head away. Causing things like 80% of China’s 367 cities to fail to meet national pollution standards. Things like these even take away 3.5% of their annual GDP just caring for pollution related illnesses. Even with all that some do believe that China is turning green again.
China is trying to become more reliant on nuclear power and other renewable sources and recently invested 90 billion in renewable energy. They hope to be 59% reliant on coal by the decade's end which would be down 7% from now. Their government has ordered fifteen thousand factories to now report on pollution and water discharge figures. They also pledged 608 billion dollars over the next five years to help clean up the air and water within China and they will soon overtake the US in wind energy. However, they are not expected to hit their CO2 emissions until 2030 and it will take decades to clean
everything. China CO2 emissions In the US there are still repercussions from our industrial age which was over half a century ago and since China’s problem has not peaked yet they still have a long way to go. The director of the Institute of Public and Environmental Affairs in Beijing Ma Jun even said that there is a gap in the enforcement of the laws. So even if new laws are put in place China does not have any strong way to enforce them. China is definitely headed to a darker future in the coming decades, they have no control over that, but they can keep it from getting too much worse. They now have to deal with their past choices and try not to make too many more. New stricter regulations will need to be put in place and a better way to enforce them. But western nations were able to get back to fairly good conditions. Maybe China can pull through and in a few decades they will be back to normal or they may never get back, it is all up to them.
Many people are unknowingly exposed to air pollution and have no idea. Some common causes of air pollution are automobiles, factories, landfills and toxic materials. Air pollution destroys the environment; it causes climate change because it greatly affects the greenhouse effect and it causes acid rain. Acid rain contaminates water and destroys animal’s homes. Air pollution has many effects on people it causes coughing, elevates your risk of asthma, wheezing, it can cause diseases and birth defects. It’s estimated “that seven million people died prematurely in 2012 from exposure to air pollution and that air pollution can cause cardiovascular diseases. The use of incinerators has caused protest movements from the Chinese citizens because they are becoming aware of the air pollution that is being given off from the burning of their trash and the effects it has on their health. There have been many reports of premature births and stillbirths of pregnant women that live near garbage incinerators”( Professional Safety, 2014, p.
China’s economy is one very large indicator of its role in globalization. “In 2010 China became the world’s largest exporter” (CIA World Factbook). Without China many places such as the United States of America would be without billions of goods imported from China annually. An influx of companies moving their manufacturing to China has allowed people to flock to cities and find jobs. China’s economy has grown exponentially over the last few decades. In the last three years China’s economy has grown by nearly ten percent every year. Despite this influx of money to China it has also resulted in many drawbacks. For example, China’s environment has been obliterated. China burns more coal than every country in the world combined. Beijing has been so badly polluted that there are actually companies that sell cans of fresh air to people, and gas masks are a common sight. On January 12th 2013 Beijing’s air pollution reached a record setting 775 PPM. To put that into perspective, the scale for measuring pollution is 0-500 PPM. This set an all-time recorded high. In Los Angeles a high ...
Fang and other researches conducted a study of calculating the emissions in china over the course of 20 years from 1990-2010, and did a projection until 2020. They found that the highest SF6 emission came from electrical equipment sector (about 70%), followed by magnesium production, and the semi-conductor (10% each). While China is one of the main producers of metals and semiconductors, they did not contribute towards the reduction of GHG. An accelerated growth rate of SF6 occurred between 1990 and 2010. The fact that China ended up increasing the emissions of the most potent GHG, it makes the Kyoto Protocol ineffective as a whole. Global contribution from China rose from 0.9% in 1990 to 22.8% in 2008 (Fang, 2013). This ended up making China one of the most crucial contributors to recent growth of GHG emissions, rendering the Protocol as a
Communism is a system of government, a political ideology that rejects private ownership and promotes a classless, stateless society based on common ownership of all property and the means of production, where by all work is shared and all proceeds are commonly owned. Communism is practised in China, North Korea, Vietnam, Laos and Cuba. However most of the world’s communist governments have been disbanded since the end of World War II. Soon after the Japanese surrendered at the end of World War II, Communist forces began a war against the Kuomintang in China. The Communists gradually gained control of the country and on the 1st October, 1949, Mao Zedong announced the victory of the Communist party and the establishment of the People's Republic of China. China has been ruled by the Communist party ever since.
In 2007-2008 ;China became the world's biggest emitter of greenhouse gases. In 2010 China became the world's biggest energy consumer” (Seligsohn, 2015) As Seligsohn
Having been environment caring since a young age, I have always had a large appreciation for the world resources that are essential for living. I always follow my dad and uncle conducting research about the environment since they are both faculties in the field of environment science, read articles about controversies and I am fascinated with the problem that affects everyone in the world. I have always considered it the far and wide most important resource in the world, and I feel as though China has a pretty lacking appreciation for it, whereas many other countries, as a whole, are constantly trying to come up with new solutions to solve the problem.
Deng, a communist leader from 1970 to 1997, promised to establish a better socialist government. During his time in office, Deng conducted his economic reform, a plan to modernize China’s economy to be a major influence in the West. Many criticized Deng for his work, claiming that he demolished communist China and lowered living standards due to the reintroduction of capitalism. However, the economic reform yielded positive results. Although Deng Xiaoping’s economic reforms brought an end to communism and created unsafe work environments, his work ultimately led to long term benefits in China's economy by shifting business into private ownership, and strengthened bonds between nations of the West.
