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Advantages of the investigations and treatments for heart disease
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Two medical procedures that can be done for a heart attack are a Coronary angioplasty and stenting. This procedure is when the doctor insert a long catheter that passes through an artery to a blocked artery in the heart, its usually through the leg or groin. This procedure is often done immediately after a cardiac catheterization, a procedure used to locate blockages. The catheter is equipped with a special balloon that , once in position, is briefly inflated to open a block coronary artery. A metal mesh stent may be inserted into the artery to keep it open long term and restore blood flow to the heart. The doctor may opt to place a stent coated with a slow releasing medication to help keep the artery open, depending on the condition of the
will deliver an electric shock to the heart to try to get it to stop the ventricular fibrillation which is when your heart rate increases and does not produce enough blood to the brian or other organs. A defibrillator was used in the case of Wes Leonard, but unfortunately it was not enough. As of right now I do not believe that there is a clear answer that would prevent the sudden cardiac arrests that athletes are suffering.
In more severe cases, a surgical procedure known as endarterectomy is suggested. An edarterectomy is an operation used to widen the carotid artery. This is usually an option if it has been determined that the internal carotid artery is narrowed by more than 70% and if the person in question has been displaying stroke-like symptoms during the previous six to eight months. This surgery is usually used to prevent the future risk of a stroke. This procedure has been shown to prevent blockage of the internal carotid artery over time and usually involves removing fatty deposits and clots in this important artery.
The purpose for the stent was to hold the coronary artery open to allow the blood to flow more freely.
There are four different categories of treatment: lifestyle changes, surgical procedures, non-surgical procedures, and medications. Lifestyle changes include having a healthy diet; increasing physical activity; eliminating cigarettes, alcoholic beverages, and illicit drugs; and getting enough rest and sleep; losing excess weight. These lifestyle changes are to lower the patient’s blood pressure, cholesterol, and reducing any other future medical conditions. There are also surgical options to help cure, prevent, or control cardiomyopathy. Surgical method include a septal myectomy, surgically implanted devices, and a heart transplant. A septal myectomy is used to specifically treat hypertrophy cardiomyopathy which is where the heart muscle cells enlarge and cause the walls of the ventricles to thicken. The thickening of the walls may not affect the size of the ventricles but instead may affect the blood flow out of the ventricle. Usually along with the ventricles swelling, the septum in between the ventricles can become enlarged and block the blood flow causing a heart attack. When medication is not working well to treat hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, a surgeon will open the chest cavity and remove part of the septum that is blocking blood flow. Surgically implanted devices include a pacemaker, a cardiac resynchronization therapy device, a left ventricular assist device, and an implantable
An artery is an elastic blood vessel that transports blood away from the heart. There are two main types of arteries: pulmonary arteries and systemic arteries.
Endovascular stent graft repair is designed to help reinforce a weakened aorta. Endovascular surgery is performed inside the aorta using thin, long tubes called catheters to place a stent surrounded with a fabric liner. Endovascular stent grafting uses an endovascular stent graft to reinforce the wall of the aorta and to help keep the damaged area from rupturing and developing into a potentially serious health problem that can be fatal and cause massive internal bleeding.
Myocardial infarction and acute coronary syndrome require the same medications such as: “aspirin, nitroglycerin, morphine, beta blockers, and thrombolytics” (Smeltzer, pp. 744, 2010) Oxygen administration and a 12-lead electrocardiogram is also required upon arrival to the hospital. A PCIS is a procedure for “opening the occluded artery and providing perfusion to the area of the heart that has been deprived of oxygen” and should be done in less than one hour of patient arrival (Smeltzer, pp. 745, 2010). When a PCI is contraindicated or unavailable at a certain facility, thrombolytics are admistered to “dissolve the thrombus in a coronary artery” in order for reperfusion to the deoxygenated area of the heart to occur (Smeltzer, pp. 745, 2010). After the initial medical treatment for acute coronary syndrome and a myocardial infarction, “continuous cardiac monitoring” is required to ensure that another episode is not going to occur (Smeltzer, 745, 2010). Monitoring is preferably done on an intensive care unit because of the severity of the complications that could occur. Medications such as “aspirin, beta-blockers, and an ACE inhibitor” is included in the ongoing treatment (Smeltzer, pp. 745, 2010). Cardiac rehabilitation is initiated after the patient with acute coronary
...ers. Numerous signs and symptoms occur with an aortic dissection, making it very difficult to diagnose. Chest x-ray and chest and abdomen CT angiograms are the two most common tests performed to confirm a diagnosis, with CT angiogram being the modality of choice. If the patient survives the initial onset of an aortic dissection long enough surgical repair may be done. Surgical repair is very risky and does not have a high success rate, however, if surgery proves to be successful a patient’s prognosis greatly increases after 30 days. Perhaps the next time one is faced with the familiar imagery of a man grasping his chest and collapsing due to “heart disease,” instead of assuming the man suffered from the usual heart attack, one will remember that there are countless conditions that heart disease encompasses, and that aortic dissection remains one of the most deadly.
