Joey Mahal
English III
Ms. Susko
30 January, 2015
Satire Research Paper
In the Fictions of Satire, Ronald Paulson talks about the four ways satire works. It implies corruption, the consequences of it, motivates the reader to make a moral decision, and operates as a corrective (Paulson). It also talks about the difference between Horatian and Juvenalian satire. These different types of satire are used to give different emotions in a story. An example of Horatian satire would be The Canterbury Tales by Geoffrey Chaucer and an example of Juvenalian would be “A Modest Proposal” by Jonathan Swift. No matter if a satire is Horatian or Juvenalian, the ultimate goal of a satire is to put humor in a story, while pointing out flaws in society and
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making the reader want to change this. Horatian satire “ridicules the fool as an outsider from the rationally ordered world of the satirist and reader; yet, the ‘I’ of Horace’s satires also includes himself in the folly revealed by the outsider.” (Paulson) Another way to remember Horatian is that it is light and comical.
It is more of a gentle ridicule, as opposed to Juvenalian. The purpose of Horatian is not to make a reader angry, but to laugh off our follies. Juvenalian takes a very different approach than Horatian.
Juvenalian satire “opposes the wicked to the foolish or innocent as irreconcilable polarities and avoids the Horatian comic identification with the fool.” (Paulson) Juvenalian is often very dark humor. It is written to show anger towards people at fault. It is a harsh ridicule where the speaker kind of attacks the people at fault. It is very different than Horatian satire.
In the Horatian satire, The Wife of Bath, Chaucer is trying to teach the reader that if you respect others, you will get respect back. When the knight disrespected the maiden in the beginning, he was almost put to death. When he respected his wife as she was in the end, she respected him back. The reader also learns that “the most important thing is doing good deeds.” (Chaucer) Overall, the purpose of The Wife of Bath is to tell the reader how important it is to be a good
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person. Chaucer used Horatian satire so that the reader would not get angry. Almost everyone has been at fault one time for not respecting others. Chaucer did not blame the reader for this fault and did not attack them. “We claim to be noble because we have inherited money and titles, but we must inherit goodness also.” (Chaucer) When Chaucer uses the word “we” he is saying that we all are at fault for not respecting others and that we need to inherit goodness over money and titles. “A modest Proposal” is an example of a juvenalian satire.
First of all, the title is very under exaggerated and under exaggeration is a characteristic of satire. The proposal the narrator makes is very far from modest. The narrator proposes that eating babies will fix the poverty in society. Swift’s purpose in writing ”A Modest Proposal” was to get the reader to make up their own opinions, without telling them what to believe or talking about morals. The narrator says he has “no other motive than the publick good of my country, by advancing or trade, providing for infants, relieving the poor, and giving some pleasure to the rich” when proposing this idea. (Swift) The real purpose in writing this is to get the reader to find real solutions to end poverty and help society unlike this
proposal. Swift used Juvenalian satire in “A Modest Proposal” because poverty is a serious issue and many people are at fault for letting poverty get so out of hand. Swift says that the poor people “are every day dying, and rotting, by cold a famine, and filth, and vermin.” (Swift) He said this to provoke the reader to realize this is not okay. Many people think of the poor as dirty, and do not want to help them. He also describes the poor as “useless mouths and backs.” This is dark and mean. This is not his own opinion. He is ridiculing people for saying this about the poor. The terrible things he says about them are supposed to make the reader angry and want to change the poverty in society and the way people perceive the impoverished. Even though The Wife of Bath is written in Horatian satire and “A Modest Proposal” is written in Juvenalian satire, their purposes are both to make the reader want to make a change. In In H.S.V Jones’s The Plan of the “Canterbury Tales” it says, Professor Saintsbury knew “anger and pride as bodily rather than ghostly enemies, furnished with a regular uniform, appearing in recognized circumstances and companies, acting like human beings.” (Jones) By this he means that evil lives inside humans, not in some image of a monster. This means that only humans can change this evil. The job of satire is to make the reader aware of the evil in their society and within them and make them want to change this. Works Cited Chaucer, Geoffrey. The Canterbury Tales. N.p., 1400. Print. Jones, H. S. V. "Chicago Journals." Plan of the "Canterbury Tales" 13.1 (21915): 45-48. Print. Paulson, Ronald. "Penn State University Press." Fiction of Satire 7.3 (1970): 394-96. Print. Swift, Jonathan. A Modest Proposal. N.p., 1729. Print.
