Part A
When Farinata calls out to Dante, “‘O Tuscan walking through our flaming city, / alive, and speaking with such elegance, / be kind enough to stop here for a while’” (1084), he does so in response to Dante’s fear of talking too much. To establish dominance over the situation, Farinata initiates the conversation himself, showing that he is a direct and commanding person. However, his emphasis on the fact that Dante is alive reveals his deep bitterness and jealousy towards the living. Because of his heresy, Farinata is not only dead in a physical sense, but also dead in a spiritual sense, as his soul is forced to lie in a tomb for all of eternity. He speaks mockingly, and is incredulous and resentful of Dante, because of Dante’s ability to walk through Hell unscathed while he is living. Because Farinata was such a powerful person in life, he is awestruck and jealous of Dante’s incredible ability to walk through Hell. Farinata mocks Dante by sarcastically commenting on his “elegant” speaking ability, when in reality, Dante is a compulsive talker who must concentrate to hold his tongue. From
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Point 1: Farinata is proud, and believes that he and the other Ghibellines are superior.
Farinata’s pride in the Ghibelline tradition causes him to look disdainfully at those who are different from him. He vainly believes that he is stronger and better than all other souls.
Point 2: Farinata is contemptuous, and scorns all Guelphs and their descendants, including Dante.
Farinata’s contemptuous, caustic personality causes him to mock those who are unlike him, and he seeks to establish his authority and dominance over others so that they are made aware of his superiority.
Point 3: Farinata is authoritative, as he initiates the conversation with Dante to show that, though Dante may have the power to travel through Hell, Farinata is a force to be reckoned
Dante Alighieri presents a vivid and awakening view of the depths of Hell in the first book of his Divine Comedy, the Inferno. The reader is allowed to contemplate the state of his own soul as Dante "visits" and views the state of the souls of those eternally assigned to Hell's hallows. While any one of the cantos written in Inferno will offer an excellent description of the suffering and justice of hell, Canto V offers a poignant view of the assignment of punishment based on the committed sin. Through this close reading, we will examine three distinct areas of Dante's hell: the geography and punishment the sinner is restricted to, the character of the sinner, and the "fairness" or justice of the punishment in relation to the sin. Dante's Inferno is an ordered and descriptive journey that allows the reader the chance to see his own shortcomings in the sinners presented in the text.
Throughout his journey Dante the pilgrims meets different souls who share their gruesome stories, and Dante the pilgrim does initially sympathize with them. Eventually as he gets lower into hell he does not pity the souls anymore. In Canto three Dante states "Inscribed on the lintel of an archway, master I said, this saying 's hard for me."(Inferno, III; 11-12). The claim can be made that Dante is very different from the dammed souls he sees in hell, and he is aware of that. In a way Dante sort of separates himself from those souls he meets. A single minded mentality is born unlike in Beowulf where his pride helps him to solve a problem that will help his
His warning to Dante, is similar to several of the infernal custodians, who continually remind him that he should not be in the Otherworld,
When we are first introduced to Dante the Pilgrim, we perceive in him a Renaissance intellectual, who despite his intelligence and religiosity has lost the “path that does not stray” (I.3). Having thus lost touch with the tenets of orthodox Catholicism, a higher power has chosen for him to undertake an epic journey. (The devout are able to identify this power with the one Judeo-Christian God, while pagans and sinners often attribute the impetus behind the Pilgrim’s voyage to fate.)
In Dante’s Inferno, hell is divided into nine “circles” of hell; the higher the number, the more likely the sin and the pain you will endure. However, I do not completely agree with Dante’s version of hell, perhaps due to the difference in time periods. In this essay, I will be pointing out my concerns with Dante’s description of hell and how I would recreate hell if I were Dante. The first level of hell in the Inferno is for those unbaptized yet virtuous. Although some did not have a sinful life, if they did not accept Christ, they were sent to Limbo.
...ards monstrous figures and sympathy towards those who seem to be tortured unjustly. In his perverse education, with instruction from Virgil and the shades, Dante learns to replace mercy with brutality, because sympathy in Hell condones sin and denies divine justice. The ancient philosopher Plato, present in the first level of Hell, argues in The Allegory of the Cave that truth is possible via knowledge of the Form of the Good. Similarly, Dante acquires truth through a gradual understanding of contrapasso and the recognition of divine justice in the afterlife. Ultimately, Dante recognizes that the actions of the earthly fresh are important because the soul lives on afterwards to face the ramifications. By expressing his ideas on morality and righteousness, Dante writes a work worth reading, immortalizes his name, and exalts the beliefs of his Christian audience.
