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Child maltreatment and its effect
Childhood trauma affects health easily
Childhood trauma literature review
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Childhood victimization and subsequent risk for promiscuity, prostitution and teenage pregnancy is a study which questions whether children who are abused and neglected increases the chances of them running away, being homeless, engaging in early sexual contact increases the risk for promiscuity, pregnancy amongst teenagers and prostitution. The findings support a relationship between childhood victimization and subsequent prostitution (Hagan, 2010) but there continue to be questions in regards to specific elements that lead from child abuse neglect and teenage pregnancy. The method used for data gathering consisted of abused and neglected children and were matched with children not having been abused and neglected. The sample consisted of …show more content…
The proposed research examined the relationship among childhood victimization, teenage pregnancy, promiscuity and prostitution. Overall hypothesis will explain to what extent to which being abused and neglected in childhood increases a person’s risk of sexual relations with a number of different partners on a casual basis. Speculation is that child neglect by a parent or care provider lead to them running away. Being alone on the streets make a child vulnerable to high risk sexual behaviors which is a contributing factor to teenage pregnancy and access to pimps and pornographers. Further research will likely identify and describe the ways which childhood victimization in addition to physical and sexual abuse along with neglect is a result that negatively affects these unhealthy relationships.
The authors are interested in how child abuse and neglect affects young adults abused as children. The analyses of covariance indicated that individuals who had been physically abused in childhood were at greater risk for promiscuity, prostitution and teenage pregnancy. The authors examined the link between early sexual abuse and other socially relevant outcomes of
Romero-Martinez A, Figueiredo B, Moya-Albiol L. Childhood history of abuse and child abuse potential: The role of parent's gender and timing of childhood abuse. Child Abuse & Neglect March 2014; 38(3).Print
Finkelhor, D., Hotaling, G., Lewis, I., & Smith, C. (1990). Sexual abuse in a national survey of
Adolescents who are physically abused are likely to question the intentions or others as well as develop bias perceptions of social processes. A study showed that "Inmates who were child victims were more than twice as likely as inmates who were adult victims to report having suffered prior instances of physical or sexual abuse. The differences were particularly striking with respect to sexual abuse. While an estimated 22% of child victimizers reported having been sexually abused, less than 6% of adult victimizers reported such backgrounds” (Ards et al, 2001). Not only are victims of sexual abuse more likely to enact sexual violence against others they are also likely to engage in prostitution.
Studies linking early childhood experiences to adult health outcomes are well represented in developmental literature.While research has solidified a significant relation between childhood maltreatment and poor adult health specifically, there has been a limited understanding of the mechanisms that explain this association. The article under review attempts to identify the pathways between childhood abuse and poor adult health and health care utilization, suggesting that risky health behaviors and mental health problems mediate this relation. Though the article offers unprecedented insights into the reasons why early childhood abuse appears to predict poor outcomes in later adult health, there are concerns over the methods and design of the study. The cross-sectional design inhibits longitudinal examination of participants, thus limiting assumptions that can be made about long term effects of childhood experiences. Homeless and institutionalized populations were not represented in the mediation analyses, though rates of childhood abuse, mental health problems, and risky health behaviors are high in such groups. The mediation analyses testing the association between childhood abuse, health indicators, and health outcomes controlled for demographic of participants only. However, age of participant is a confounding variable that may influence the rate at which participants utilize health care services. Regardless of such concerns, the article under review represents an innovative approach to understanding developmental health outcomes, and has allowed for well-informed policies that protect youth against poor health in adulthood.
Child abuse is a serious issue in today's society. Many people have been victims of child abuse. There are three forms of child abuse: physical, emotional, and sexual. Many researchers believe that sexual abuse is the most detremental of the three. A middle-aged adult who is feeling depressed will probably not relate it back to his childhood, but maybe he should. The short-term effects of childhood sexual abuse have been proven valid, but now the question is, do the long-term effects of childhood sexual abuse affect middle-aged adults? Many contradicting views arise from the subject of childhood sexual abuse. Researchers and psychologists argue on this issue. Childhood sexual abuse has the potential to damage a child physically, emotionally, and behaviorally for the rest of his or her childhood, and the effects have been connected to lasting into middle-aged adulthood.
Physical violence is the most visible form of abuse that is noticed in any form of abusive relationship. It ranges from pinching, to slapping, punching, kicking and hitting. The victims often have serious consequences like severed bruises, broken bones and such injuries have resulted in fatalities. Physical abuse is often the red flag that friends and family notice and this is also very often the final phase abuse can reach to. In the national sample of college students, it was found that 32% of the women have reported experiencing physical abuse from age 14 to college years (Smith, White, & Holland, 2003). The National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health conducted a survey amongst 7000 high school students, they found that 10% (Halpern, Young, Waller, Martin, & Kupper, 2004) of young women have reported being pushed around by a romantic partner and 3% reported having something thrown at them. In 1997 South Carolina Youth Behavior Risk Survey 9.7% girls between grades 9 and 12 reported physical abuse in a dating relationship and 21.3% reported being sexually assaulted (Coker et al., 2000). Sexual abuse includes rape, attempted rape and coercive sex. All these terms point towards sexual relationships where the person does not give consent or
...tory of abuse and neglect in early childhood is also associated with running away from home (Kaufman and Widon, 1999 as cited in Hildyard & Wolfe, 2002), high-risk for delinquency (Widon, 2001 as cited in Hildyard & Wolfe, 2002) and risk for personality disorders in early adulthood (Johnson et al., 1999 as cited in Hildyard & Wolfe, 2002).
