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Child Labor in Pakistan
Picture yourself as a 7 year old with a full time job, no education, and the responsibility to provide for your family. Could you do it? Would you be able to work long hours for years on end in unhealthy and possibly unsafe conditions? “The term ‘child labor’ is defined as work that deprives children of their childhood, their potential and their dignity and that is harmful to physical and mental development” (What is Child Labor ). A child is considered to be a person under the age of 18. Not all work performed by children is unacceptable work. Acceptable work complies with applicable labor laws which may limit the type of work, work conditions, work hours and pay rates. Unacceptable work for a child is work that places children in dangerous or hazardous situations or keeps the child from school in order to perform his or her duties. Work conditions such as enslavement, forced separations from families, bonded labor, extreme work hours and below minimum wages are considered illegal. Unfortunately, in Pakistan a large number of children experience these unacceptable work conditions. In Pakistan, the human rights of children are grossly violated every day due to the abuses that occur with the widespread use of child labor by many Pakistani industries. Economic pressures on companies and families, the current political setting and the social environment combine to allow the continuation of the victimization of the children of Pakistan.
There are many companies that employ, buy, or force children to work. The low cost of child labor gives the manufacturers a significant advantage in the western market place because they can undersell their competitors. (Child labor in Pakistan). There was a child named Ia...
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... will be paying the price with the loss of their human rights.
Works Cited
"Free The Children - Issues Library." Freethechildren.net. Free The Children, 2011. Web.
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“Child Labor.” Spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk. Spartacus Educational, n.d. Web. 02 January. 2012.
Child Labor Public Education Project. University of Iowa, n.d. Web. 02 January. 2012.
"ILAB - Pakistan." Dol.gov. The U.S. Department of Labor, n.d. Web. 02 January. 2012.
“Labour Laws Pakistan.” Labourunity.org. Labour Unity Organization, n.d. Web. 2 Jan. 2012. “Quotes." Globalmarch.org. Global March Against Child Labour, n.d. Web. 02 Jan. 2012.
Silvers, Jonathan. "Child Labor in Pakistan.” The Atlantic. February (1996) Web. 02 Jan. 2012 .
“Worst Form of Child Labour – Pakistan.” Globalmarch.org. Global March Against Child Labour, n.d. Web. 02 January. 2012.
Iqbal Masih started his child labour journey at a very young age. At just four years old he was forced out of his home, away from his family, to work for a wealthy carpet maker, to whom his family owed a total of six hundred rupees, sixteen Canadian dollars. Iqbal and a large amount of children were forced to work more than twelve hours a day, six days a week. The over worked children were treated like rubbish. They were beaten regularly, verbally abused, and worst of all chained to their looms by the carpet factory owner. If that wasn’t enough the poor clueless children were cheated into working insane hours and were paid twenty cents a day, and that’s only if they make a certain amount of product. If that wasn’t awful enough, the children had to pay for their own food. Leaving the children to starve and pay off their debt sooner, or slave for more money so they can eat a meal of rice. After eight years of being over worked and beaten Iqbal ran away from his master, to the police, after learning child labour was illegal, Iqbal went back to his owner’s factory with police reinforcements. Iqbal was astounded when he saw his master bribing the police. Iqbal expressed to Francesco D'Adamo how he felt his stomach tighten and how fear took over his body because he knew he would be in trouble with his master. Iqbal was punished severally for his escape attempt but this only motivated him more. He escaped once more and this time he knew he had to make it count. Iqbal ran off to the BBLF, the Bonded Labour Liberation Fund, here they offered Iqbal a safe place to stay. Although Iqbal Masih passed away at a young age, he nevertheless left his mark on the world by travelling around the world to raise awareness for child labour, insp...
Shah, Anup. "Child Labor." - Global Issues. Anup Shah, 17 July 2005. Web. 26 Nov. 2013. .
"ILO Conventions and Recommendations on Child Labour (IPEC)." Conventions and Recommendations on Child Labour (IPEC). N.p., n.d. Web. 21 Dec. 2017. (-- removed HTML --) .
All of my life I have considered myself as a person who loves children. I enjoy playing with them, helping them, and just being around them. So when I first agreed with corporations who use child labor I shocked myself completely. After examining two articles; one “The Case for Sweatshops”, by David R. Henderson, and two “Sweatshops or a Shot at a Better Life”, by Cathy Young, I came to the conclusion that in some cases when young children work under proper conditions it can keep them out of the streets and be helpful to them and their families.
Throughout time children have worked myriad hours in hazardous workplaces in order to make a few cents to a few dollars. This is known as child labor, where children are risking their lives daily for money. Today child labor continues to exist all over the world and even in the United States where children pick fruits and vegetables in difficult conditions. According to the article, “What is Child Labor”; it states that roughly 215 million children around the world are working between the ages of 5 and 17 in harmful workplaces. Child labor continues to exist because many families live in poverty and with more working hands there is an increase in income. Other families take their children to work in the fields because they have no access to childcare and extra money is beneficial to buy basic needs. Although there are laws and regulations that protect children from child labor, stronger enforcement is required because child labor not only exploits children but also has detrimental effects on a child’s health, education, and the people of the nation.
Levine, Marvin J. "Mines, Mills, and Canneries." Children for Hire: The Perils of Child Labor in the United States. Westport, CT: Praeger, 2003. 21. Print.
