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Communication theories midterm
Application of communication theories
The principles of communication theory
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Coordinated Management of Meaning Theory states that communicating with others allows us to develop our own social worlds. This means that whenever people are in conversations with others create realities that are based on the things that have been a part of. People have their own thoughts on what the world around them is like. CMM is stated as a practical theory. One example of this theory is the image that people have towards police officers. In my life, I always have respected the police and I know their job is to help the people in the world. Recently, this idea has been altered due to some of the events in the world. I have friends who are African Americans and one of the friends was expressing the pain that has been caused to her family,
Karenga provides possible theories for Black on Black violence such as; Post-Traumatic Slave Syndrome and Psychopathic Personality. Post-Traumatic Slave Disorder can be defined as “the legacy of hopelessness, self-hatred, despair, and self-destruction from the Holocaust of Enslavement” (Karenga, 2010). Psychotic Personality is defined as the “almost absence of ethical or moral development and an almost total disregard for appropriate patterns of behavior” (Karenga, 2010). These descriptions can be seen in the African American society. One of the Psychopathic Personality effects of living in a society rooted in White supremacy is that Blacks, throughout many scholars thesis are referred to as powerless, and hopeless, many talk about self-hatred, despair, and self-destruction (Karenga, 2010). Some of the effects are Black on Black violence is seen in crime in general. It’s seen in relationships between Blacks, and their environment in which they live. Psychopathic Personality effects can be seen in behavior types such as anger, oppression, and submission. Dr. Bobby Wright list a few keys ti understanding the Psychopathic Personality (Karenga, 2010). The first key to understanding the Psychopathic Personality to understand that Whites have created many distraction from reality that have effected Blacks consciousness. (Karenga, 2010). Dr. Wright also points out that Whites are psychopathic from the Black perspective (Karenga). Dr. Wright gives a definition to clarify the reason for Blacks seeing Whites as psychopaths; he says that psychopaths are “one who is constantly in conflict with others and unable to experience guilt, completely selfish and callous and has total disregard for the rights of others” (Karenga, 2010). From the Black perspective it is clear why Whites are seen as psychopaths due to history and current situations, whites are known for the enslavement of Africans, taking their rights and treating them like animals, and also by
According to sociologist C. Wright Mills the “Sociological Imagination is the ability to see connections between our personal experience and the larger forces of history” (Connelly, 5). In other words, a person must be able to pull away from the situation and think from an alternative point of view. Sometimes we are not the primary contributors to the problems we have. Sometimes the problems we have are structural
Confirmation Bias: A perfect example would pertain to when the victims of sexual assault from the University of North Carolina stuck together, they bonded when no one else would listen and believe them. They sought out each other and many others around the United States as the film continued until they had proven their point. The two women, Andrea and Annie just kept moving forward while avoiding those that
...ifferent crime patterns and thought processes of criminals. The reasons can only come from these theories and will help the justice systems become more prepared to react towards different crimes. However, with adding some enhancements, projects and experiments these two theories have the potential to change the criminology realm forever.
...ciety causes its own members to think negatively of themselves and others according to the media portrayals that occur in an undesirable light.
