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Trolley problem e 3 examples
Trolley problem e 3 examples
Trolley problem e 3 examples
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This sentence is a great transition from the previous paragraph into the topic of this paragraph, which is the ethical analysis of an artificial intelligence choosing between two bad situations. Artificial intelligence raises two main problems. The first is a classic ethical dilemma; what is morally correct when choosing between two bad situations? The second question is unique to the discussion about artificial intelligence; how do we precisely and accurately define the morally correct choice? In an attempt to answer these questions, we consider the classic trolley problem.
The basic trolley problem is as follows. A trolley is moving down a track towards a fork in the track. On one side of the fork, there are five people tied up. On the other side of the fork, there is one person tied up. Without intervention, the trolley will go down the first side of the fork, killing five people, but there is a lever that can be pulled to divert the trolley down the second fork, killing only one
When considering something as difficult to recognize for humans as “the correct moral choice,” defining it for machines becomes even more difficult. With the increased difficulty in defining for the artificial intelligence what is right and what is wrong, the ethics of the definition itself must be questioned. If a definition of “the correct moral choice” is only correct 95% of the time, can it still be ethical to use that definition to make decisions? A simple variation of the trolley problem illustrates the problem. Consider the classic trolley problem with five people on one side of a fork and one person on the other fork. The variation in this case is that there is only 95% certainty that the group of five people is a group of real people, and not a billboard depicting people. In this situation, one must consider the resilience of the ability to identify people, in addition to the ethical
What are the implications for moral theory? I think that Julia Annas’ computer manual model of decision making, is our own consciences and the sense of what is right or wrong. Consequently, we have the freedom to choose as to whether or not we comply with what our conscience tells us to do in situations/ as I mentioned earlier in regards to the trolley problem, some people might say ‘it is better to save five people, as it would spare five families the loss of loved ones, and it is one person instead.’, whilst others would say ‘it is better to save one person, as five people with healthy organs to donate is much better.’ Regardless of which one is the best answer, it can be paradoxical as to how a person looks at
Hold the trolley with its front touching the start line. 5. What is the difference between a'smart' and a'smart'? Simultaneously start the stop clock and release the trolley. careful not to push it or exert any extra force on it).
A study was conducted in which participants were presented with three dilemmas. One dilemma was called the Trolley Dilemma: a trolley is headed toward five people standing on the track. You can switch the trolley to another track killing only one person instead of five. Subjects were asked to decide between right and wrong.
This world of artificial intelligence has the power to produce many questions and theories because we don’t understand something that isn’t possible. “How smart’s an AI, Case? Depends. Some aren’t much smarter than dogs. Pets. Cost a fortune anyway. The real smart ones are as smart as the Turing heat is willing to let ‘em get.” (Page 95) This shows that an artificial intelligence can be programmed to only do certain ...
Links999. Ethical and moral issues regarding artificial intelligence. Links999.org, 24 Apr. 2011. Web. 25 Apr. 2011. .
The conditions of the present scenario are as follows: a machine, Siri*, capable of passing the Turing test, is being insulted by a 10 year old boy, whose mother is questioning the appropriateness of punishing him for his behavior. We cannot answer the mother's question without speculating as to what A.M. Turing and John Searle, two 20th century philosophers whose views on artificial intelligence are starkly contrasting, would say about this predicament. Furthermore, we must provide fair and balanced consideration for both theorists’ viewpoints because, ultimately, neither side can be “correct” in this scenario. But before we compare hypothetical opinions, we must establish operant definitions for all parties involved. The characters in this scenario are the mother, referred to as Amy; the 10 year old boy, referred to as the Son; Turing and Searle; and Siri*, a machine that will be referred to as an “it,” to avoid an unintentional bias in favor of or against personhood. Now, to formulate plausible opinions that could emerge from Turing and Searle, we simply need to remember what tenants found their respective schools of thought and apply them logically to the given conditions of this scenario.
