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Social hierarchy in Shakespeare's time
The social context of the Elizabethan era
Elizabethan era social classes
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In the book Cue for Treason social status and the hierarchy had a great affect on the characters of the story. The book Cue for Treason, written by Geoffrey Trease took place in the Elizabethan Era, a time where your social ranking decided your power and importance. The hierarchy had a great affect on many people included in this book, such as the Queen who was thought as the keystone of peace, Sir Philip who abused his ranking for power, and the lower class that were widely manipulated by higher rankings. Social status certainly had influenced the actions of the characters and the whole plot in general.
To start with, the lower class had no great influence in the affairs of the people higher in the hierarchy, and were easily controlled. The people of Cumberland could not openly fight Sir Philip back, since they would be heavily overpowered by Sir Philip‘s men and magistrates. For example, this is showed when they planned a retaliation against Sir Philip for building a wall around their land, and on page 18 when the book said, “Sir Philip could do nothing to the whole village, but if he got proof against one or two individual men, he’d try to get his revenge on them.” This showed that they couldn’t do anything openly due to their lack of power and status. Also, in Sir Philip’s plan people of the lower class, especially old northern families, were planned to be used like pawns. An example of this is showed on page 238 when the book says, “Many of the old county families hated her, and especially in the North, because she stood for the new ways and they for the old. This tells us that these lower class families were great assets to have for Sir Philip‘s plan of going against the Queen. Furthermore, people fully involved in Sir Ph...
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...wed that the death of the Queen would have triggered all these tragedies. As a result of all these points the hierarchy definitely had a strong influence on peoples lives back then.
Social ranking and the hierarchy certainly proved to have a large presence among the people of that time. The frailty of the lower class, the greed of Sir Philip, the importance of her majesty the Queen, all these points do a great job in supporting the strength and affect the hierarchy had on its the people. Although the hierarchy and social ranking did have some negative influence on the people, it did a good job in keeping people in line. Despite the fact there were some major flaws with the hierarchy system back then, like great differences in power between rankings and corruption, it surely did its job of protecting the people from even bigger problems that could have occurred.
Another source of opposition to Charles’ personal rule was that of the parliament and Charles’ financial expenditure. Charles’ personal rule lasted 11 long years in which he didn’t call parliament for any money or subsidies. To finance his problems, he used his position of power as king to call upon favours and rules that enabled him to gain money without calling parliament. One of these was selling titles. Distraint of Knighthood. This was where men who owned estates worth £40 per annum were in theory supposed to present them to be knighted at a new King’s coronation. Charles thus fined people for not doing so even though the practice had...
During the Stuarts, the only people who had the liquid cash to pay for the needs of the modern government were primarily the middle-class and gentry, which were represented by the parliament. The “awkward, hand-to-mouth expedients” (38) of the Stuarts agitated by the differences in expectations of governance, brought them into conflict with their primary tax base. The impatience of the eventual rebels was exacerbated by their Stuart’s disregard for the traditional balance between the crown and the parliament, as they were Scottish royals who had only dealt with a very weak
The upper echelons belonged to the aristocracy whose positions were granted them by birth and within this group there was a hierarchical system. The king was at the top of the hierarchy and the gentry at the bottom. Wood describes the gentlemen of the gentry as a help to the commoners. These men lent money to those of lower social standing and also purchased goods from them as well as acted as their representatives to the higher social structures. In turn the commoners paid allegiance to the gentlemen through conscription and political support.
The last two centuries have been full of drastic changes in the human condition. Today, we tend to overlook just how drastic those changes were. Britain during the late 18th Century provides an excellent example because both the Industrial Revolution and the French Revolution were chipping away at the established social order. In Britain, the aristocracy had ruled in relative stability since the medieval period. There were power struggles but the ideology of privilege remained untouchable. British society considered privilege a reward for refinement and expected a gentleman to distinguish himself by following a specific code of conduct. However, his duty and honor depended on more than a code; he also had to feel sympathy for the weaker sex and the lower classes and know when to act accordingly. This sensibility made him “gentle” and a just participant in the governing process. In the 1790’s and 1800’s these gentlemanly ideals were eroding. Yet, while the British did not guillotine their nobles like the French did, many still said that rapid change could unravel the delicate balance of society perpetuated by a refined nobility. The rise of merchants and industrialists into the ranks of the upper class graphically illustrated a shift toward individual success and the selfish ideology of capitalism. Gentlemen through birth and education were losing ground to these nouveaux-rich and consequently the ruling class disconnected further from their communities.