Child neglect is the most common form of maltreatment towards children, which may lead to various short- and long-term physical, psychological and social consequences. It is known to coincide with other forms of abuse and difficulties. Infants and toddlers are often the main victims of neglect.
Trauma, according to Merriam-Webster’s dictionary, is defined as a disordered psychic or behavioral state resulting from severe mental or emotional stress or physical injury. Childhood trauma that often has lasting effects on the brain occurs during the ages of 0-3 (very early childhood), 4-11 (early childhood), and early adolescents. This type of trauma affects children behaviorally, emotionally, and cognitively.
Research has shown that if a youth runs away from home or are experiencing homelessness, they are at an increased risk for sexual exploitation (MNHTTF, 2014). At-risk or homeless youth are particularly vulnerable to predators who are looking to exploit them (MNHTTF, 2014). This is often due to the youth having a lack of shelter, means to provide for their basic needs, and typically having little financial resources (MNHTTF,
Experience violence at home during childhood is a risk factor for being an abuser and/or a victim. The exposure to violence can make a child believe that violence is normal. A violent home where abuses happen can also make the child run away from home which can increase the early consumption of alcohol and the early engagement in intimate relationships, which are more risk factors. Alcohol can impair the judgement of the abuser and the victim. Younger women, especially those aged between 15 and 19 are ate a greater risk of being in a current abusive relationship (WHO, 2005). Being in a relationship in a young age usually impacts the woman level of education and her financial autonomy. Higher levels of education were found to be protective against IPV. However, the education protective effect start only when women’s education goes beyond secondary school, it means that they have to achieve at least high school. In a situation where young women are at an intimate relationship, it is probable that they won’t achieve this degree of education. Level of education directly impacts jobs opportunities and consequently financial autonomy. Although WHO (2005) states that financial independency can be a protective factor against IPV, Franklin & Menaker (2014) found that when the woman and her partner are employed the odds of victimization increased by 2.2 times as compared with male-only-employment relationship. I believe that financial autonomy increases the woman’s ability to leave an abusive relationship, however the partner may feel more insecure because of the work connections that the woman have and start to be abusive. Race and ethnicity seems to play a role in intimate partner violence. Black women experience IPV at a rate 35% higher than that white women, and about 2.5 times the rate of women of other races (Rennison & Welchans,200). These are just
There are many forms of child maltreatment, including neglect, physical abuse, sexual abuse, exploitation, and emotional abuse (Child Help).” The three main types of abuse are physical, emotional, and sexual. Abuse can be found in many sorts of ways; most of the time it cannot be seen by human eyes, but nonetheless creates problem for the child. Emotional abuse can be just as traumatizing for a child as physical abuse. It was found that 80% of victims of the age 21 showed some sort of psychological issue later on in life if they had suffered from one of the three types of child abuse early in their childhood. Victims also are 25% more likely for teen pregnancy, and less likely to practice safe sex which increases the spread of sexual transmitted diseases
To understand how to prevent child sexual abuse, one must begin by understanding what child sex abuse is. When a perpetrator intentionally harms a child physically, psychologically, sexually, or by acts of neglect, this crime is known as child abuse. Child sex abuse consists of any sexual activity that includes a minor. A child cannot consent to any form of sexual activity. More importantly, when a perpetrator engages with a child this way, they are committing a crime that can have lasting effects on the victim for years. Moreover, child sexual abuse does not need to include physical contact between a perpetrator and child, some forms include but not limited to; fondling, intercourse, sex trafficking, exposing oneself to a minor, masturbation
Bruises fade, bones heal, but the pain and memories of child abuse will last a life time… What is considered child abuse? There are so many different types of child abuse. Some examples of child abuse are physical abuse, sexual abuse, emotional abuse, and child neglect. (What Is Child Abuse?) No child should ever have to be scared to go home after school or to just go home in general because someone at home who is supposed to love and care about them is abusing them. Abuse with children is a very serious issue in today’s society and it should not be overlooked. People don’t realize that the things they do to a child is very traumatic. There are nearly 1 million cases reported in the United States of child abuse every year. (Child Abuse) Child
Child abuse is a very serious problem that continues to happen all over the world. The Federal Child Abuse Prevention and Treatment Act, defines child abuse as a failure to act as a parent or caregiver which results in physical/emotional harm, sexual abuse, and in some cases death. There are many different types of child abuse such as emotional, physical, neglect, and sexual. With each type of abuse there are warning signs you can spot before it is too late. When a child is abused there is a huge possibility that it can cause them to have many long term effects.