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History and Systems of Psychology
Explain the nature and the science of psychology
History and Systems of Psychology
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When asked to define psychology there so many thoughts that runs through my mind. Psychology is the scientific study of ones thoughts and behavior. People think psychologically every day for example when you try to explain what someone else is doing to another person. There are many fields of study that try to understand how people think and the actions they take. Psychology is used for many different reasons not only do they study the human behavior they also help mental patients and try to figure them out and a problem that they have. Learning the scientific perspective on human behavior can help you develop a curiosity for how the human behavior works (Feist 2013). When studying psychology it not only makes you more aware of how people work in a general setting it also makes you more aware of how you work yourself.
There are a couple types of psychology that I'm going to go over that I find to be very important. First would be developmental psychology, which is also referred to as human development in which the scientific study of psychological systematic changes, which occur within the human body over the course of ones life (Cherry 2010). In this field of study they examine changes that occur across a broad range of different topics including but not limited to motor skills and other psycho psychological processes. Most researchers are interested in how human’s personal characteristics interact with their individual behavior along with everyday I environmental factors including social context and how this impacts on development. Some test that would be assigned to a developmental psychologist would be to evaluate children to determine if they have any developmental disabilities also investigating how language skills are a...
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...ogy. Retrieved January 7, 2014, from http://psychology.about.com/od/psychologycareerprofiles/a/developmental-psychologist.htm.
Cherry, Kendra. (2007). Psychology. In what is Cognitive Psychology. Retrieved January 7, 2014, from http://psychology.about.com/od/behavioralpsychology/f/behanalysis.htm.
Cherry, Kendra. (2012). Psychology. In what is Social Psychology. Retrieved January 7, 2014, from http://psychology.about.com/od/socialpsychology/a/socpsycbasics.htm.
Cherry, Kendra. (2012). Psychology. In what is Personality. Retrieved January 7, 2014, from http://psychology.about.com/od/overviewofpersonality/a/persondef.htm.
Duckworth, Ken. (2012). Psychosocial Treatments. In Treatment and Services. Retrieved January 2, 2014, from http://www.nami.org/Template.cfm?Section=About_Treatments_and_Supports&Template=/ContentManagement/ContentDisplay.cfm&ContentID=10510.
Myers, David G. “Chapter 14: Social Psychology.” Psychology. 10th ed. New York, NY US: Worth
Psychology is a social science that aims to study the mind and the behaviors of humans. It aims to understand what drives humans to act the way they do. It differs from sociology and anthropology in that it takes accounts the individual rather than society as a whole.
Crisp, R, J. Turner, R, N. (2007). Essential Social Psychology. Sage Publications Limited. London. (UK). First Edition.
The field of psychology is a discipline, originated from many branches of science. It has applications from within a complete scope of avenues, from psychotherapy to professional decision-making. The flexibility and versatility of this field reflects its importance and demands in-depth analysis. Psychology was a division of philosophy until it developed independent scientific disciplines. The history of psychology was a scholarly study of the mind and behavior that dates back to the beginning of civilization. There are important details from previous theory psychologist, research have contributed to behaviorism approaches and have contributed towards specific current behavioral practices. Contemporary behavior therapy began to emerge into distinct practical and core learning theories concerning the needs and knowledge engaging cultural and professional differences.
Pratt, C. W., Gill, K. J., Barret, N. M., & Roberts, M. M. (2013). Psychiatric rehabilitation(3rd ed., pp. 169-171). San Diego, CA: Academic Press.
In 2003, Cardwell et al (and others) wrote an ‘up to date’ version, and defined Psychology as ‘Psychology is the scientific study of behaviour and mental processes (the mind) and psychologists are interested in every aspect of behaviour and every type of mental process’ this also focuses on the Behavioural perspective like the definition by John B. Watson, but it also states that psychologists are interested in ‘every type of mental processes’, which covers every other approach to Psychology, and this is where the two definitions differ, but it also gives a greater understanding to what Psychology covers as a whole.
The term psychology has many meanings to different people, even to those who work within the psychological field. The word psychology derives from two Greek roots; 'psyche' refers to 'soul' or 'mind' and logo refers to 'the study of'. A more update definition of the word psychology can be found from Atkinson, et al (1991) “The scientific study of behaviours and mental processes.” However on Google Definitions the definition of psychology is “the mental characteristics and attitudes of a person” [accessed 16 September 2011], which gives somewhat of a contradiction. In this assignment I will be outlining and evaluating four key psychological perspectives. The psychological perspectives I have chosen are the behavioural approach, biological approach, cognitive approach and the psychodynamic approach.
A popular association with choices is the angel and devil sitting on your shoulder. The devil whispers do whatever you want, who cares if it’s wrong; while the angel says “You know that you should do the right thing.” Then your mind is left spinning on how to make the choice and you wonder what kind of thought goes into making the choice. What is the psychology of making a decision? Sigmund Freud dedicated his life to studying the mind and its endless features and he was able to test many theories and contribute vast amounts of knowledge to modern day psychology. He devised theories of how the mind is split into different parts and what each part contributes to the whole function. Sigmund Freud was able carefully study the unconscious mind, the psyche and dream analysis though theories of the connections that the mind makes when exposed to life events.
Corey, G. (2013). Theory and practice of counseling and psychotherapy (9th Edition). Belmont, CA: Brooks/Cole Publishing.
Psychology is the study of the mind and behavior and translates as science of the soul. It is the study of human behavior and deals with how we think, feel, and act. Some areas of psychology are clinical, industrial, physiological, experimental, personality, social, and developmental. Psychologists can work in hospitals, schools, rehabilitation facilities, in public and private clinics or in the research field. They usually treat persons with mental and emotional disorders, so one may ask; why bother with psychology if you do not want to actually work as a psychologist? Even though it happens that i do want to study psychology, this year that i was introduced to it,i discovered that even if i wanted to study something entirely different, psychology would still be useful to me. So when studying psychology, you learn about human nature. This means that psychology actually has impact on every aspect in life. It helps see through the motives other people too have more importantly, it will help you to understand your own motives better. As a result
Hergenhahn, B.R. (2009). Social and Theoretical Psychology: Conceptual and Historical Issues 1. An introduction to the History of Psychology. 1 (1), p1-28.
Corey, G. (2011). Theory and practice of counseling and psychotherapy. (ninth ed., pp. 291-301). Belmont, CA: Brooks/Cole.
Gross, Richard. PSYCHOLOGY: The science of the mind and behaviour. Hodder and Stoughton Educational. 1992.
Psychology deals with the study of mental processes and a variety of behaviors. In order to fully comprehend ourselves, we need to understand the causes of our behaviors and our outlook on life. Habits and behaviors have positive and negative effects in our life. When we know ourselves and learn about our unique personality, we can develop and pursue goals. Psychology also helps us to understand other people and the differences of people. Gaining this knowledge can improve the relationships and enhance our communication skills. Throughout the psychology course I gained knowledge in various areas, and the topics that impacted me the most included: the introvert, anxiety disorders, stress management, self discipline and how to develop strong relationships.