What is Child Labor?Child Labor is work that harms children or keeps them from attending school. Around the world and in the U.S., growing gaps between rich and poor in recent decades have forced millions of young children out of school and into work. It is estimated that 215 million children between the ages of 5 and 17 are currently working under conditions that are considered illegal, hazardous, or extremely exploitative.1 Underage children work many different types of jobs that included commercial agriculture, fishing, manufacturing, mining, and domestic services. Some children were involved in illicit activities that included drug trade, prostitution, and other traumatic occupations that included serving as soldiers. Child Labor involved threatening children’s physical, mental, or emotional well- being. It involved intolerable abuse, such as slavery, child trafficking, debt bondage, forced labor or illicit activities and prevented children from going to school.
Child Labour In the past few years, a great deal of attention has been drawn to the global problem of child labour. Virtually everyone is guilty of participating in this abusive practice through the purchase of goods made in across the globe, usually in poor, developing nations. This issue has been around for a great length of time but has come to the forefront recently because of reports that link well known American companies like Wal-Mart and Nike to the exploitation of children. Prior to this media attention, many Americans and other people in developed nation were blind to the reality of the oppressive conditions that are reality to many.
A survey done every four years says that there has been less child labor in countries such as India and Morocco than in the United States (Barta and others). Some companies overseas have strict policies against child labor; for example, a toy factory in China will not accept children for work because they feel children should not be forced to do hard labor for any amount of money. On the opposing side, in some places child labor is a huge problem such as Africa and parts of Asia. For example, in Bangladesh several under 18 workers were found working in Rana Plaza and a 15 year old worker died in a factory accident in May, according to Kate O’Keeffe of the Wall Street Journal. O’ Keeffe also writes, “There is concern that child labor will go for the worse rather than for better, especially if Western economies rebound stronger.”
Here many uneducated children, who do not have the financial resources to stay in school, migrate into big urban cities in search of jobs to make ends meet. The type of work that these young kids go and find are usually very labor intensive jobs such as textile, clothing, shoe, and toy manufacturing. Where they need little to no prior knowledge of working, and are put in long hours and very repetitive jobs. During my research I found that in China it is more common to see young girls working either in workshops or in the street, than it is for young boys. This is due to the fact that girls in China are not forced by their parents to complete their studies. The government of China does have laws and rules against the use of child labor in factories. There are special agencies that specifically go to each and every workshop or factory every year in search of child labor. The only problem with these laws and agencies is that they are not very enforcing. When an employer is caught using child labor, whether it is forced, excessive, or in hazardous conditions they are simply given a fine that they must pay to the government, and are forced to return the child home immediately. This causes for big private companies to simply keep hiring and hiring cheap child labor and only paying a fine without seriously facing the consequences. Employers usually also close their doors during the day, to not let any
Child labor refers to work that is mentally, physically, socially or morally dangerous and harmful to children; interferes with their schooling by depriving them of the opportunity to attend school; obliging them to leave school prematurely or by requiring them to attempt to combine school attendance with excessively long and heavy work (International Labor Organization). Child labor has been a big problem ever since the Victorian Era. Many counties worldwide have used and still to this day use child labor. Though there are many laws that have been implemented against using children to work, many countries tend to ignore them. In my paper I will be discussing countries where child labor is present, push to stop child labor, companies that use child labor, the effects on children, and the reasons for child labor.
Child Labor is not an isolated problem. The phenomenon of child labor is an effect of economic discrimination. In different parts of the world, at different stages of histories, laboring of child has been a part of economic life. More than 200 million children worldwide, some are as young as 4 and 5 years old, are slaves to the production line. These unfortunate children manufacture shoes, matches, clothing, rugs and countless other products that are flooding the American market and driving hard-working Americans out of jobs. These children worked long hours, were frequently beaten, and were paid a pittance. In 1979, a study shows more than 50 million children below the age of 16 were considered child labor (United Nation labors agency data). In 1998, according to the Campaign for Labor rights that is a NGO and United Nation Labor Agency, 250 million children around the world are working in farms, factories, and household. Some human rights experts indicate that there are as many as 400 million children under the age of 15 are performing forced labor either part or full-time under unsafe work environment. Based upon the needs of the situation, there are specific areas of the world where the practice of child labor is taking place. According to the journal written by Basu, Ashagrie gat...
So I believe that the issue of child labour is not simple. As Unicef’s 1997 State of the World’s Children Report argued, children’s work needs to be seen as having two extremes. On one hand, there is the destructive or exploitative work and, on the other hand, there is beneficial work - promoting or enhancing children’s development without interfering with their schooling, recreation and rest. ‘And between these two poles are vast areas of work that need not negatively affect a child’s development.’ My firm belief is that there is a difference between child labour and child work and that in both cases the issue is whether or not the child is deliberately being exploited.
In document UN/ CRC/ 531, analyzed through UNICEF, an estimated 25% of the world’s children (developing world) are in the web of child labor. To add to this, nearly 70% of all girl/female laborers go unregistered, often performing acts of prostitution and strenuous domestic housework. This form of unregistered work is dangerous to young girls because the employers often abuse their employees sexually and physically, as well as psychologically scarring them for years. This alarming fact can be attributed to the inequality of education given to young girls.
Since the definition varies drastically in different parts of the world it is hard to decide what is child labour and what is labour. For example the minimum work age in Egypt is 12, this would therefore constitute the 12 year old as an adult in the workforce and therefore would not be put in the child labour category.16 However the basic minimum age recommended by the International Labour Organization is 15.17 The Convention on the Rights of the Child defines child as any person under the age of 18 therefore constituting the full time employment of 12 year olds as child labour.18 While the definition of child may be disputed, I still firmly believe that the full time work of persons under the age of 18, which puts them in harms way and distracts from education, and life outside of work constitutes as a human rights violation.