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Enron legal and ethical issues
Enron case summary and analysis
Enron case summary and analysis
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In May 2002, Andersen was prosecuted for obstruction of justice based on two main reasons. First, David Duncan, a former Andersen partner in charge of the Enron audit, destructed related documents to keep them out of the investigation. Second, Nancy Temple, an in-house attorney for Andersen, suggested the management to pay attention to the document retention policy. The jury convicted Andersen and believed David Duncan was corruptly persuaded to impede the integrity of the justice proceedings. In 2005, the Supreme Court overturned the conviction of Andersen based on flawed jury instructions. However, this verdict is too late for Andersen which already exists in name only.
The World English Dictionary defines corrupt as lacking in integrity; open to or involving bribery or other dishonest practices; to become or cause to become dishonest or disloyal. In this case, corrupt is not appropriate applied to the actions of Andersen. In the internal October 16, 2001 email, Nancy Temple suggested Andersen to pay attention to a potential investigation and try some protective actions. I read the original text of the email and find there’s no word show that Nancy corruptly persuaded the management to destroy documents. She just recommended the management to care about document retention policy. It’s an attorney’s responsibility to provide clients with advices about imminent litigations. Thus an attorney’s persuasion of withholding of documents under a valid document retention policy cannot be defined as a dishonest practice. So corrupt is not appropriate applied to the actions of Andersen.
I believe Andersen violated the law. The management, including David Duncan, obviously knew Andersen would get an investigation due to the audit fai...
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...n 2002, Enron has burdened huge debts and filed for bankruptcy protection. Andersen also had no money to pay for angry investors. The plaintiffs, Enron’s investors and employees, could not get enough compensation from Enron and Andersen. So they named these rich banks in the lawsuit to try to recover their huge loss. The plaintiffs believe those banks assisted Enron to conceal huge debts and encouraged people to invest Enron.
Merrill Lynch and Credit Suisse claimed they didn’t know the actual financial situation of Enron. They defensed that there’s no substantial evidence to verify that investment banks played a significant role in the Enron scandal. However, to pursue own profits these banks may have conducted improper acts to mislead investors. They obviously would like to settle out of the court and avoid a lawsuit which will damage their reputation greatly.
Case 1: In this case. As a certified public accountant, Erickson oversaw and initiated an arbitrary adjustment to increase cash and decrease accounts receivable. Also, Erickson signed Form 10-K with full knowledge that the financial statements include therein incorporated entries misstating revenues. As we can see from this case, Erickson’s behavior not only violate the Business and Professions Code, Division 3, Chapter 1, § 5100(g) and (i), but also against the ethical theories.
Another reason for Enron’s bankruptcy was the unnecessary personal spending by corporate managers. It was a direct loss to the company’s shareholders. In the later stages before its bankruptcy, the luxuries were paid from the company’s borrowing, as it had no real profits. Therefore in the later stages, the creditors were at a loss rather than its shareholders.
The Enron Scandal, which unrolled in October 2001, lead to the bankruptcy of the Enron Corporation, an American energy company based in Houston, Texas, and the de facto dissolution of Arthur Andersen, a large audit and accountancy partnership firm.
Take into consideration the auditors from Arthur Andersen. They did not take into consideration the greatest good for the greatest number of people. The auditors from Arthur Andersen took into consideration the consequences only for their own firm and their own well-being. Vinson & Elkins lawyers should not have destroyed evidence in order to protect their client Enron. Lawyers do take an oath to help protect and defend their client but they are not to help find ways for their client to violate the
The law requires auditors to report any fraudulent activities discovered during the course of an audit to the SEC. This is when Article I of Section 51 of the AICPA Code of Professional Conduct comes into play. The auditor may uncover illegal acts or fraud while auditing the financial statements of a company. In such instances, the auditor must determine his or her responsibilities in making the right judgment and report their discovery or suspicions of the said fraudulent activities. Tyco International is an example of the auditors’ failure to uphold their responsibilities. Tyco’s former CEO Dennis Kozlowski and ex-CFO Mark Swartz sold stocks without investors’ approval and misrepresented the company’s financial position to investors to increase its stock prices (Crawford, 2005). The auditors (PricewaterhouseCoopers) helped cover the executives’ acts by not revealing their findings to the authorities as it is believed they must have known about the fraud taking place. Another example would be the Olympus scandal. The Japanese company, which manufactures cameras and medical equipment, used venture capital funds to cover up their losses (Aubin & Uranaka, 2011). Allegedly, thei...
