Preventative healthcare is an accessible area that continues to increase in the healthcare segment. Preventative healthcare utilizes various methods to educate and avoid illnesses. Preventative healthcare also strives to improve the overall health wellness of Americans (Benedictine University Online, 2015). The functions of preventative health care inform the population, promote healthy lifestyles and provide early treatments for illnesses. The goal of prevention, also known as intervention is to reduce risks and threats to health (Benedictine University Online, 2015). Therefore, primary, secondary and tertiary are three principal components of the healthcare system.
An increased in the prevention of health care continues due to the development
of health care reform and an increased number of people who are suffering from chronic conditions. The first level of prevention is primary health care that represents contact between individuals and families with the health system. It includes the community it serves, mother and child that include family planning, immunization, prevention of locally endemic diseases and treatment of common diseases or injuries (Benedictine University Online, 2015). Many health problems require a combination of all three preventative measures to achieve a significant degree of prevention and protection. In primary prevention, nurses educate the community by offering information and counseling to promote positive health behavior such as immunization, helmets, and seat belt safety (Torrey, 2014). Secondary prevention occurs when individuals present with high-risk factors or preclinical diseases. It is essential to address these issues with patients in the early stage as well as promote lifestyle modifications and early detection methods. Whereas, the goal of the tertiary prevention is to lessen the impact of an ongoing illness or injury that has lasting effects. The strength of the prevention program may be achieved by helping people in managing long-term, complex health problems and injuries such as chronic diseases, permanent impairment, and injuries. A weakness may be due to non-compliances such as not wearing seatbelts or helmets. Nursing education on compliances may lead to overall benefits of treatment, quality of care for patient progress (Institute for Work & Health).
“Healthy People provides science-based, 10-year national objectives for improving the health of all Americans.” ( United States Department of Health and Human Services (HHS), Healthy People 2020 , 2011). It acts as a national guide for disease prevention and health promotion. There are various objectives and goals which serve as the guideline to achieve overall improvement in health . ‘Educational and Community-Based Programs’ is one of them. According to U.S Department of Health and Human Services the main goal of these programs is to “Increase the quality, availability, and effectiveness of educational and community-based programs designed to prevent disease and injury, improve health, and enhance quality of life.” (HHS, Healthy People 2020, 2011). This particular goal of Healthy People 2020 focuses on increasing the number educational and community based programs to increase awareness about disease prevention and health among every individual of the society. It focuses on educating them on various topics including chronic diseases, substance abuse, prevention of injury and violence to encourage and enhance health. It emphasizes on increasing the quantity and quality of such programs so that a larger population could benefit from the program and gain effective knowledge to achieve a healthy life.
Ormond, B., Spillman, B., Waidmann, T., Caswell, K., & Tereshchenko, B.. (2011). Potential National and State Medical Care Savings From Primary Disease Prevention. American Journal of Public Health, 101(1), 157-64. Retrieved February 23, 2011, from ProQuest Psychology Journals. (Document ID: 2233850141).
A strong primary care foundation is fundamental to constructing an effective health care system. Patients who have regular access to a primary care physician are more likely than those who do not to receive the necessary preventative care before their conditions become too difficult or expensive to treat (Bindman, Grumbach, Osmond, Vranizan & Stewart, 1996). Additionally, primary care physicians are significant to providing better care to low-income patients. Access to primary care correlates positively with better management of chronic conditions and reduced mortality (Starfield, Shi & Macinko, 2005). Despite the necessity of primary care in regards to health system performance, there has been little value and investment in primary care for decades (McGlynn et al., 2003). Consequently, health care in the U.S. is left poorly coordinated and expensive.
A mandate will be made through this health care reform plan that will make providers more involved in the care of their patients. Steps will be taken to help increase the number of physicians in areas experiencing shortages along with incentives for physicians to become family practitioners. Preventative care will be the focus therefore annual checkups and routine procedures will be covered by all insurances. A coordination track where doctors, nurses, and other providers work effectively and efficiently in teams, analyzing the outcomes and processes of care to rid the system of waste will be created (Cortese & Korsmo, 2009).