However, China accounts for 33% of the worlds Greenhouse gas emissions, mainly arising as a result of rapid urbanisation and industrialisation, and the deforestation that occurs in its wake. China is also suffering from desertification, coastal reclamation and severe climate change as are result of their long time blasé attitude towards environmental issues. While the Chinese Government now do acknowledge that environmental oversight has occurred, strict censorship within China deprives outsiders of receiving the full story of the environmental calamity that is occurring within China. Citizens within China are becoming increasingly concerned with governmental policy that regards further unnecessary degradation of the environment. A retired party official revealed that there had been 50,000 environmental protests within China in 2012 alone. China has amended numerous government acts and implemented strict new regulations in an attempt to curb pollution and Greenhouse gas production. However, the problem China faces cannot be swept under the 'bureaucratic rug' so to speak. The problem rests with the lack of an alternative clean energy to the fossil fuels currently used to fuel China's resource hungry industry. China has implemented numerous 'real world' measures to reduce environmental impact. Perhaps the most well known of these projects is 'Green Wall of China', which is a 4,500 km green strip of
China has made some improvements in environmental protection during recent years. According to the World Bank, China is one of a few countries in the world that have been rapidly increasing their forest cover. It is managing to reduce air and water
China's development is praised by the whole world. Its developments are not only in the economic aspect, but as well in its foreign affairs. Compared with other developed countries, China is a relatively young country. It began constructing itself in 1949. After 30 years of growth, company ownership had experienced unprecedented changes. Entirely, non-state-owned companies can now be more involved in sectors that used to be monopolized by state-owned companies.
It’s become a common sight to behold. In other cities, popular must have fashion items include scarves, sunglasses and perhaps a striking pair of shoes. In Beijing however, surgeon masks have been “in style” for years and more recently more people have been sporting a can of fresh air; from Canada. The pollution has gotten so bad that people are willing to pay as much as 22.95 U.S dollars for a 10-liter bottle of “Pure Premium Oxygen’. “[The] first shipment of 500 bottles of fresh air were sold in four days,” said co-founder Moses Lam to the Telegraph. The government has faced increased domestic and international pressure to address the situation. Throughout the years, China’s industrialization and economic boom has brought millions of people out of poverty and skyrocketed their economy to first place, but in doing so, their environment has been seriously damaged. A new poll done by Gallup shows that 57% of Chinese adults believed that protection of the environment should be given top priority even at risk of slowing economic growth.
75% of China’s water is polluted and 28% of its water is even unsuitable for agricultural use . A lot of this pollution is being caused by the use of raw materials for energy. China relies heavily on coal consumption for its energy with it accounting for 69% of china’s energy consumption . It is the world’s largest consumer, producer and importer of coal and it accounts for around half of the world’s coal usage3. All of this coal consumption causes sulphur dioxide and soot to be polluted which causes the formation of acid rain which has harmed 35% of China’s total area¬¬¬ , this then poisons their water provisions and damages trees which threatens much of china’s wildlife. The use of Coal also causes mercury to be released into the atmosphere which gets transferred into the soil and water by rain. This has caused more than 10% of china’s arable land to be contaminated by mercury as well as other harmful metals like cadmium and arsenic , anything which is then grown in this contaminated soil effects the health and safety of the people. This could soon effect China’s food security. China’s air and water pollution are causing them huge problems, the World Bank and ministry of environmental protection of China calculate that annually as many as 750,000 die prematurely from
China’s economy experienced a stunning growth the past couple decades and the future once looked promising. The methods that China used to grow could cause the downfall of its economic growth. What had been called the “Golden Years” could be over, which was a time of economic prosperity and growth. The growth could be affected from the political corruption, which can scare away foreign investment. Economic growth caused the housing bubble, which could bring down the economy. China’s growth also spurned the idea of protecting the environment that has caused pollution and environmental issues. The Chinese economy does not have a great economic future due to political corruption, the housing bubble, the pollution and environmental issues, and the loss of their comparative advantage.
The highest concentration of air pollution in China is a perfect example of this issue. Since the industrial revolution the spreading of harmful gasses like CO2 into the atmosphere has caused high amount of air pollution, and China is one of the biggest offenders. Initially China was unconcerned about the gases they were emitting into the atmosphere, they believed that taking initiative on this issue would hinder their economic innovations. This is the main reason China didn’t agree to join the Kyoto Protocol in the early 2000’s, which was a treaty between most industrialized nations agreeing to lower their greenhouse gas emissions to combat global warming. Not agreeing to lower their emissions has caused China to be polluted to the high heavens. In many parts of the country all that can be seen is smoke in the air due to mass air pollution. Due to the astounding air pollution in the country, the Chinese government has made air pollution a national concern, “China is prioritizing pollution monitoring as it starts to implement its new environmental protection law” (Yang, 493).Currently China is trying to compromise on lowering their emissions in the current climate change protocol in Paris. The changes in the air are clear evidence of human impact on the environment, and China’s change in their position on this issue further proves the point. Clearly the world
The environment is far from protected in countries like India and China. Pollution which is a commonly large factor in both the countries is present in every aspect of nature and the main concern being the change in mentality about urbanisation and industrialisation in people’s minds. To add to the pollution issue both these countries deal with several environmental problems which caused pollution problem in their regions. The three main problems faced by India and China are Deforestation, Industrial Air Pollution and Industrial Water Pollution. The common factor causing these problems are industries in their respective country. Both countries produce goods on a large scale which determine and explain the pollution problem.