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Old testaments covenants
The covenants in the old testament
Old testaments covenants
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A covenant is an agreement, commitment, or promise between two people. Since the Hebrew people are known as the Covenant people, they had multiple covenants with God. I will touch base on a few main Covenants such as The Abrahamic Covenant, The Mosaic Covenant, and The Davidic Covenant.
The Abrahamic Covenant is supposed to be a covenant of promise and grace. It was when God promised to Abraham and his future family that they would be blessed. The promise was land and constant blessings. He will make him the “Father of many nations and kings will come” from his descendants. Abraham was supposed to hold up God’s requests in order for this promise to be upheld. Abraham didn’t do anything special to earn these promises. All the other covenants
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after were based on this original covenant. God made these promises to sinners and people who were undeserving and these promises could only be kept by having faith in their Lord. On God’s terms, in order for Abraham to receive these promises, all of Abrahams offspring must be circumcised. If all the males were circumcised, it would show they were a part of God’s physical blessing in the world. Any descendants of Abraham who refused circumcision was declaring themselves to be outside of God’s covenant. The next major Covenant is the Mosaic Covenant. Moses goes up the first time into Mount Sinai, and God announces to him the general terms of the covenant, that Israel will be a holy nation and God will defend Israel from all its enemies, and that god will be merciful and forgiving. Moses must obey God and keep his covenant and then he will be a kingdom of priests with a holy nation. God instructs Moses to declare the place sacred to the people. In three days they are supposed to approach the mountain. In the next three days the Lord comes down as fire and the mountain becomes completely smokey. God calls Moses to the top and sends him down again with the warning to the people not to break through and perish. Then God gives the ten commandments. The people are very afraid so they beg Moses to save them. The Mosaic Covenant itself could not save people. It is not that there was any problem with the Law itself since the Law is perfect and was given by God himself, but the Law had no power to give people new life, and the people were not able to obey the Law as God exactly requested. The final Covenant I will cover, is the Davidic Covenant.
The Davidic Covenant shows God’s promises to David, which contained several blessings: A land for Israel, a Davidic kingdom, a Davidic house, a Davidic throne forever, and an eternal covenant.
On behalf of Israel, God assured David that the people would be happy with his as their leader. God would be the Protector and Provider of His people, guaranteeing their future blessings.
The foundation for the Davidic Covenant consults with the prophet, Nathan, about building a resting place or the ark. David’s intention to make such a structure is over-ruled. God extends help to David. These promises provided for more blessings far in the future.
These covenants play a huge role in individual's relationship with the Lord. God chooses these specific people to fulfil his requests which is what set these Hebrew people apart from everyday people.
Since the beginning of the world, God’s relationship to the people has been made by specific requirements and promises. God tells people how he wants them to act and also makes promises about how he will act toward them in various circumstances. The Bible contains several summaries of these, like I covered before, that define the different relationships between God and man in Scripture, which are normally called the
Covenants. Understanding the covenants and how people obeyed, or disobeyed God, are just another way we can continue to learn and get a better understanding of the Scripture. Hearing how other people fulfill God’s promises may cause us to figure out our destiny and God’s callings to us.
The two views of these to two men, David and Daud expressed different beliefs. One (David), is a Jewish Israeli. The other man, Daud, is a very upset Palestinian Arab. Throughout the discussion they both are bringing up each of the countries faults and seeing if any of these points can maybe be resolved. It seems however as though, for right now they failed. I personally have to side with the Israeli man David. His point is very clear for me to see and it seems that all the Jewish people are there to help each other and to have their own place to call home.
the things beyond his surrounding. He also gave David the confidence he needed to accept his
Covenant according in bible's point of view is a promise made by God to man. According to the book of Genesis, Chapter 6 Verse 13, as a result of human's disobedient and evil ways on earth, God had planned to put an end to humanity with flood. The covenants between God and Noah was established in Genesis Chapter 9 Verse 11. God promised Noah and his descendants, never again would he destroy the earth by flood of water because of the pleasant sacrifice offered to God by Noah. God also confirmed his covenant by putting up signs in the sky in the form of a rainbow. The reason Noah and his family weren’t destroyed in the flood was because Noah found grace in God's sight. What this means is that God do not establish any kind of covenant with just anyone. Clearly Abel, Noah and Abraham were unshakable, upright and obedient towards God’s command.