The three main crooks Chairman Ken Lay, CEO Jeff Skilling, and CFO Andrew Fastow, are as off the rack as they come. Fastow was skimming from Enron by ripping off the con artists who showed him how to steal, by hiding Enron debt in dummy corporations, and getting rich off of it. Opportunity theory is ever present because since this scam was done once without penalty, it was done plenty of more times with ease. Skilling however, was the typical amoral nerd, with delusions of grandeur, who wanted to mess around with others because he was ridiculed as a kid, implementing an absurd rank and yank policy that led to employees grading each other, with the lowest graded people being fired. Structural humiliation played a direct role in shaping Skilling's thoughts and future actions. This did not mean the worst employees were fired, only the least popular, or those who were not afraid to tell the truth. Thus, the corrupt culture of Enron was born. At one point, in an inter...
His project manager, Oliver Freeman, changed the analysis. that Daniel submitted in order to get a clear opinion so that their firm may get an exclusive account. The. My decision was to report the incident so that the correct information would be supplied in the audit documents. The decision I chose may cost Baker Greenleaf to lose an important client and Oliver Freeman to lose his job, but it will uphold the integrity of the accounting profession and keep Daniel Potter safe from the liability of providing false information.
Enron was in trouble because of something that almost every major corporation during this time was guilty of. They inflated their profits. Things weren't looking good for them at the end of the 2001-year, so they made a common move and they restated their profits for the past four years. If this had worked to their like they could have gotten away with hiding millions of dollars in debt. That completely admitted that they had inflated their profits by hiding debt in confusing partner agreements. Enron could not deal with their debt so they did the only thing that was left to do, they filed for chapter 11 bankruptcy. This went down as one of the largest companies to file for bankruptcy in the history of the United States. In just three months their share price dropped from $95 to below $1.
In the predicament of David Duncan, the lead audit partner at Arthur Anderson the Accounting Firm for Enron, underscores the penalty that accountants may face under professional accountability. Duncan had pleaded guilty to obstruction of justice when he was involved in the connection with document shredding.
Unethical accounting practices involving Enron date back to 1987. Enron’s use of creative accounting involved moving profits from one period to another to manipulate earnings. Anderson, Enron’s auditor, investigated and reported these unusual transactions to Enron’s audit committee, but failed to discuss the illegality of the acts (Girioux, 2008). Enron decided the act was immaterial and Anderson went along with their decision. At this point, the auditor’s should have reevaluated their risk assessment of Enron’s internal controls in light of how this matter was handled and the risks Enron was willing to take The history of unethical accounting practic...
Because of the executive’s choice, the employees lost their entire pension fund and any other money they had invested in the company. As soon as the Securities and Exchange Commission announced that it was investigating the Enron scandal, Enron began to shred any documents relevant to the investigation. Even the accounting firm that provided auditing for Enron, Andersen LLP, began to shred files as well. The best ethical solution for this case is obviously to not commit a crime at all. The Enron executives should have taken a step back and looked at what they were doing and gathered their facts.
The Enron case is very intriguing case of corporate corruption and greed. As we review some of the company’s facts and history along with other areas of the corporation, we can see that this case is filled with great examples of business ethics put to the
Enron was on the of the most successful and innovative companies throughout the 1990s. In October of 2001, Enron admitted that its income had been vastly overstated; and its equity value was actually a couple of billion dollars less than was stated on its income statement (The Fall of Enron, 2016). Enron was forced to declare bankruptcy on December 2, 2001. The primary reasons behind the scandal at Enron was the negligence of Enron’s auditing group Arthur Andersen who helped the company to continually perpetrate the fraud (The Fall of Enron, 2016). The Enron collapse had a huge effect on present accounting regulations and rules.
A month after the twin towers fell in New York City the nation's focus was shifted to the Enron scandal. Kenneth Lay and Jeffery Skilling were names in the press almost every day. Enron filed bankruptcy and thousands lost their jobs and pensions. Another company involved in the scandal was Arthur Andersen, an accounting firm; Enron was their client. Arthur Andersen continued to perform bad audits even after a warning from SEC. If Arthur Andersen employees had been ethical, after the warning, the Enron Scandal would not have had led to the conviction and dissolution of the Arthur Andersen accounting firm.
The Enron Corporation was an American energy company that provided natural gas, electricity, and communications to its customers both wholesale and retail globally and in the northwestern United States (Ferrell, et al, 2013). Top executives, prestigious law firms, trusted accounting firms, the largest banks in the finance industry, the board of directors, and other high powered people, all played a part in the biggest most popular scandal that shook the faith of the American people in big business and the stock market with the demise of one of the top Fortune 500 companies that made billions of dollars through illegal and unethical gains (Ferrell, et al, 2013). Many shareholders, employees, and investors lost their entire life savings, investments,