One such example of this was the Stanford Prison Experiment. “In 1971, the psychologist Phillip Zimbardo tried to show that prison guards and convicts would tend to slip into predefined roles, behaving in a way that they thought was required, rather than using their own judgement and morals” (Shuttleworth). Zimbardo believed that the test subjects would act based on the environment they were placed in, and he was correct: “The experiment appeared to show how subjects reacted to the specific needs of the situation…” (Zimbardo). Both the prisoners and guards began behaving in a way that suited the circumstances, regardless of how they believed they should act. They were changed by the environment. A second example of this can be found in the 1960’s Milgram Obedience Experiment. In this investigation, “Each participant took the role of a ‘teacher’ who would deliver a shock to the ‘student’ every time an incorrect answer was produced. While the participant believed that he was delivering real shocks to the student, the student was actually a confederate in the experiment who was simply pretending to be shocked” (Cherry). In the end, the experiment produced results in favor of the ‘nature’ side of the nature versus nurture argument. “...this experiment suggests that situational variables have a stronger sway than personality factors in determining obedience…” (Cherry). The environment obviously affects human behavior strongly, and both of these investigations reflect that
Its lesson members from a certain ethnic group and criminal back ground chances of getting jobs that require energy, dedication and industry. As stated earlier being treated as such makes a criminal actually believe that they are not worthy of being treated as a human, so they relapse and go and do what is expected of them, seeing that they have nothing positive to look forward to. Social construction also plays a major part in stigmas especially in society because of the way people present themselves vs. other people which is shaped by our interactions with each other, also our life experiences. What we were raised to believe affect how we show case ourselves, how we perceive others, and how others perceive us, are shown by our beliefs and
Media plays a huge role regarding race relations because there are always racist comments on social media, television, etc. and that teaches people – especially children – that it is okay to discriminate against either different races, cultures, or ethnicities. Discrimination through media is even discusses in the textbook: “during World War II American films often showed negative stereotypes of Japanese and German People.”
Claims are made in regards to social reality to construct from one’s experience or social phenomena that will attract the attention of members of the society. Attraction of the issue is described in Best and Brownstein’s books. Violence is considered one of the social issues. The meaning of violence is not usually specifically defined. Many use examples to define violence. Joel Best describes guessing and defining social problems as ways of causing a bad statistic. “Whenever example substitute for definitions, there is a risk that our understanding of the problem will be distorted,” according to Best. Broad definitions or example definitions allow the possibility of false positives and false negatives to be added to the statistical information.
Throughout the semester, we have studied numerous communication theories. Their purpose is to help understand exactly what happens when we interact with others. We might not necessarily agree with all of the theories, but the idea is to develop tools to evaluate situations we may encounter. Often, when the theories are explained in the readings or lecture, it is beneficial to apply the concepts to a "real life" situation. Using this approach, I will use a situation that many of us have faced, or will face, and analyze it according to a particular communication theory.
Specifically it looks at the prosed distances of intimate, personal, social and public distances that have been established. What do we do when a person violates them? Do we allow them to or do we react negatively? This theory tells us how we should react with regard of how we feel towards the person that is the subject in question. Our reading gives examples where sometimes the theory worked and others it didn’t. This failures were exampled by extenuating circumstances that led the receiver to view the person differently than what the theory might suggest should
As Hodson and Victoria (p.344) note, human beings are not born prejudiced. They develop prejudice through socialization process. The role of family, media, and education is crucial in the prejudice in individuals. Stereotyping involves the construction of unfounded ideas and thoughts concerning an individual. Stereotyping involves the construction of unfounded ideas and thought concerning an individual in the same social context (Farley, p.21). The development of stereotypes revolves around the association of individuals with particular labels of identity. The truth is such ideas and propositions cannot be proven in most situations (Brown, p.68). Hence, the individuals who uphold stereotypes in society become prejudiced toward the victims. The difficulty associated with changing stereotypes is connected to the length of time required for internalization. Individuals in particular classes of society are exposed to stereotypes in their social environment for a considerable amount of time. In consideration of the Emmanuel Church shooting, the perpetrator expressed stereotypical idealization of the African American community. He expressed biased attitude through the sole target of African
Theories in sociology sometime provide us with the different perspectives with which to view our social...
These theories have helped me to have a clearer understanding of how people interact with others and how they can share emotions. Everybody uses these theories whether they are conscious of it or not. If people did not use these theories than they would not be taught in class. Knowing about these theories and how they work is very beneficial to having better communication and interaction with people who are complete strangers and with people who are friends or even colleagues. The way people interact with others is important to knowing how they will share emotions and behaviors not only now, but also in the future.
...prejudices that a society harbours cause the hate and propaganda. This causes the prejudices to be reconfirmed and further developed into stereotypes. Now the cycle begins again.