The ten essential services of public health are a product of the Public Health Functions Project. This Project, developed in 1995in response to President Clinton’s Health Security Act (1993), help define what public health does. The Project refined and expanded the 3 core functions of public health, developed by the Institute of Medicine in 1988, to include and define 10 essential services that should be provided by every public health department in the United States. The Office of Prevention and Health Promotion, Office of Public Health Science, Office of the Secretary, and U.S. Department of Health and Human Services worked together and, in the process strengthened the public health infrastructure of our nation. Today, the 10 essential public
...These services can be a key to improve health of many citizens and keep rising health costs under control. Preventive screenings and counseling on topics such as losing weight, treating depression and alcohol consumption can make it possible to detect many diseases in the early stages, when it is treatable, and reduce health care costs in a long run (America’s Health Insurance Plans, 2007).
The approaches are important in health promotion practice because it helps and empowers an individual to make better lifestyle choices for better health outcome. The medical approach is also known as preventive or disease prevention approach. A medical approach is a common approach because it uses scientific methods, emphasizes expertise of health professionals, prevention and early detection (WHO,2017). It aims to diminish illness and early mortality rate by focusing on the whole population. It has three levels of interventions; primary, secondary and tertiary prevention.
Primary health care is the indispensable care based on the real – world, systematically sound, socially adequate technique and technology which made unanimously available to the families and every individuals in the community through their fully involvement where the community is capable to afford at a cost to uphold at every phase of their growth in the essence of self-reliance and self-government. Primary health care in international health is associated with the global conference held at Alma Ata in 1978; the conference that promoted the initiative health for all by the year 2000. “Primary health care defined broadly at Alma Ata emphasized universal health care across to all individuals and families , encouraged participation by community members in all aspects of health care planning and implementation and promoted the delivery of care that would be scientifically sound , technically effective , socially relevant and acceptable” (Janice E.Hitchcock,2003). Primary health care is commonly viewed as a level of care or as the entry point to the health care system for its client. It can also taken to mean a particular approach to care which is concerned with containing care, accessibility, community involvement and collaboration between other sectors. The primary health care policy has some principals that have been designed to work together and be implemented simultaneously to bring about a better health outcome for the entire society.
The five principles of HP include building healthy public policy, creating supportive environments, strengthening community action, developing personal skills, and reorienting health services (McMurray & Clendon 2015). The first principle aims to incorporate health into all public policy decisions beyond the health system so that living and working conditions become conducive to health and equity (Germov, Freij & Richmond 2015). According to McMurray & Clendon (2015), multi-sectoral collaboration is required among different sectors, such as education, industry and social welfare, with the reciprocally influential policies that guide the community health. The second principle emphasises the socio-ecological approach to health that promotes sustainable environment and broader social support systems that encourage a safe and satisfying life (Germov, Freij & Richmond 2015; McMurray & Clendon 2015). This principle requires to acknowledge the significance of conserving the physical or social resources that allow people to maintain health (McMurray & Clendon 2015). The third principle focuses on information and learning opportunities that enable communities to make knowledgeable choices for better health (McMurray & Clendon
The Healthcare system in the United States seems to be a reaction based. That evidence making hospitals overuse while focus should be on the primary care settings. Prevention and health promotion is far away embedded in Americans’ Health system culture. Consequently, efforts are deployed mainly on curative medicine at the detriment of the preventative care. The United States is the most medically tooled up worldwide.
I wonder how our society will be if prevention strategies were exercised not only at community centers, dispensaries, and public hospitals, but at all private practices and hospitals too. Public health has been associated to the low-income population. We all need to support the third revolution aim where well-being is seeing as a resource for everyday life, surpassing disease as the only focus of global health (Breslow,
Primary care intervention refers to any instance in which a member of the primary health care team makes a change that may result in an effect on the health outcomes of a patient. In many cases, these interventions may seem insignificant at the time, and the effects of the intervention are often not perceived until a later date. However, the benefits of primary care interventions are clear, both for overall patient health outcomes and for reducing the financial strain on tertiary care interventions. Health Promotion Prevention of Disease
When people receive preventive care, such as cancer screening and immunizations, they have better health and lower health care costs. Making healthier choices to help accomplish goals. Strategics steps helps identify recommendations that are most likely to reduce the affliction of leading causes of preventable death and major illness. Such as: 1)
Talbot, L., & Verrinder, G. (2010). Promoting health: the primary health care approach, (4th edn).
There are 4 main principles of Primary health care. They are Equity, community participation, Intersect oral collaboration, and appropriate technology. Equitable distribution is the first principle of health services. The principles is about the health services that must be shared equally by all people rich and poor without any discrimination i.e., color, ethnic group gender etc, all should have access to the health service. The second principle community participation says about the responsibility of the state, the involvement of individuals, families, and communities in promotion of their own health and welfare that is an important part of primary health care. PHC cannot be achieved without the community participation