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Neurological Disorders ECCO answers
Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease critics
Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease critics
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Recommended: Neurological Disorders ECCO answers
Learning about neurological disorders has been a bit of a hobby for some time now. I was an active member for about 2 years in my high school’s Psychology Club led by the school’s psychology teacher. Due to the teacher’s connections, we were able to visit the Johns Hopkins Pediatric Neurology clinic, where we learned about the wide range of neurological disorders children could have, as well as the current cutting edge research being done. Although I have many research areas and topics I would like to explore, if I could conduct research in one particular topic, it would be neurological disorders, more specifically Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. Neurological disorders affect the central and peripheral nervous system. There are over 600 neurological …show more content…
In fact the disease is one of the most misdiagnosed neurological disorders. Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease is a progressive degenerative disorder that usually shows symptoms at around age 60. It causes impaired memory and vision, personality changes, and muscle jerks in the early stage. The disorder progresses until the person is no longer able to move or speak. People with the disease usually die within a year. Diagnosing Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease is difficult because it shares similar early symptoms with other disorders, which often will lead to misdiagnosis. My interest in neurological disorders was inspired a few years ago when a close family friend who was elderly man had contracted the disease. According to his wife, when he began to show early symptoms of memory loss, he went to three physicians who all diagnosed him with Dementia even though it seemed to be progressing quite rapidly. It was only when the man had already lost his bodily functions did they decide to test him again, and diagnose him with Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. He died 2 weeks later after the diagnosis. Ever since that experience, I have developed a keen interest in neurological disorders and the nervous system
Tay-Sachs disease is a rare and fatal genetic disorder that destroys neurons in the brain and spinal cord. The disease appears in three forms, Juvenile Onset, Late Onset (known as LOTS), and the most common form, Infantile (also known as Classic). The differences between the three forms of the disease are related to the age at which the symptoms of the disease begin to form. Tay-Sachs results from a deficiency of the enzyme hexosaminidase A, which plays a vital role in removing a fatty substance, called GM2 gangliosides, from neurons.
During the late 1800’s, there was a time of great change. This was near the end of the industrial revolution in America. Some of the greatest inventions were invented during this time. We still use most of the inventions today, they are just modified to fit the needs of America today. 3 of the major inventions and innovations that came out of this time were the telephone, typewriter, and the incandescent light bulb.
WORLD HEALTH ORGANISATION, 1997. Tabular list of neurological and related disorders. In: WORLD HEALTH ORGANISATION, ed. Application of the International Classification of Diseases to Neurology. Canada: World Health Organisation, p. 153.
Creutzfeldt-Jakob is a fatal, progrossive and incurable neurologic disorder which affects the brain in a destructive way. Globally, it attacks one person in every one million people. Specifically, at United State there are more than 300 cases per year. However, it is extremely complicated to diagnose, so the number of cases might get higher in the future. CJD (Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease) symptoms usually occur in later life for women and men whose ages are between 60 and 70. This essay displays a definition of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease based on its identity, causes, symptoms, risk factors and treatment.
research. All that was known is that Rasmussen’s encephalitis was a degenerative disease of the brain
have been little over 150 cases of the human version of the disease, variant Creutzfeldt - Jakob disease,
...ore work must be done in this area. More work on both the neurobiology of the disease and on the psycho emotional factors that are involved in being able to successfully cope with the condition.
symptoms are not noticeable until the person with the disease reaches their middle years, approximately 30-50. The disease progresses rapidly once the first signs start showing. Within years the symptoms will get severely worse and the person’s quality of life will drastically decrease. Some of these symptoms include uncontrollable body movements, loss of mental stability, and loss of the ability to think. In the later years of the person’s life they will need assistance wit...
The first case of dementia was discovered in 1906 by a German physiatrist Alois Alzheimer. It was first observed in a female patient and she was forty-one years old her name was Auguste D. Dr. Alzheimer observed a decline in the patient’s cognitive abilities. She lost her memory, she exhibited behavioral issues, and she suffered from hallucinations, lost the ability to comprehend language, disorientation and lost her speech. After Augusta’s passing Dr. Alzheimer preformed an autopsy that showed the classic triangles and knots we associate today with Alzheimer. Those triangles and knots are a proteins and plaque. The brain is self looked smaller and had distinct characteristics. Still with modern medicine the only way to diagnose a person with Alzheimer is after their death with an autopsy. (THE ALZHEIMER'S PROJECT, 2014).
Walton, Sir John. Brain’s Diseases of the Nervous System. 9th ed. Oxford University Press. Oxford: 1985.
Prion Disease is an illness that many have not heard about. This is sad because many have died and are dying from this disease that doesn’t yet have a cure. “Prion Disease is a group of conditions that affect the nervous system in humans and animals… these conditions impair brain functions, causing changes in memory, personality, and behavior; a decline in intellectual function (dementia); and abnormal movements particularly difficulty with coordinating movements (ataxia)” (Genetics Home Reference). This is basically the definition of what Prion Disease is and without going into depth it explains how it affects the person that is affected. “In t...
PD is one of the most common neurodegenerative diseases that afflict about 1% of individuals over the age of 65 and its occurrence increases by age. Its symptoms are characterized typically by slow but progressive neurological and non-neurological disabilities such as tremor, memory problems, declining sense of smell, rigidity, drooling, and constipation. PD is also commonly associated with other psychiatric diseases e.g. depression, anxiety and psychosis.
In 1906, Dr. Alois Alzheimer discovered a “peculiar disease”. Dr. Alzheimer was an expert in linking symptoms to microscopic brain changes. Dr. Alzheimer noticed changes in the brain tissue of Auguste D., a patient who had died of an unusual mental disease. Her symptoms ranged from memory loss to unpredictable behavior. Afte...
Because CJD is such a rapid progressing disease most patients die within one year of onset. Some of the symptoms associated with CJD are much like Alzheimer’s. “Some common symptoms include depression, agitation, apathy and mood swings, rapidly worsening confusion, disorientation and problems with memory, thinking, planning and judgement, difficulty walking, and muscle stiffness, twitches, and involuntary movements.” (Alzheimer's Association, 2016). Diagnosis of CJD is a controversial issue. The only way to diagnose CJD is by brain biopsy or autopsy. In a brain biopsy, a small piece of tissue is removed and examined by a neuropathologist. This is of course dangerous and not always effective because it is hard to know if the tissue obtained is from the affected part of the brain. Biopsies are usually not recommended, not only because of the risk, but because there is no treatment available that will cure CJD. “There is no treatment that can slow or stop the underlying brain cell destruction caused by Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease and other prion diseases. Various drugs have been tested but have not shown any benefit. Clinical studies of potential CJD treatments are complicated by the rarity of the disease and its rapid progression.” (Alzheimer's Association, 2016). Treatment for CJD is aimed at alleviating symptoms and making the patient as comfortable as possible. “Doctors may prescribe painkillers such as opiates to treat pain if it occurs. Muscle stiffness and twitching may be treated with muscle-relaxing medications or antiseizure drugs. In the later stages of the disease, individuals with CJD become completely dependent on others for their daily needs and comfort.” (Alzheimer's Association,
In 1906, Dr. Alois Alzheimer, noticed some changes in the brain tissue of a woman who had died of an unusual mental illness. Her symptoms were comprised of memory loss, language problems, and unpredictable behavior. After her death, Dr. Alzheimer examined her brain and found many abnormal clumps (amyloid plaques) and tangled bundles of fibers (neurofibrillary tangles).