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The song dynasty
The song dynasty
The influence of Chinese culture
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During the Post-Classical Era, many inter-reigonal networks were created, and many other trade networks that became gateways for the spread of religion, as well as the development of cultures, were expanded. With these expansions came the development of economic integration and a market economy. Increased agricultural production helped facilitate the development of trade. Along with the expansion of the Tang and Song dynasties in China, the influence of Chinese goods, inventions and religion became evident in many distinct parts of the Indian Ocean Basin. Contacts were thus created, as a result of increased trade and state expansion. These Chinese goods often influenced the cultures that they reached. They also brought along ideas, as well as things that would revolutionize cultures.
It must be initially noted that the documents given today are either historical artifacts, or excerpts that cannot fully describe the vastness of the trade. What is lacking in the given documents are documents from the African point of view. The documents given cannot fully encapsulate the complexities of the trade without documents from the African point of view. Furthermore, it should be noted that none of the documents provided were created by women. The lack of women in the authoring of the documents provides a strictly patriarchal view. This view hinders the understanding of the social aspect of this prompt.
The expansion of Ancient China in the Post Classical Era, in the Tang dynasty, lead to a lot of Chinese goods being exchanged to parts of the Indian Ocean Basin even reaching to parts of Africa. The spread of these goods created inter regional networks. Analyzing Doc 1, it is a piece of paper with Chinese calligraphy on it. Paper was inve...
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...nal aspect of cross cultural interactions and inter-regional trade is the vastness of which items and inventions spread. In the Song dynasty, the expansion of economy as well as agricultural production prompted the development of roads. With these roads, the people could travel easier, and further. This is the case of Doc 5, in which a Chinese vase was found in Kenya. Because this vase was found thousands of miles away from China, it can be inferred that the Chinese were able to trade very far away, even further than the Indian Ocean Basin, entering into Africa. In Doc 6, Ibn Battuta, the traveller, notices that the ships in the port of Yemen were very developed. He describes the many goods that were traded, as well as the Indians that worked at the ports. These facts added together represent the vastness of the cross cultural interactions in the post classical era.
To begin, around 4000 B.C.E., China’s biggest seller was Silk. In fact, that’s mostly why the Silk Road was built! Everyone wanted some of China’s beautiful silk. In India, everyone traveled for spices as Christopher Columbus...attempted. But that was in the 1400’s. Around 50 C.E., the Kushan Empire started to take over these countries and the road after the Han Empire was overthrown. In the Background Essay, it says “Starting in 50 CE, another Asian Empire took shape and began profiting
Before the Modern Era, international communication was not prevalent. Many factions were present between distant regions in the world, and regional trade flourished between lands that were close in proximity. Lands in the Americas or South America did not experience a strong connection to lands further east due to these gaps in communication. However, due to the emergence of silver, regional economies all combined to form one global economy. In this global economy, different, distant regions interacted through a common trade. Silver production, common from the 1500s to 1750, helped global interactions flourish. Different regions, specifically China and the Philippines, Spain and its colonies, and England collectively experienced shifts in their societies and economies through a combined need to interpose themselves in this global flow of silver, that was then expanded upon through different methods of gaining silver.
In documents one and two they explain and evaluate the trading system and routes of the African empires, kingdoms, and cities. Document one shows the layout of the Aksum trade center and the routes which lead to and from it. Aksum is an empire located right by the Red Sea, its location made it an important international trading center. African trade centers mainly focused on the exchanges of salt and gold. Since the red sea ports are controlled by the rea sea and Aksum was located right by it, its locations made it the center of the trade center. However, in document two it describes the trans-Saharan gold and salt trade. The trans-Saharan gold and salt trade was controlled by the rich and powerful Ghana kingdom. The king had shields
African society used bodies of water such as the Nile, the Red Sea, and many more to transport goods across the continent and generate profit. For example, the city of “Aksum reached its height between 325-360. Aksum’s location made it an important international trading center.” After analyzing the map of trade routes in Document 1, it is clear Aksum was strategically built to have ties to the Red Sea and the Gulf of Aden. These two bodies of water give the city the freedom to import and export goods. Additionally, this work of trade did not come without reward. Cities who succeeded in the business became overly wealthy and had surpluses of gold and other riches. A king, Mansa Mansa, who expanded the Mali kingdom to be twice the size of Ghana, was not afraid to show his wealth as he showered other cities in riches out of generosity. In Cairo, Egypt, “there was no person, officer of the court, or holder of any office of the Sultanate who did not receive a sum of gold from him.” This is just one of the many examples of wealth in african cities and empires. What is impressive is the fact that before European trade became an influence, African people had already created a successful and very profitable system of
...ecause of conflict or the desire for the possession of more land or the resources which come with that land. Commerce is a way of life, and ideas are exchanged throughout it. A first-hand account from a Muslim bureaucrat of how ideas of Muslim people were incorporated into the Mongolian Empire would have helped support the fact that war does indeed bring new people to new places. Another document that would have helped support the subject of travel as a factor in cultural exchange would have been an account of a station owner in a city such as Cambaluc, where Marco Polo traveled. This would have helped because stations were the present-day equivalent of hotels, and a station owner would have met and spoken to several people from distinct cultures. Altogether, factors affecting the cultures of civilizations can be added by wars, travelers, and businessmen.
