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To kill a mockingbird gender roles
Racism in modern days
To kill a mockingbird gender roles
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The Dangers of Prejudice
To Kill a Mockingbird, a novel that transcends time, and holds its relevance today. Throughout the trial and conviction of Tom Robinson, you see how racial prejudice skewed the judgement of people, and caused turmoil. In the novel, To Kill A Mockingbird, Harper Lee emphasizes the blatant issues of sexism, racism, and social class and how these issues can manifest in a community and affect their judgment. Throughout the novel, sexism is shown through the eyes of Scout and the women of Maycomb. Early on in the novel, there is a sense that women are not respected in the community. As Dill is living in Maycomb in the summer, Scout says, “He staked me out, marked as his property, said I was the only girl he would ever
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During the novel, Scout goes to church with Calpurnia. Calpurnia attends an African Americans church, and Scout and Jem are the only white people there. They are not completely welcomed and when Lula sees them, she exclaims to Cal, "You ain't got no business bringin' white chillun here—they got their church, we got our'n. It is our church, ain't it, Miss Cal?” (Lee 136). The racism in this community causes a divide between people. Even though Scout and Jem are not doing anything to Lula, Lula is still cold and unwelcoming. Society is causing Lula to think white people should not go to church with black people. Similarly, during the trial of Tom Robinson, racism played a huge part. As Bob Ewell testifies against Tom, he says, "I seen that black ni**** yonder ruttin' on my Mayella!” (Lee 196). During the trial of Tom Robinson, Tom is belittled and accused of a crime he did not commit. Bob Ewell, perhaps the most blatant racist in the novel, is disrespecting Tom constantly. He is not using Tom’s name, instead he is using a derogatory term, and amplifying Tom’s race. It shows that Tom’s race is insulting to Bob. He also uses the term “ruttin” , which is commonly used with animals. He is demeaning Tom, and the community let’s Bob get away with it. This event shows how corrupted the community …show more content…
When Scout wants to play with Walter Cunningham, her aunt denies Scout and says, 'I'll tell you why' she said. 'Because-he-is-trash, that's why you can't play with him,” (Lee 256). This idea of social class divides the town of Maycomb. It causes the Cunninghams to be isolated and marginalized. The community does not want anything to do their family. They are seen as “trash”, and Scout is not allowed to play with Walter. The fact that Scout is unable to associate with Walter shows the social divide. Her aunt thinks that their family was better than the Cunninghams, and therefore should not be seen with them. Jem also has a sense of the social classes and states, “There’s four kinds of folks in the world. There’s the ordinary kind like us and the neighbors, there’s the kind like the Cunninghams out in the woods, the kind like the Ewells down at the dump, and the Negroes,” (Lee 258). Jem illustrates that Maycomb is divided by social class. The “ordinary” people like Jem’s family are seen as superior. The worst thing is that African Americans are at the bottom of the social classes. The people who are not at the top of the social class are excluded and marginalized. They are judged and often ridiculed. This prejudice is causing the community to separate, and there is a lack of empathy and
Accused of raping a poor white girl, innocent Tom Robinson is now faced with a desperate trial. “The evil assumption-that all Negroes lie, that all Negroes are basically immoral beings, that all Negro men are not to be trusted around our women, an assumption one associates with minds of their caliber.” (Lee 273). Atticus delivers a powerful speech to the courthouse audience highlighting the disturbing truth of the unfair society. Although there was substantial evidence proving Tom’s innocence against Mayella Ewell, Tom was convicted for the rape the Ewell’s made up to disguise their guilty faults. The stereotypical accusation of the unjustifiable verdict costed Tom his life, when he grew “tired of white men’s chances and preferred to take his own.” (Lee 315). There are always two sides to a story and specifically someone from the black community had their strong opinion on those of the white community. When Calpurnia brought Jem and Scout to her church, they were interrogated by an angered Lula. “You ain’t got no business bringin’ white chillun here-they got their church, we got our’n.” (Lee 158). Lula makes a stereotypical judgement, after seeing Jem and Scout she immediately labels them white, and we can infer her thoughts are pulled from her prior knowledge of the stereotypical racist white community. She has never met Jem and Scout yet is quick to group
In conclusion, racial discrimination is evident within To Kill a Mockingbird through many of the characters. Examples of this form of discrimination are Scout Finch getting stabbed by Bob Ewell, Atticus almost being attacked by a lynch mob, and Tom Robinson being shot seventeen times. One trial brought an innocent man to his premature death, a child to being assaulted by a grown man, and a father merely doing the right thing. Jean Louise “Scout” Finch, Atticus Finch, and Tom Robinson were affected by racial discrimination throughout the entire novel.
A small city nestled in the state of Alabama, Maycomb has got its faults, just like any other place in the world, but one of its main faults or (pg.88) “Maycomb's usual disease,” as Atticus calls it in the book is prejudice. Jem and Scout learn a lot about prejudice when a black man named Tom Robinson is accused of raping a white woman named Mayella Ewell and their father, Atticus, is called on to be his lawyer. They realize the hate that people have buried deep within their heart when they see a black man accused of doing something only because of his color. On pg.241, Scout starts understanding this and thinks, “Atticus had used every tool available to free men to save Tom Robinson, but in the secret courts of men's hearts Atticus had no case. Tom was a dead man the minute Mayella Ewell opened her mouth and screamed.” As the case continues, up until the death of Tom Robinson, Jem and Scout learn more and more about prejudice and how the hate that people have towards others causes them to take wrong actions. They also see how unfair it is that a white man can get treated better and think of himself better than a black man only because he was born white. This prejudice and the trial cause Jem and Scout to get in argum...
