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How important culture is in studying literature
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After Lajja the controversial novel which brought Taslima Nasrin to the limelight, French Lover her second novel created a huge expectation among her readers and critics. The readers anticipated another fatwa for Nasrin which will ruin the reputation of the writer or at the least a ban on this book which will leave her writing career at stake. But Nasrin’s French Lover broke the preconceived notion the readers developed even before the book was published in 2001. It was originally written in Bengali as Phorashi Premik and was translated into English by Sreejata Guha as French Lover. The English translation was received well throughout the world though it was not a best-seller like the novels by Kamala Das who deals with similar subject. The …show more content…
French lover was neither controversial nor celebrated by the readers and critics. In fact very few criticisms and articles are written and printed about this novel. The reason for choosing this novel amidst her other sensational novels is because of the negative criticism that has concealed the true worth of the novel. This article tries to find a place that the novel deserves, in the literary canon. A psycho-dynamics study on French lover will open the gateway to the female psyche which in turn will lead to the proper understanding of the place it deserves in …show more content…
He takes her to his restaurant where she meets Kishanlal’s staff, who were mostly Bengali men. After a long time she feels in ‘place’ while talking to these people. She feels rejuvenated with the few cups of tea and a hearty chat in Bengali with them. Followed by Kishanlal’s orders the Bengali men got back to work and Nila leaves the restaurant half-heartedly. Nila is in a trance when she sees the city streets bustling with energy from all sides. Kishnalal takes Nila to the supermarket that evening. She was surprised to find a whole new world inside it. After the shopping, Nila understands Kishan’s indirect command that, “Shopping done, cookery book bought; now it was up to her to get into the kitchen and start cooking dinner” (40). She realises that her life was back to square
A reoccurring theme that will be discussed in the literature review as well as the chapter on The Captive will discuss the ways in which the use of the voice (or lack of) in Irene and Madame d’ Aiguines character is a signifier of their lesbianism. Sherrie
It is my intention to compare the book, Dangerous Liaisons by Choderlos de Laclos, to its modern movie version, Cruel Intentions starring Sarah Michelle Gellar. I intend to examine how the original French text was modified in reference to plot, character, morals/values, and themes. I also plan to discuss how these transformations change the meaning of the story and reflect different cultural/historical contexts. There are some major differences between these two works, if only because of when they were written.
The central characters, setting, and tone of the story help create the central idea of the psychological and internal desires of a woman. Through the view of the central characters it is established that the lawyer’s wife wants more than her average day and is searching for more to life than the daily routine of a house wife. Jean Varin is believed to be the desire she is looking for; however, she is not fulfilled or happy with the outcome of her choices. The setting and the tone reveal the psychological need for the wife to have an adventurous, lavish, and opulent lifestyle that she feels can only be achieved in Paris.
In the short story “The Cheater’s Guide to Love” by Junot Diaz, the author pinpoints on the Yunior’s life as a writer and college professor who is also struggling with his romantic relationships. The short story is filled with his experiences of using women for his beneficial needs and how it negatively affects him. It focuses on Yunior’s downfall through life after the destruction of his relationship with his fiance. The diction includes the narrator’s hateful consideration of women and a paradox of his own endeavors which prevent him from pursuing a meaningful relationship, but he grows to realize that he treats women awfully and his ex did the right thing by leaving him due to his untruthfulness.
...tion of both methods can be used to show France’s idea of what love is. Patrick John Ireland argued that France’s idea of love “is a human force controlled by man with great difficulty; it is a spontaneous, natural, and all-consuming power, the experience of which leads to an almost blind passion at times” (133). To be in love, one must be entirely devoted and passionate to one another to the point of blind passion. This is so for Yonec (the Princess jumps out of the tower) and Lanval (Lanval’s complete rejection of the human world until he is brought into the world of his lover). Not only does France portray love as natural and all-consuming, but also shows the private and unearthly nature of love that cannot be contained to the realm of the human world. Rather, love transcends the boundaries of the human world and enters into a world where love reigns supreme.
Throughout the history of literature, love has always played a large role in plot because it is a feeling that is universally shared by all humans and has been throughout human history. Spanish culture specifically, tends to be a culture more associated with romance and love than others. It is no surprise that because of this high importance placed on love and romance in Spanish culture that many Spanish authors and playwrights incorporate some form of love into all of their works. Lope De Vega was no exception and was one of the most famous playwrights of his time during the Spanish Golden Age. Something that makes Lope’s plays, specifically some of his unpublished ones such as Fuenteovejuna and Punishment Without Revenge so interesting is not the presence of perfect, harmonious love but rather of corrupt and distorted love within the characters’ relationships in his plays. By writing plays involving imperfect love, Lope comments on the culture around love and marriage of his time and even criticizes it, something Spanish audiences during this time were not ready to handle, which is the reason why some of these plays were never published until recently.