The New Testament portion of the Bible is widely accepted as the book of hope, grace, love and forgiveness. However, the Old Testament also provides evidence of God’s grace and love for his people. Richard Dawkins opposes this view of the Old Testament God .Richard Dawkins in his book, The God of Delusion states that the God of the Old Testament is a God who is unjust, unforgiving, and vindictive amongst many other negative human nature attributes. Richard Dawkins view of God in the Old Testament is far from a God of grace and love. The God of the Old Testament is a God who desires to have a relationship with his people .God created covenant relationships throughout the Old Testament, starting with Adam and Eve, then through Noah, Moses, Abraham and David. According to Eugene Merrill “a covenant is a written agreement or a promise usually under seal between two or more parties”. The Hebrew word for covenant appears in the Old Testament 285 times. The Israelites throughout the Old Testament would consistently fall short of the agreed covenant regulations with God, and God would continue to provide ways to reconcile with Israel. The examples of this are abundant and can be found in each book of the Old Testament. According to Richard Dawkins the God of the Old Testament is unforgiving, unjust, and vindictive. However the scripture can prove that through Gods covenant agreements, God was a God of grace, love and a God who has an unsurpassable capacity for forgiveness.
This phrase is later repeated three more times, in Judges 18:1, 19:1, and 21:25. Since the phrase is repeated several times, it emphasizes the need for a king to govern the people and lead them in better ways. The Davidic covenant also exemplifies this positive view, since God showed favor on David and his descendants. God said that King David’s descendants are God’s sons, and that the LORD will establish a “royal throne forever”, as in a line of kings until the end of time (2 Sam. 7:13). God also promises to give David “rest from all your enemies” (2 Sam. 7:11) and a place for his people to live (2 Sam. 7:10). Just like Abraham, King David is promised descendants, blessings, and land. Hezekiah, another good king of Judah, was also viewed favorably. In the LORD’s sight, Hezekiah did what was right, just like David (2 Kgs 18:3). 2 Kings 18: 5 also states that “and neither before nor after [Hezekiah] was there anyone like him among all the kings of Judah.” Unlike Solomon, Hezekiah observed the commandments and thus, “the LORD was with him, and he succeeded in all he set out to do” (2 Kgs 18:7). Therefore, the Deuteronomistic History looks favorably upon kings, since the need for a king is stated multiple times in Judges, and kings like David and Hezekiah are looked upon with favor by God and the people
Their unfaithfulness led to enslavement in Egypt for approximately four hundred years. When the Lord finally freed his people through Moses, He established a second covenant. This new covenant bound the twelve tribes of Israel into one community under a set of commandments by which the people would model their lives. The Ten Commandments serve to protect the Hebrew community. The first commandment, “You shall have no other gods before me,” must come first because it reestablishes the foundation that God defines right and wrong. The second, third and fourth commandments aim to prevent divisive values from forming in the community. Commandments five through nine focus on specific actions and the timing of their consequences. For example, killing has immediate consequences, whereas adultery has future implications. The Israelites separate themselves from other civilizations with the final commandment. God commands the Hebrews to control their thoughts, so that their thoughts may not lead to sinful actions. The Ten Commandments were not concerned with granting justice among the people, but firmly established the first principles of one of the longest lasting cultures in human
The Mosaic Covenant from exodus is a promise made between God and the nation of Israel at Mount Sinai. To begin with, the pattern of the covenant is very similar to other ancient covenants of that time because it is between God and his people. In the textbook, it explains how the Hebrews have struggled with the pharaoh around 1250 B.C.E. Moses, who was a prince that grew up in the household of the pharaoh, ran away. After returning he led the Hebrew slaves at the bottom of Mount Sinai. God spoke to the Hebrews who he freed them and explained the Ten Commandments. In addition, a quote form the readings “ I am the lord your God who brought you out of the land of Egypt.” (Judaism, pg. 397) This quote is the first commandment stating that he,
And Solomon said, Thou hast showed unto thy servant David my father great mercy, according as he walked before thee in truth, and in righteousness, and in uprightness of heart with thee; and thou has t kept for him this great kindness, that thou hast given him a son to sit on his throne, as it is this day.
