Comparative Study and Analysis of Various Battery Models used for Electric Vehicles

1- INTRODUCTION

Battery are used to stored energy basically its convert chemical energy into electrical energy or vice versa. This property of battery is very useful in power system. It has used everywhere for availability of energy. Some of its main applications are grown in last decade of year, these are

• Battery is in Electrical vehicle.

• For the energy storage in plant we use Battery Energy Storage Plants. In this we compensate the flow active or reactive power.

• Batteries are used in Uninterrupted Power Supplies.

Main types of battery are available for use i.e. primary and secondary. Primary batteries are used for a single time until they discharged because they are not rechargeable like zinc–carbon batteries, alkaline batteries etc. but secondary batteries are rechargeable they can be used again and again like nickel–cadmium (NiCd), lithium-ion (Li-ion) cell etc.

Li-ion battery

2. DIFFERENT TYPES OF BATTERY MODEL

There are many techniques of battery modelling are present. Few of them are mentioned here with their merits and demerits are given below:

1. SIMPLE BATTERY MODEL

It is the most common model of the battery. This model is having a terminal voltage and internal resistance of battery which is equivalent to constant internal resistance ESR with open circuit voltage . It is consisting of ideal battery which having unlimited power is assumed shown in fig. 1.

Fig. 1: Circuit of the simple Battery model

At fully charged condition, the terminal voltage is obtained from open circuit measurement. ESR can be obtained by connecting a load and by measuring the voltage and current across the load. This model seems very simple but it is does not depend upon the state of charge (SOC), changes in internal resistance ESR due to...

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...rrent relationship given by Peukerts equation:

Where, is battery current in amp, C is battery capacity, p and K is Peukerts parameters.

Peukerts parameters are determined from capacity vs. discharge current curve given by the manufactures. Soc in terms of discharge voltage is determined from terminal voltage and discharge curve. Manufacture data sheet also gives the information of battery internal resistance in terms of SOC.

10. Accurately Estimating SOC and SOH Calculations for Adaptive Modeling

SOH defines the state of health of battery which estimated the degradation of battery parameters due aging and comparing with standard value. All these model gives the little importance to SOC and SOH. In most cases, SOH is estimated by the degradation of some of the battery model parameters with aging and comparing them with the standard value of that

parameter