The protagonists, The Marquise de Merteuil and the Vicomte de Valmont, consider it their life’s ambition to sadistically control and dominate those around them through sexual intrigue. These two villains are indeed locked in psychological combat to see who can actually ‘out-do’ the other in stalking, capturing and destroying the souls of others. Taking absolute pleasure in ripping any virtue from the hearts of their prey, Merteuil and Valmont wave their accomplishments in front of each other like spoils of war. The less the chance of surrender, the more relentless is the pursuit.
In today’s world, men and women are perceived equally by the society. In the past, authority and control define men while women are given the characteristic of helplessness. Men are able to get hold of high positions while women usually are subservient to them. In movies, we would usually see women portray roles that are degrading due to the stereotypical notions they associate with this gender group. Moulin Rouge, a movie set during the 1900s narrates the story of a courtesan woman, Satine, as she undergoes hardships to earn money, experiences love but unfortunately, due to her irrational choices, faces tragic consequences at the end. Satine is a symbol of how women are being treated by the society during the era before post-feminism, where men have superiority over women. As the plot develops, Satine transforms from a worthless prostitute to someone who is courageous and willing to face her fears in order to attain her aspirations. Psychoanalyst theory and feminist analysis are apparent throughout the film. The male gaze, fantasy and feminism are three topics that will be covered in depth in this essay through relating it to the movie.
———"The Failure of Sex and Love in the Philosophy of Jean-Paul Sartre," Philosophy Research Archives. Vol. XI,1985.
Through the characters' dialogue, Hemingway explores the emptiness generated by pleasure-seeking actions. Throughout the beginning of the story, Hemingway describes the trivial topics that the two characters discuss. The debate about the life-changing issue of the woman's ...
(6) Simone deBeauvoir, The Second Sex, translated by H.M. Parshley (New York: Random House, 1972) p. xxx
In The Stranger, Camus portrays women as unnecessary beings created purely to serve materialistically and satisfy males through the lack of a deep, meaningful, relationship between Meursault and females. Throughout the text, the main character, Meursault, creates closer, more meaningful relationships with other minor characters in the story. However, in his interactions with females in this book, Meursault’s thoughts and actions center on himself and his physical desires, observations, and feelings, rather than devoting his attention to the actual female. Living in Algiers in the 1960s, Meursault originates from a post-modernist time of the decline in emotion. Meursault simply defies the social expectations and societal ‘rules’, as post-modernists viewed the world. Rather than living as one gear in the ‘machine’ of society, Meursault defies this unwritten law in the lackluster relationships between he and other females, as well as his seemingly blissful eye to society itself. In The Stranger, males, not females, truly bring out the side of Meursault that has the capacity for compassion and a general, mutual feeling relationship. For example, Marie and Meursault’s relationship only demonstrate Meursault’s lack of an emotional appetite for her. Also, with the death of Maman, Meursault remains virtually unchanged in his thoughts and desires.
Historically, power has been manifested hierarchically within the social training of genders. Simone De Beauvoir’s concept of ‘otherness’ has theorized how individuals’ personal manifestations of self are influenced deeply by their social position and the available power to them within these circumstances (2000:145). She remains one of the first to develop a feminist philosophy of women. In her book The Second Sex (1950), Beauvoir provides “a philosophical account of the development of patriarchal society and the condition of women within it” (Oliver, 1997:160). Beauvoir’s fundamental initial analysis begins by asking, “what is woman” and concludes woman is “other” and always defined in relation to man (Beauvoir, 2000:145). “He is the Subject,
Feminist criminology is the study of crime in terms of gender for example why men commit more crime than women, why women do more petty crimes, like shop lifting, than violent crime, sexism in the court system, and female victimization. Feminist criminology contains many branches. Liberal, radical, Marxist, and socialist feminism are widely recognized, although other "strands" exist such as postmodernism and ecofeminism. Most feminist criminology involves critiques about how women offenders have been ignored, distorted, or stereotyped within traditional criminology, but there is no shortage of separate theories and modifications of existing theories.
This essay will analyze and critique Michel Foucault’s (1984) essay The Use of Pleasure in order to reveal certain internal weaknesses it contains and propose modifications that would strengthen his reading of sexuality as a domain of moral self-formation. In order to do so, it will present a threefold critique of his work. Firstly, it will argue that that his focus on solely the metric of pleasure divorced from its political manifestations underemphasizes state power as a structuring principle of sexuality. Secondly, it will posit that his attention to classical morality privileges written works by male elites and fails to account for the subtexts that would demonstrate other forms of morality. Finally, it will argue that the nature of actors’ resistance to moral codes, explicated through Butler’s concept of iterability and signification, is an important factor that should also be considered. As a result of this critique, this essay