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Comparisons of personality theories
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In comparing and contrasting the different personality theories, some approaches are psychoanalytic, humanistic, and social learning. There are personality theories that are based on traits. Sigmund Freud studied the Psychoanalytic theory (Schultz & Schultz, 2013). Freud desired to get into the person’s unconscious to examine the client’s personality. Defense mechanisms are associated with the ego, meditating between the conscious and the subconscious. Carl Rogers studied the humanistic movement that examines the person’s growth and satisfaction. Humanists tend to have a positive perspective on human nature. Roger’s desired to study the person’s potential(Schultz & Schultz, 2013). Gordon Allport studied heredity and environment. Allport believe that heredity provides the personality with physique, intelligence, and temperament that may be shaped, expanded, or limited by the environment (Schultz & Schultz, 2013). He …show more content…
Hans Eysenck explored the dimensions of the personality. For example: Extraverts/Introverts; Neuroticism/Emotional Stability; and Psychoticism/impulse control. Eysenck also studied how behavior correlates with each dimension of personality (Schultz & Schultz, 2013). B.F. Skinner studied respondent behavior, and Operant behavior. He examined how reinforcement can help or hinder a person. He also examined, how to control behaviors, and he encouraged counselors to reinforce behavior modification programs (Schultz & Schultz, 2013). Albert Bandura examined how modeling influences a person’s personality. Bandura examined the processes of observational learning. He also studied behavior modification. He desired to correct those behaviors that leaf to anxiety, fears, and phobias (Schultz & Schultz, 2013). Each theory may have different beliefs and different views that will encourage each client to make changes in their
This course has taught me a lot about the different personality theories as well as the best known psychology theorists that have developed these theories. Personality consists of the thoughts, feelings, and behaviors that make an individual unique. Numerous theories have been emerged to implicit the different features of personality. The main purpose of some theories is to focus on explaining how personality developed.
Many psychologists throughout many years present theoretical approaches in an attempt to understand personality. Hans Eysenck’s approach of personality differed from that of Sigmund Freud and his psychoanalytical theory of personality. Eysenck’s theory of personality relies on the scientific basis of biology in explaining human personality. Although Freud’s theories are intriguing to an open mind, Eysenck’s approach made measurable scientific sense. He relied on the use of trait and factor analysis, which is a statistical method. Freud relied on faith and his personal opinions based on observational research to reach the assumptions that set forth his theories (Feist & Feist, 2009). Eysenck and Freud did not agree on anything about understanding how and why the mind operates the way, it does.
Sigmund Freud, an Austrian neurologist, was the principle proponent of the psychoanalytic personality theory. Psychoanalytic personality theory is tells us that the majority of human behavior is motivated by the unconscious, a part of the personality that contains the memories, knowledge, beliefs, feelings urges, drives, and instincts that the individual is unaware, and that only a small part of our psychological makeup is actually derived from the conscious experience. The problem is our unconscious mind disguises the meaning of the material it contains. As such, the psychoanalytic personality theory is ver...
Lastly, the findings of trait theory and its components described within the paper will be summarised. Major contributors to the trait theory of personality include three prominent psychologists. Boeree (2006) states that American born psychologist Gordon Allport has been described as the founding father of personality trait theory. Allport’s distinguished career included holding the presidency of the American Psychological Association (APA) and receiving the Gold Medal Award and a Distinguished Scientific Contribution Award from the APA (Carducci, 2009, p. 260). After meeting with Sigmund Freud in 1922 and studying his interpretation of personality, Allport developed the opinion that psychoanalysis was too in-depth while behaviourism was far too shallow in the field of personality psychology.
The first major theory of personality I will be talking about is the psychodynamic theory. Psychodynamics is an approach to psychology that emphasizes systematic study of the psychological forces that underlie human behavior, feelings, and emotions and how they might relate to early experience. It is especially interested in the dynamic relations
Applying the tenets of this theory to personality, Skinner felt that our environment and society shapes who we are and the personality traits that we develop. Instead of changing our internal response...
The personality of the human brain can be a very curious thing to most. Over years of study, psychologists still debate and question how personality actually works. However, the theories of personality have been boiled down to just four major theories. Psychoanalytic, humanistic, trait, and social-cognitive. While none of these are perfect, they all have certain distinguishing characteristics, advantages, and drawbacks, that differ them from each other.
Personality is an individual’s characteristic pattern of feeling, thinking and acting. Psychodynamic theories of personality view human behavior as a dynamic interaction between the conscious mind and unconscious mind, including associated motives and conflicts (Myers & Dewall, pg# 572, 2015). These theories focus on the unconscious and the importance of childhood experiences. Psychodynamic theories are descended from Sigmund Freud’s psychoanalysis, which is his ideology of personality and the associated treatment techniques. Psychoanalysis attributes thoughts and actions to unconscious motives and conflicts. This theory also includes the techniques used in treating psychological disorders by seeking to expose and interpret unconscious tensions. He proposed that childhood sexuality and unconscious motivations influence personality. Freud’s historically significant psychoanalytic theory became part of the human cultural legacy.