Scientists in the Netherlands have made new discoveries with lightning using cosmic rays. The research team in the Netherlands,LOFAR, or the Low Frequency Array team has been studying the effects cosmic rays have on thunderstorms and lightning. Cosmic Rays are high energy particles that are created after the explosion of a dead star.Usually cosmic rays are protons. They can come down to Earth and sometimes they hit particles in the atmosphere creating more particles ,which are mostly electrons. LOFAR are using thousands of antennas to detect the electrons and the radio waves they emit. Usually the electrons are steered by the the Earth’s magnetism which creates predictable changes in the radio waves. The scientists have discovered that thunderclouds can redirect the electrons and create new changes in the radio waves.On April 24 Pim Schellart, the team’s leader, published their findings. This breakthrough is …show more content…
We have learned about atoms which have electrons and protons. The protons,electrons,and neutrons are the particles in an atom. The proton and neutron live in the nucleus and the electrons travel around the nucleus at very fast speeds. Atoms make up everything around us, even ourselves. Protons have a positive charge and electrons have a negative charge,while neutrons are neutral. The protons attract the electrons since they are opposites. Two similar particles repel while two different particles attract. We have also learned about magnets and magnetism. In order for an object to be magnetic it needs to be made out of iron and it’s domain need to be organized. The Earth has an internal magnet,but the poles are flipped so the North magnetic pole is in the South geographical pole. That is why compasses always point North. The opposite poles attract each other and the same poles repel each other. It is affected by distance so the farther away an object is from the magnet the weaker the magnet’s
Pauli Murray held multiple positions during her life; activist, lawyer, priest, and poet. In her 1989 autobiography titled, Pauli Murray: The Autobiography of a Black Activist, Feminist, Lawyer, Priest and Poet, Murray narrates her life’s mission. Murray’s work is remarkable as it is viewed as a persistent fight against oppression and injustice. As an African American woman growing up during the early twentieth century, Murray faced discrimination such as Jim and Jane Crow head on. Murray connected with the countless amount of other people who were not represented equally in America during this time. What makes Murray extraordinary is that unlike the many that came before her, Murray made change happen. Murray
Cosmic rays are high energy charged particles, originating in outer space, that travel at nearly the speed of light and strike the Earth from all directions. The term "cosmic rays" usually refers to galactic cosmic rays, which originate in sources outside the solar system, distributed throughout our Milky Way galaxy. However, this term has also come to include other classes of energetic particles in space, including nuclei and electrons accelerated in association with energetic events on the Sun (called solar energetic particles), and particles accelerated in interplanetary space. Co...
The traditional theory about the Earth’s core suggest that the core of the Earth is a solid nickel and iron sphere surrounded by a fluid metallic magma. The rotation of the Earth is believed to create massive columns of magma to swirl in the core. These columns are believed to produce the Earth’s magnetic field. This theory is based on the assumption that the Earth’s core is cooling and will eventually cool completely and cease to produce energy and a magnetic field. However, this theory does not answer many ongoing mysteries about the Earth, such as why the Earth’s magnetic field periodically shuts down, and questions about the energy production of the Earth. It was apparent that a new theory was needed to explain the mystery of the Earth’s core.
This paper talks about the gamma-ray explosions that occur in the universe and its effect if it were to occur close to the earth’s surface. The most energetic explosions to be recorded in the universe are the gamma ray bursts. Gamma ray bursts forms a representation of the events that occur in the cosmos due to its large luminosity that has been detected to approximately z-8.3. This has offered an exciting experience in the study and research of the astrophysics in its extreme condition. The paper focuses on the study revolving around the long gamma ray burst and also the galaxies that form their hosts. The long gamma ray burst have long duration that is more than few seconds and the hypothesis supporting its development states that it develops from the massive stars death. The paper also tries to understand the effect of the gamma ray bursts and how they are related to the redshift distributions in the universe. It tries to analyses the different types of wavelengths that gamma ray burst generates after the collision or merging of bodies in the universe. It explains how recent development in technology has brought man closer in studying gamma ray burst in depth and because of the abilities of the technology, man can understand the different wavelengths generated. Finally, the paper talks of the possibility of gamma ray burst happening closer to the earth’s atmosphere as it happened millions of years back. It tries to look into the impact on the ecosystem and the survival of animals if such a phenomena occurring was to repeat itself closer to the planet earth’s environment.