If an artery becomes so clogged that blood cannot flow through it, the result is chest pain which could progress to a heart attack, or myocardial infarction (MI). "Myocardial" is a medical term that means "having to do with the heart" or "heart muscle". "Infarct" is a medical term for tissue death. During a myocardial infarction, the portion of the heart that is supposed to get blood from the diseased artery dies. However, cardiologists are trained to recognize symptoms like chest pain, shortness of breath, and fatigue of coronary artery disease in patients before the symptoms becomes severe. A cardiologist is often able to treat coronary disease before it causes an MI. – http://myweb.com/contents/dmk_article396168
The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, vol. 134: 1042-1043. Khan, M. Faisal M.D. No Date. New Hypothermia Technique Protects Heart Attack Patients.
medications, proper prenatal care, and consulting with doctor about medications are effective precautions during pregnancy. Also, if suffering with diabetes, anemia, hypertension, seizure, or nutritional deficiencies during pregnancy, then these must be controlled. After birth, do not shake baby, which can lead to shaken baby syndrome and brain damage. Do not expose children to lead, this can also lead to brain damage, and give proper immunizations at the right time for the child (Bachrach, 2012).
...lood Vessel Stents.” 1-3). Bypass surgery is another option; a blood vessel from somewhere in the body is used to go around the blocked artery. This completely bypasses the blocked artery, so it no longer becomes an issue. Thrombolytic therapy is a method that involves injecting a medication into the artery that will dissolve the clot and allow blood to pass freely through the artery (“Peripheral Artery Disease.” 3).
Oxygen was first admitted to the client with chest pain over 100 years ago (Metcalfe, 2011). Chest pain is a large bracket that can contain many different conditions, but for the purpose of this analysis it is focused manly upon a myocardial infarction. A myocardial infarction is mainly referred to as a heart attack, and occurs when one or more coronary arteries leading to the heart reduce or completely stop blood flow (Tuipulotu, 2013 ). Administering high concentrations of oxygen to patients with chest pain is now embedded in guidelines, protocols and care pathways, even with a lack of clear supporting evidence (Nicholson, 2004 ). High concentration of oxygen means that up to 60% is administered (Knott, 2012). More recent research has suggested that the use of oxygen in this scenario is unnecessary and can lead to unwanted side effects, especially in normoxic cardiac patients (Moradkham & Sinoway, 2010 ). The aim of this comparative analysis is to dismantle and understand both the benefits and risks of the commonly known practice of administration of oxygen to the client with chest pain. Through completing this analysis using recent and appropriate evidence a more improved practice can be given and understood.
Myocardial infarction occurs when the coronary arteries are blocked by a blood clot. It is commonly known as “heart attack”. The heart needs its own constant supply of oxygen and nutrients to work properly. Two coronary arteries delivery oxygenated blood to the heart, and if one of these two arteries fail or become blocked, then a portion of the heart will not acquire the necessary oxygen. This clot could be because of CAD (coronary artery disease), which happens when the inner walls of the coronary arteries thicken because of build up of cholesterol, fatty deposit, calcium among other elements that are carried in the blood (Boston Scientific, 2009).
A stent is a small mesh tube used to treat weak or narrow arteries. A Catheters is type of medical device that can be inserted into the body for treatment of diseases or carry out a surgical procedure. Haemodialysis is a process that removes wastes, such as urea, from the blood. Extracorporeal life support devices insert cannulation into the blood vessels of patients, aiding respiratory and cardiac failure.