As new ideas traveled main trade routes, such as the Silk Road and the Mediterranean, the effects of such were felt through an influx of contact between countries due to increased desire for new information and countries gaining a larger presence on the world stage. This phenomenon can also be seen through the lens of cultural exchange that took place during this same time period in Eurasia. A major component of the Eurasian trade networks, such as the Silk Road and Indian Ocean, was that they fostered interregional contacts that had ceased to previously exist. When a country had a desire for study or technology, they earned more respect on the global stage. This can be further examined by looking at Marco Polo’s voyage into Asia.
2.) The Asian sea trading network was traditionally divided into three distinct sections that each handled certain types of goods. With the arrival of the Europeans, these zones became blurred as there was an increase of trade between each zone and Europeans bolstered the textile and spice trade with their efforts in joining the trade system. Due to large amounts of trade, trading factories and ports were established all throughout Southeast Asia, establishing permanent points of trade, widening the area that the network influenced.
During the classical era, there were shifts worldwide with regards to economic imports and exports. As many societies transformed from hunting-gathering societies into specialization societies, global trade networks expanded. This led to the founding and growth of many complex trade networks, both on land and by sea. Two notable trade networks were the Mediterranean Sea network and the Silk Road. The Mediterranean Sea is in Europe, and the trade network lined the shores of Turkey and North Africa. The Silk Road was trans-Asian. It reached from China to the Eastern Mediterranean. While these networks had multiple similarities in their expansion and spread of religion and ideas, there were many differences. These included the type of materials
The National Archives | Exhibitions & Learning online | Black presence | Africa and the Caribbean. (n.d.). Retrieved March 18, 2014, from http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/pathways/blackhistory/africa_caribbean/africa_trade.htm
A couple of reasons that supported my claim are document A and C carry salt , Also ore has been very common for Document A,C,F . Another Reason There goods are similar because their is gold in costa Rica and colombia also arabia and Ethiopia has frankincense and those items are very luxury and gold is a high currency . Last but not least Ethiopia and Adan distribute Frankincense . I got his information In document A,C,F.
The first leg of this trade was merchants from Europe bringing refined goods to Africa to trade for slaves. The merchants traded with chiefs and high authority leaders. The chiefs pretty much could and would trade whomever they
Banknotes, books, and accurate navigational tools have become a part of daily life for many people. Yet, they don’t recognize that these everyday objects didn't always exist. Not to mention, they all emerged in the same region, near the same time, and diffused along similar paths. The mariner’s compass, block printing, paper money, and several types of paper were all developed and used during the Tang dynasty, and they had a great impact on China. Knowledge of these creations was spread by groups of people and animals along the Silk Road, sub-Saharan, and Indian Ocean trade routes.
This investigation attempts to analyze the Silk Road’s impact on cultural diffusion. The Silk Road was a trade route connecting Eastern China to the Mediterranean regions. It was incredibly important because it brought Europe, Asia, and the Middle East together in trade, and allowed them to trade goods and ideas. The parameters are the cultural diffusion east meets west and the spread of religion. It will focus on the time period between the 2nd and the late 17th centuries and the places investigated will be the west, (made up of Europe and the Middle-East) and the east (which refers to most of Asia, although in this investigation it will focus mostly on China). This will be accomplished through a thorough examination of historical books such as Horizon Book Division’s History of China, John S. Bowman’s Exploration in the World of the Ancients, and Daniel Waugh’s “THE SILK ROADS IN HISTORY”.
The Silk Road was a dealer’s marketplace in 120 BCE–1450s, that went through China and throughout Mesopotamia. At the time, Silk was a trade product highest in demand, but it was a fibre being reserved for the usage of the Chinese imperial court in making fabrics and materials. Asia gradually created a place where cultures could be learned and diverse societies could create success, playing a main consideration in Asia’s history despite taking several years to take off and gain popularity.. Since there was a rich diversity in cultures and people, this allowed the worldwide commercial center to spread different cultural thoughts, convictions, and ways of life crosswise over Europe
The Europeans saw Africa as being a great place to obtain all types of resources from labor to natural materials. Items such as cotton, coal, rubber, copper, tin, gold, and other metals were considered very valuable and readily available in Africa (Nardo). The industrial revolution had already become a strong influence on the countries that attended the Conference. They had spent the past...