As students worked in groups to separate the items in their bag into magnetic or not magnetic columns, I circulated the room asking students questions about their reasoning for placing particular items in each section, the similarities of the items in each column, and the differences of the items in each column. During this time, I noticed that one group had formed a new column for items that they were puzzled by. I also noticed that some students were using prior knowledge gained from the scavenger hunt to determine which column to place their items. After allowing ample time for students to make predictions about their items, test their items, and collect the data I began to allow students to make real world connections to magnets by asking students how magnets are used in their everyday lives. Students quickly mentioned how magnets were used in their classroom for the lunch count and how magnets were found on most everyone’s refrigerators in their
Not all lightning varieties in the negatively charged area in the cloud containing the thunderstorm. Lightning is an electrical discharge caused by imbalances between storm clouds and the ground, or within the clouds themselves. Most lightning occurs within the clouds. Lightning from this area is called positive lightning. Positive lightning is particularly dangerous, because it frequently strikes away from the rain core, either ahead or behind the
Magnetic Field: The Earth has a superior magnetic field due to a core consisting of iron and nickel. Currently the rotation of the Earth and its Coriolis effect help to create this pull of the tides from the oceans. The northern lights or lurora Borealis can be seen at various times in a mystifying view of beauty.
The relationship between electricity and magnetism is that each phenomenon generates a field. Electric fields can be pictured by thinking in terms of gravitational forces. Where, any two objects have a gravitational force on one another. Any two electric charges have a force between them (either repelling, or attracting depending on polarity). These electric fields are vector forces, with size and direction at each point in space....
There have been many logical explanations as to how the magnets operate. One explanation for the success of magnetic therapy has been how they utilize the cell’s magnetic field. When a disease invades the body, it disrupts the magnetic fields causing them to become disoriented within the cells. Magnets help realign these fields causing them to be an important factor in counteracting the disease (http://www.healthy.net/hwlibrarynewsletters/update/magnets.htm).
Faraday visualized a magnetic field as composed of many lines of induction, along which a small magnetic compass would point. The aggregate of the lines intersecting a given area is called the magnetic flux. Faraday attributed the electrical effects to a changing magnetic flux.
The Earth is a home for mankind, a planet sustaining life, and it is also a giant magnet! Magnets in general, no matter what type of magnet it is, have two end faces called poles. Poles are where the magnetic force is most effective. These two poles are known as the north pole and the south pole. Magnets also create a magnetic field from the particles within the magnet. The Earth resembles this same structure. The earth has a geographic north pole and a geographic south pole. Since opposites attract in magnets the south pole of the core of the earth points towards the geographic north pole of the earth and the north pole points towards the geographic south pole of the earth. The core of the earth serves the same purpose as the particles in m...
Magnets are stones that produce magnetic fields. The magnetic field is invisible, but is responsible for the most noticeable aspect of a magnet: the attraction of a metal object or the repulsion of another magnet. Magnets are used in common everyday household items: credit cards, TVs, speakers, motors, and compasses. A magnets strength is measured by its magnetic moment. (“Magnetism”)
The effects of electric force can be summarized as the law of electric charge: Pieces of matter with the same kind of charge repel each other. Pieces of matter with the same kind of charge attract each other. 2 objects with a positive charge repel each other, as do 2 objects with a negative charge.
Electric currents produce magnetic fields, they can be as small as macroscopic currents in wires, or microscopic currents in atomic orbits caused by electrons. The magnetic field B is described in terms of force on a moving charge in the Lorentz force law. The relationship of magnetic field and charges leads to many practical applications. Magnetic field sources are dipolar in nature, with a north and south magnetic pole. The magnetic field SI unit is the Tesla, it can be seen in the magnetic part of the Lorentz force law F magnetic = qvB composed of (Newton x second)/(Coulomb x meter). The smaller magnetic field unit is the
A solar storm refers to space weather involving solar activities like solar flares and coronal mass ejection. Although most solar storms may only have minor effect on the Earth, a particularly strong one like the 1859 Carrington Event is likely to cause damage of spacecraft and satellites, as well as radio and electricity blackout of large regions on the Earth. In the age that people’s lives are greatly dependent on electronic and telecommunication technologies, our modern civilization is under a constant threat posed by a hazardous solar storm. This paper will examine a few past solar storm observations and attempt to analyze the effects of the major components of solar storms on human technologies and people’s lives.