Satire can be defined as any work in which a human vice or folly is attacked with irony or sarcasm. An example of satire can be found in the song "When the President Talks to God" by Bright Eyes. In this song, the lyrics lay out hypothetical conversations between the President and God, which mocks current President George W. Bush and his use of strong religious influence while in office.
Satirical writing allows the author to express his or her opinion about a problem in society. A writing must follow three rules in order for it to be classified as satirical. First, a continuous focus on one’s subject’s faults. Secondly, instead of telling the reader directly, information must be given indirectly. Thirdly, the writing must have a variety of satirical techniques in general (Festa). With these simple guidelines, an author can demonstrate his beliefs of what he thinks needs to be changed in society.
If Jonathan Swift had written a serious piece simply espousing his true beliefs he would not have received as much feedback, due to the fact that there were already informational advertisements at the time and nobody was interested in reading them. The only thing that would get the people 's attention was something that would create a lasting impression, so he wrote a satirical piece with trenchant humor and mochary. “A Modest Proposal” surprised people and got them thinking about the condition of the poor in Ireland and what should be done to solve it. For example Swift states that “those who are thrifty” can use the carcass of the infant for ladies’ gloves or gentlemen’s boots. This itself can help those reading the piece to begin to think about possible solutions to the substantial issues involving the poor in Ireland. He also proposes that children that are fourteen should be consumed as well so the poor don’t have to go hungry and that it would limit the number of breeders, in an attempt to illustrate the extremity of the circumstances. His sarcastic way of joking enlisted fear in the poor and concern in the rich, helping them realise the drastic issue present in the
Satire is form of comedy in which flaws in people or society are chastised in order to prompt change in the objects of criticism. Regardless of how long ago comedy itself may have existed, the concept of satire was introduced by the Roman satirists, Juvenal and Horace. The tones conveyed in their writing characterize the main modes of satire, being Horatian and Juvenalian, and are still used in satire today. Presently, two popular forms of comedy that employ satirical elements include parody news sources and comedic performances. Although satirical writing has evolved throughout history, many aspects of satire are still apparent in both the articles of parody news sources, like The Onion, and the performances of professional comedians, like
The Effectiveness of A Modest Proposal by Jonathan Swift "A Modest Proposal for preventing the children of poor people in Ireland from being a burden to their parents or country, and for making them beneficial to the public" - Jonathan Swift 1729. In reading this you will discover the answer to the above question in three parts; · How effective is it as an argument · How effective is it as a piece of information · How effective is it as satire "A Modest Proposal" first appeared in public in 1729, Swift wrote this article after all of his previous suggestions had been rejected by the Irish authorities. Swift felt the English government had psychologically exiled him and this greatly added to the rage he felt over the way the Irish People were treated or rather mistreated by the English. Although Swift's highest and most prominent concerns were for his own class, the Anglo-Irish, he in the end spoke for the nation as a whole.
The films Young Frankenstein and One Flew over the Cuckoo’s Nest can be viewed as a critical analysis of society’s issues and dysfunctions in the form of satire and parody using humor. While Young Frankenstein, Mel Brooks cinematic version of the gothic novel, Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein, uses parody in the form of Horatian satire, which is achieved through gentle ridicule and using a tone that is indulgent, tolerant, amused and witty. The film One Flew over the Cuckoo’s Nest, the adaptation of the Ken Kesey novel, uses a form of satire called Juvenalian satire which is demonstrated in the form of attacks on vice and error with contempt and indignation. Horatian satire will produce a humor response from the reader instead of anger or indignation as Juvenalian satire. Juvenalian satire, in its realism and its harshness, is in strong contrast to Horatian satire (Kent and Drury).