When Dante and Virgil reach the gate of Hell, Dante is overcome with fear upon reading the inscription above the gate and hearing the screams and lamentations of those inside. He reacts to the inscription by crying out, " ‘Master,’ I said, ‘these words I see are cruel.’ " (III.12). By this he shows his fear of the unknown because he does not yet know exactly what he will witness during his descent. One of Dante’s truest display of fear occurs upon reaching the vile City of Dis. When the "fallen angels" deny the travelers access through the city, Virgil, usually unflappable, even appears shaken up. Understandably, this does not help Dante’s nerves at all. He actually makes a side comment to the reader declaring the terror he felt after the angels had defied Virgil’s request saying: "And now, my reader, consider how I felt / when those foreboding words came to my ears! / I thought I’d never see our world again!" (VIII.
Dante’s Inferno presents the reader with many questions and thought provoking dialogue to interpret. These crossroads provide points of contemplation and thought. Dante’s graphic depiction of hell and its eternal punishment is filled with imagery and allegorical meanings. Examining one of these cruxes of why there is a rift in the pits of hell, can lead the reader to interpret why Dante used the language he did to relate the Idea of a Just and perfect punishment by God.
Dante's "Inferno" is full of themes. But the most frequent is that of the weakness of human nature. Dante's descent into hell is initially so that Dante can see how he can better live his life, free of weaknesses that may ultimately be his ticket to hell. Through the first ten cantos, Dante portrays how each level of his hell is a manifestation of human weakness and a loss of hope, which ultimately Dante uses to purge and learn from. Dante, himself, is about to fall into the weaknesses of humans, before there is some divine intervention on the part of his love Beatrice, who is in heaven. He is sent on a journey to hell in order for Dante to see, smell, and hear hell. As we see this experience brings out Dante's weakness' of cowardice, wrath and unworthiness. He is lead by Virgil, who is a representation of intellect. Through Dante's experiences he will purge his sins.
In his Divine Comedy, Dante portrays two main types of characters along his journey. There are characters that provide false or misleading information, who are found mainly in the Inferno and the Purgatorio, and those who provide honest and beneficial information, found in the Purgatorio and Paradiso. Almost every personage Dante encounters can be easily assigned to one of these two categories. For instance, Francesca da Rimini clearly provides bad council to Dante when she attempts to gain his sympathy for her predicament. Similarly, Beatrice is a paragon of righteousness who aims to bring Dante back from his sojourn of the upright path when Dante had l...
... Moreover, such belief in human reason signifies Dante's hope towards a bright society and the pursuit of God’s love as the other part of self-reflection. In conclusion, a great deal of tension and contrast between “dark” and “light” in The Inferno helps us to explore Dante’s self portrait—he fears dangerous desires and sinful darkness, but shows much courage and hope towards life since he nevertheless follows his guide Virgil to dive into horrible Hell. As shown in Canto I, such emotional reaction to dark and light symbols lays a great foundation for developing Dante’s broad and universal traits as his journey progresses.
Dante experiences a vision, at the age of 35, after experiencing traumatic events in his hometown of Florence. The events that are occurring in Florence at the time are associated with papal corruption and cause Dante to be forced into exile. Following the vision, which confirms to Dante that he has strayed from the right path in life, Dante begins his travel through the three realms, which contain the possible consequences following a person’s death. Dante’s journey begins on Good Friday, when he is escorted to the gates of Hell, moves to Purgatory and ends in Heaven. However, an escort accompanies him for duration of his journey. Virgil, who Dante has long admired, escorts Dante through Hell and...
Seeing as this work was written by Dante, and the journey is taken by Dante, he has a unique opportunity to judge his fellow man and decide how they will be punished. He also gets to place his enemies in hell, forever besmirching their names for generations to remember. Perhaps unknowing to Dante, that is worse than any of the punishments that he placed his enemies in. The reality of The Inferno is unlikely and therefore these punishments are nothing but a fictiona...
Dante uses the voices of the damned to point
In conclusion, in order to succeed in his journey of enlightenment through hell, Dante uses active perception and self-reflection. Active perception occurs when one regards something or someone and learns from that observation; this type of perception combines both seeing and learning. Bad perception, on the other hand, occurs when one is simply staring passively at a subject for a lengthy period of time without gaining anything substantial in the exchange. Lastly, Dante learns about himself when he sees Alberigo. He sees a mirror image of himself in him, because Alberigo is also alive in hell.