One of the hottest topics that modern science has been focusing on for a long time is the field of artificial intelligence, the study of intelligence in machines or, according to Minsky, “the science of making machines do things that would require intelligence if done by men”.(qtd in Copeland 1). Artificial Intelligence has a lot of applications and is used in many areas. “We often don’t notice it but AI is all around us. It is present in computer games, in the cruise control in our cars and the servers that route our email.” (BBC 1). Different goals have been set for the science of Artificial Intelligence, but according to Whitby the most mentioned idea about the goal of AI is provided by the Turing Test. This test is also called the imitation game, since it is basically a game in which a computer imitates a conversating human. In an analysis of the Turing Test I will focus on its features, its historical background and the evaluation of its validity and importance.
There are always many ethical issues on hands for any business organization. The list id so long and complicated that one can never solve it in a way that everyone can be happy. Because of that, most of the ethical issues in the business world are solved in a manners that both affected parties can have win-win situation. In this paper, we will be discussing a case in which we will focus on how conducting a personal business at work while using corporate asses for personal use affects the moral behavior in any organization.
1. What is the title of your article and the primary issue in this article?
This would mean that at higher points the trolley would have more gravitational potential energy. This would be a good variable to investigate because we can use various gradients but it might be slightly difficult to measure some angles with the protractor. * Height of start position- this affects the motion of the trolley because as the height gets larger the trolley gains more gravitational energy. This would be a good variable to investigate because there are many heights we can use and it is also easy to
Once the trolley has reached the end of the runway, remove the ticker tape and analyse it to ensure that the trolley had been moving at constant velocity. If the spaces between the dots are equal, the trolley has been moving with a constant acceleration.
Kevin Bowyer, author of Ethics In Computing, advances a question as the only ethical dilemma unique to the field of computing. (Bowyer 3) He asks: "how much decision-making should be entrusted to a machine?" In this paper I'd like to explore some of the issues around this topic, which I will generalize into the question "is human judgment essential to a decision-making process?" After discussing the impacts the answer to this question could have on human institutions, I will ultimately conclude that human judgment is a critical ingredient to decision-making, but not necessarily at a fixed point in the process.
In order to see how artificial intelligence plays a role on today’s society, I believe it is important to dispel any misconceptions about what artificial intelligence is. Artificial intelligence has been defined many different ways, but the commonality between all of them is that artificial intelligence theory and development of computer systems that are able to perform tasks that would normally require a human intelligence such as decision making, visual recognition, or speech recognition. However, human intelligence is a very ambiguous term. I believe there are three main attributes an artificial intelligence system has that makes it representative of human intelligence (Source 1). The first is problem solving, the ability to look ahead several steps in the decision making process and being able to choose the best solution (Source 1). The second is the representation of knowledge (Source 1). While knowledge is usually gained through experience or education, intelligent agents could very well possibly have a different form of knowledge. Access to the internet, the la...
Artificial intelligence has been an intriguing topic of the 21st century. Over the past decade, artificial intelligence has been growing exponentially. There is no doubt that this growth has had and will continue to have a significant impact on society. The foundation of artificial intelligence comes from the theory of computer systems being able to perform tasks that normally require, human intelligence, such as visual perception, speech recognition, decision making, and translation between languages. Throughout the past decade, Artificial Intelligence has conquered many of these categories, and it continues to advance. In this paper, I will examine two disparities that arise on the discussion of Artificial Intelligence: the negative impact
Artificial Intelligence “is the ability of a human-made machine to emulate or simulate human methods for the deductive and inductive acquisition and application of knowledge and reason” (Bock, 182). The early years of artificial intelligence were seen through robots as they exemplified the advances and potential, while today AI has been integrated society through technology. The beginning of the thought of artificial intelligence happened concurrently with the rise of computers and the dotcom boom. For many, the utilization of computers in the world was the most advanced role they could ever see machines taking. However, life has drastically changed from the 1950s. This essay will explore the history of artificial intelligence, discuss the