Satire is a literary method of saying one thing by saying something completely different yet comparable to the intended target of the satire. In Arthur Miller’s play, The Crucible, he indirectly criticized America’s Red Scare by writing about the historic Salem witch trials. Zamyatin, through his authorship of We, criticized the future of Russia he foresaw due the changes already being made by Lenin and the rest of the early Bolshevik leaders. His prediction for the future was quite accurate; ju...
It may seem ridiculous to use humor to explain problems with political and social issues, but satire allows authors to do this in a very respected academic fashion. Satire first finds its roots in Roman poet Horace’s writing style between 65 and 8 BCE. Coined “Horatian satire”, self-depricating and whitty writing manifests itself in many ancient and modern forms of written word. However, Juvenal, late first century and early second century Roman poet decide to take Horace’s form of satire a step further. “Juvenalian satire” becomes a harsher and more aggressive form of satirical writing. (Source here) 1950s and ‘60s author Joseph Heller joins a long-standing tradition of satirical writing in his critically acclaimed novel set during World War II, Cath-22. How humans think about the human condition and the state of 20th century American warfare are both heavily satirized in a Juvenalian style throughout the course of the book, but bureaucracy and, furthermore, the American government, are the main targets of Heller’s Juvenalian satire.
This essay will have no value unless the reader understands that Swift has written this essay as a satire, humor that shows the weakness or bad qualities of a person, government, or society (Satire). Even the title A Modest Proposal is satirical. Swift proposes using children simply as a source of meat, and outrageous thought, but calls his propo...
Satire is used in Pride and Prejudice by Jane Austen to show the deficiencies in morals and ethics of the characters that Austen disapproves of. Satire is used to "attack" characters and to bring about change. The different characters types she satirizes are "suck-ups," hierarchical, and/or ignorant.
Of the thirty one lines devoted to the portrait of the Wife of Bath only those four are committed to that portion of her character. By today’s standards that is an infinitesimal amount to be dedicated to the salacious parts of a character portrait. The mere fact that this woman had been married five times and that there was a possibility of a scandal in her youth would be enough to wipe out any discussion of her piousness, her travels and most especially her good work. In todays world it would be more likely that her possible promiscuity would be used specifically to undermine any skill she might have to promote herself.
An example of satire from “The Weather of New England” is the critique of the poets and people that only visit New England in the Spring time, write about their appreciation for it, but have not lived in the harsh winter weather. An example of satire from “the dog that bit people” is how the mother valued her dog over people. The dog has bitten over 40 people, but it isn’t his fault. She goes to a shrink, not for herself, but for her dog. She had told herself that it was for the better that Muggs had bitten the congressman, simply because she did not particularly care for him. The similarities between the speech and the essay is that they both use satire to critique. In the speech the author criticizes the poets who only visit in the spring. In the essay the author criticizes people who care more for their dogs than
Satire is a literary manner built on wit and humor with a critical attitude directed to human institutions and humanity. A successful satiric play will show certain truths about society and then try to improve upon them. Satire is meant to be constructive rather than destructive. Aristophanes uses satire in Lysistrata to convey many different themes such as war and peace, the struggles of power and class, and the life and death issues that are seen in war. Satire is successfully used and seen in Lysistrata by stereotyping women in general and then the different classes of women as well. Double entendres are seen throughout the play to help add humor to the play. Sex is used as humorous tool but only to covey a deeper theme that consists of war and peace and also of life and death.
As more works enter the world of literature every year, authors must find ways to uniquely connect with their audience, and set themselves and their piece apart from other stories. Oscar Wilde uses satire throughout his story The Importance of Being Earnest to provide social commentary and lighten the mood in this comedy. The main characters appear foolish and pompous throughout, indicating his perspective on their time period, and how he believes those characters would interact with each other. Emphasized in the article “The Power of Ridicule: An Analysis of Satire” by Megan Leboeuf, the use of satire not only adds depth to a story, but also offers the author a protected voice and a chance to critique the time period they live in as a whole.
He uses satire a great deal in the novel to emphasise how it does not