Tom Robinson’s trial, and in fact his entire life, was badly affected by racism. It is truly a testament to the corruption of society when a person who has earned a bad reputation is held in higher esteem than a person who was born with it, as is the case with Bob Ewell and Tom Robinson. Even though Tom was obviously honest in his testament, the jury sided with Bob Ewell because he was white. They made this decision despite the fact that the Ewell family was widely known to be a worthless part of society. Jem, not being racially prejudiced, could not understand this mentality. As Atticus pointed out, “If you (Jem) had been on the jury, son, and eleven other boys like you, Tom would be a free man.”
The themes of prejudice and tolerance are conveyed strongly through the characters and their dilemmas. Jem and Scout learn of the prejudice of the town Maycomb to Atticus defending a black man, Tom Robinson. However, Miss Maudie, Calpurnia and several others show that not everyone in Maycomb are so judgemental. Jem and Scout also learn how to deal with situations sensibly from their father, they learn how to be tolerant. Thus, the novel?s characters demonstrate both prejudice and tolerance.
According to Jem, ““There's four kinds of folks in the world. There's the ordinary kind like us and the neighbors, there's the kind like the Cunninghams out in the woods, the kind like the Ewells down in the dumb, and the negroes”” (Lee 206). Scout responds, “‘Naw, Jem, I think there’s just one kind of folks. Folks’” (Lee 227). Scout had a deeper appreciation for social equality.
Inside the book, we learned that most black people could not read. Also, it was showing that most of the black people were accepting of Jem and Scout. A man, Zeebo, who arose from the crowd said, “we’re mighty glad to have you all here. Don’t pay no ‘tention to Lula, she contentious because Reverend Sykes threatened to church her” (Lee 159). Out of all the people attending the black church at that time, Lula was the only person who was against Jem and Scout attending the black church with Calpurnia.
Besides discrimination and white privilege, gender discrimination also plays a role in this novel/film. Jem and Scout have grown up without a mother, and has a black house servant, Calpurnia, stand as a mother figure even though her and Scout do not get along. Throughout the movie, Scout is portrayed as not wanting to wear dresses and not acting “ladylike” as Calpurnia says. These two clash throughout the film because of Calpurnia’s expectations of being a “lady” and how Scout takes “being a girl” as an
Like Everyone except the teacher knows about the Cunninghams and how they have no money or the Ewells and how they only go on the first day of school. Jem claims that they're only 4 kinds of people in the world for example, he states “There’s four kind of folks in the world. There’s the ordinary kind like us and the neighbors, there’s the kind like the Cunninghams out in the woods, the kind like the Ewells down at the dump, and the Negroes.” (Lee 258). Most towns probably have those families that everyone knows about and their ways.
But they’re not our kind of folks (300).”This quote shows that the social classes of Maycomb are not perceived equally and are judged based on preconceived notions. This quote is Aunt Alexandra ’s reply to Scout when Scout asks if she can have Walter Cunningham over sometime, but Aunt Alexandra says no because she believes the Cunninghams are not on the Finch’s ‘level’ and aren’t worthy of socializing with them. By learning this, Maycomb’s classism becomes
Unfortunately for Tom Robinson (male african american) his paths crossed with the daughter of a proud white family that left him in a dreadful situation. Tom Robinson is accused of rape by the Ewell family. The reason the Ewell’s accuse him of a crime he did not commit is because to them he is dispensable, his life being thrown away is a better alternative than being criticized by one of their neighbors. ” She reached up an’ kissed me ‘side of th’ face. She says she never kissed a grown man before an’ she might as well kiss a nigger” (Lee 260).
Another way racism is shown in Calpurnia’s church is when Lula told Calpurnia to “Stop right there nigger”. This is another sign of racism in the
In Harper Lee’s To Kill a Mockingbird there are many times throughout the novel where people of Maycomb are prejudice towards others because of many different things. Some of these are; Gender and what each gender can and cannot do, also Social Differences which is when someone in Maycomb is not like everyone else, and poverty which is when someone does not have as much money as everyone else. These three examples are three out of the many that can be found in the novel showing just how prejudice Maycomb is.
Being a poor white man with rude and unmannered conduct, Bob Ewell is the epitome of a racist. He accuses Tom Robinson of assaulting his daughter, believing Tom Robinson’s race to be all evidence necessary towards the allegation. During the trial, Bob Ewell throws out hateful and offensive words towards Tom, addressing only his race, never his name. Bob Ewell fits the template of a bigot well, distributing ill intent towards those who oppose him or his ideals. Following the trial, the reader is informed of various times of Bob Ewell’s evil intent and actions, one regarding Tom’s wife, Helen Robinson.
Her attitude towards any group or person that she considers to be lower than her on the social pyramid of Maycomb is distinguished. For example, with her attitude towards the Cunninghams, when Scout suggests she should invite one over. Lee writes, “She took off her glasses and stared at me, ‘I’ll tell you why,’ she said. Because-he-is-trash, that’s why you can’t play with him, picking up his habits and learning Lord-knows-what.’” This shows her symbolism of the high class society.