...hat God was trying to disclose with Moses. God wanted Moses to know Him and who He was through His name. He is not an unloving god who watches over his children and does nothing when they suffer. He is not a god that ignores old promises. He is an omnipresent God that helps his children and doesn’t break a covenant. God allows himself to be known by his people because he is a devoted god. He is, has been, and always will be our god.
...scue of David will result in praise by David. In verses 30 and 31 we see David’s vow of praise. David says that he will praise God for His deliverance in the midst of the all of his trials and enemies (Bible v. 30, 874). The basis for this praise is David’s experience of seeing God stand at his right hand to defend him. David knows that the accusers will finally be silenced when God reveals Himself as his helper and defender.
Abraham was portrayed as the father of the Jewish people and this serves as a key element in Judaism. A covenant is an agreement between two parties. Between God and Abraham there existed unconditional covenants in which God made promises to him that required nothing in return; there were no conditions were attached. Abrahamic covenant was everlasting and from the Bible it begins to unfold from the book of Genesis12.
It is important to know the history of one’s past. Just where did we come from and why. By comparing and contrasting the Abrahamic and Mosaic Covenants, we can see a part of our history. These two covenants mark a grand time in the history of Christians. Both covenants can teach us a lesson in becoming a better Christian and to knowing God better if we pay attention to what God wants us to learn. The Abrahamic Covenant lays the foundation for how the Christian nation was formed. The Mosaic Covenant follows in later years as a reminder of what was promised in the Abrahamic Covenant to the Christian nation. Both covenants are important in understanding the Old and New Testaments as they give us the historical background of the Bible as well as set the stage for the coming of Christ.
Judaism is one of the most ancient religions in the world. Abraham, his descendants, and Moses are believed to have been the founders. According to Jewish beliefs until Abraham man worshiped many Gods. The story begins with Abraham and his wife Sarah trying to conceive a child. When Abraham was 99 and Sarah 90 God came to Abraham and told him they would have a son. After the child was born God again came to Abraham and tested his beliefs by asking him to sacrifice his only son Isaac. Isaac willingly went with Abraham to be sacrificed. Before Abraham could sacrifice Isaac God sent an angel down to stop him. As a reward for his faith God made a covenant with Abraham that he and his descendants would be protected as long as they continued to show faith in him and live a life that was wholesome. Also from this it is said God blessed Abraham with many children. His son Isaac had two sons Jacob and Esau, Jacob who changes his name to Israel had twelve sons. Israel’s had twelve sons they are the “12 tribes of Israel” and their descendants are later known as the Israelites also called Hebrews.
In the Old Testament, Abraham and Moses were two very prominent leaders chosen by God to do his will. Throughout Genesis and Exodus, both men play important roles in fulfilling God’s will. They are put to many tests, given covenants, and communicate constantly with God. Although they have many similarities such as being leaders and men of God, there are also many differences between the two.
There are five aspects of covenant. For the purposes of this paper I am going to be referring to primarily the new covenant that is offered us through Jesus. The first aspect is the parties involved. There are two parties: God and the elect. Unlike the old covenant, the elect goes beyond the Jews. It also includes the gentile, or non-Jew in all the nations. This is one aspect of covenant that has helped shape my worldview. I have spoken to people who believe that God only selects a few privileged people to be saved, and condemns the rest to eternal punishment in hell. I now wholeheartedly believe this to be completely false, and even a heresy. In John 3:16 God uses the phrase “panta ta ethne” which means “all the nations.” There are other places in scripture, for example, when Paul says in Romans 1:16, “I am not ashamed of the gospel because it is the power of God for the salvation of everyone who believes…” He clearly says ‘everyone who believes’ not leaving anyone out. There are places in scripture, such as Ephesians 1:11 that talk about things which are predestined for believers. This verse is commonly taken out of context by those who believe in predestination. He has indeed planned out things He wants those in covenant relationship to accomplish for His kingdom once we accept Jesus and make Him Lord of our life. He does not, however, make the choice beforehand to save some, and damn some to hell! God created us in His image, therefore we have also been given the gift of free will to choose to love Him or love the world. This is the depraved condition of mankind in our fallen state.