Controversy About Belo Monte Dam

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Controversy About Belo Monte Dam

Last few decades have witnessed the booming construction of dams all over the world, leading to prosperous economic growth because dams give people with flood control, hydrological power, waste management, recreation and river navigation. However, what makes human sad is that some severe environmental and social problems induced by constructing dams cannot be ignored. Belo Monte Dam, the fourth largest dam in the world, is a good example of “controversial dam” because it faces with many problems during construction, including environmental problems, social issues, and assessment concerns.

Firstly, let me introduce the basic condition of Belo Monte Dam. It is located on the Xingu River in the state …show more content…

One of the most significant impacts is the evacuation of residents. According to Elizondo Gabriel(2012), The dam will directly displace over 20,000 people, mainly from the municipalities of Altamiraand Vitória do Xingu. Not only people directly evacuated will be affected, but people who live in the watershed will also be seriously influenced due to the changes of their fisheries, groundwater, and the transporting ability on rivers. For example, the fisheries will be negatively affected because stagnant pools will form in the river, increasing the ability of deseases distribution. Also, more importantly, a lot of the residents in the evacuated area are indigenous people, such as people from Juruna and Arara ethnical groups, making it more difficult for the government to negotiate with them. Recent years have shown conflicts between indigenous people and construction workers during the construction of Belo Monte Dam. According to Phillips Tom(2012), Indigenous Groups report attacks and harassment, and in several occasions the destruction of property and the death of indigenous persons as a result of constructing and (illegal) logging …show more content…

According to Fearnside Phillip M(2006), a study on the Brazilian Tucuruí dam showed that the actual greenhouse gas emissions were a factor ten higher than its official calculations showed, and this dam is no exception; it is feared that the Belo Monte Dam calculations are also deliberately undercutting reality and that the flooding of its reservoir will create a similar situation. If the organic matters are removed with forests being cut down, this area will produce less methane, reducing the pace of greenhouse effect.

In addition, I think Brazil government should continue to build Altamira Dam upstream. Critics said that only on condition that a year-round flow of water is ensured can Brazil sustain the development of the dam. Also, a study done in 2006 took several scenarios, including risks of cost overruns and the postpon of construction into consideration, demonstrating that Belo Monte Dam will create so much pressure to build upstream storage dams with much larger reservoirs no matter if it is a single project.

All in all, governments should make thorough scientific assessments and risk analyses to promote a feasible plan of the construction of Belo Monte

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