“As a new society, the country lacked the emphasis on social hierarchy and status differences characteristic of postfuedal and monarchical cultures.” (Pg.5)
Throughout the chapter “Hierarchy”, Wood explores this structure and how traditional it was. Wood continuously reminds the readers of the fact that “in some respects colonial society [is] more traditional than that of the mother country,” (Wood 12). Hierarchy was very ingrained into the colonists’ minds and since the colonists were still subjects of the King of England, they followed much of the monarchial structure that was set in England. The monarchial structure is essentially the same as hierarchy, except with one person at the top instead of a group of people. Wood notes that the colonists had no other social system to derive from than England’s, so many similarities between both societies existed. Also, the fact that Americans were fascinated by the King and perhaps more patriotic than the English people became a large part of the reason why Americans believed “hierarchy of a monarchial society was part of the natural order of things,” (Wood
There is the need to point out that, yes, the aristocracy is evil; there exists little dispute of that, but it bears repeating. Since Dickens is fond of representative characters, look at Marquis Evrémonde. When the Marquis is introduced, he is described “with a face like a fine mask.” (Dickens 114) Then, after enjoying “the common people … barely escaping from being run down,” (Dickens 114) he runs over a kid, hereafter referred to as “the bundle.” (Dickens 115) He then adds egregious insult to grievous injury by asking if his horses are okay and remarking, “...
Charles I is a prime example of what happens when a person is born into their position of King and believes that he has absolute control over the people in his country. The belief that you were selected by god and are specially chosen puts a very twisted reality to a person with such power. The amount of pressure put on someone born into royalty is very hig...
In one case, the lifestyle of upper classman and hierarchy are accurately portrayed in Romeo & Juliet. According to “The Experiences of Life in Early Modern Europe, 1500-1650” the “European society was supposedly divided into two status groups- nobles and commoners. Nobility implied certain privileges, notably the title granted and the right to bear a coat of arms” (The Experiences of… para 4). Shakespeare clearly portrays these classes with the friends and families of Romeo and Juliet. The families thought themselves superior to others, although they did not stand high enough to the Prince, they clearly boasted about their social standing, comparing themselves to others, as Shakespeare shows with many of the scenes in his play, including the scene with the nurse at the Capulet’s party. The nobility also possessed political rights because of this “…there were clear hierarch...
John Wyclif and the people who followed him reflected how royal authority could be b...
Social class is an underlying factor to which all characters run their lives. It is always a priority and influenced most, if not every part of their lives. Most of the characters in the novel respect the rules of class and are always trying to climb the social ladder. Or if they are atop this ladder, they make it a mission that they remain there. Mrs. Bennet tried very hard to have her daughters marry the most socially advanced men and in the end the daughters chose socially respectable men. Elizabeth at first preached against marriage for money, but strangely mocked herself by marrying the richest of them all.
...udice in the social ladder. The Bennet family, although wealthy, was looked down upon, is relation to their social status. They were seen as low on the social ladder, because they had "new money." Lady Catherine, is another example of pride and prejudice displayed through social status, "Now and then they were honoured with a call from her ladyship, and nothing escaped her observation…" Lady Catherine noticed flaws in everyone and used her position and title of "Lady" to rise above everyone and make herself seem superior to them. Her position gives her pride and she flaunts it in a negative way.
Social class played a major role in the society depicted in Charles Dickens's Great Expectations. Social class determined the manner in which a person was treated and their access to education. Yet, social class did not define the character of the individual.
Aristocracy has a rich and important history as a revolutionary form of government. It was one of the earliest governments to move power away from a single ruler. In its definition, aristocracy was meant to be the rule of well suited individuals. Differing opinions within the group of rulers pushed towards an early way of working together and compromising on laws and policies. This pushed future societies closer to democracy/republicanism. Group decision making opened the door to leaders accepting other people’s opinions and working together. It also taught how to share power and not preserve it all for one person. On the other hand, many people judge this form of government as unfair and biased, and for good reason. Most aristocrats were extremely rich had been rich their entire lives. Many...
...y a set of expectations and values that are established on mannerisms and conduct challenged by Elizabeth. From this novel, it is evident that the author wrote it with awareness of the class issues that affect different societies. Her annotations on the fixed social structure are important in giving a solution to the current social issues; that even the class distinctions and restrictions can be negotiated when an individual turns down bogus first impression s.