Confidential
The names in this report have been changed to protect the privacy of the parents and the child.
Name: Ron Klein
Date of Birth: 5-23-1998
Age: 16 years, 8 months
Testing Dates: 1-30-2014
Tests Given: Beery-Buktenica Developmental Test of Visual Motor Integration (VMI)
Conners-Wells’ Adolescent Self-Report Scale: Long Version (CASS: L)
Nelson-Denny Reading Test, Form H
Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale - Third Edition (WAIS-III)
Woodcock-Johnson Psychoeducational Battery - Third Edition (WJ-III)
Tests of Achievement: Selected Subtests
Tests of Cognitive Abilities: Selected Subtests
PRIMARY REFERRAL CONCERNS
Ron is a 16-year-old junior at County High School who was referred by his college
counselor for a comprehensive psycho-educational evaluation. Ron has an early history of
reading delays and received services from the Reading Specialist program for three years during
elementary school. His parents have provided intensive private tutoring for Ron throughout
middle school and high school. Ron’s parents requested this current evaluation to assess his
level of functioning in preparation for the college selection and application process.
BACKGROUND INFORMATION
Developmental/Family: Ron was the product of a full-term pregnancy with no significant
complications during the pregnancy or the delivery. Ron’s development proceeded normally, and
there are no developmental delays reported that would impair Ron’s academic progress.
There is a family history for the presence of learning disorders and ADHD on the maternal side,
with Ron’s uncle and grandfather both displaying symptoms of short attention span and learning
difficulties in the area of reading. Ron’s uncle has self-medicated with drug use and dropped
out of college due to these difficulties. Both of Ron’s parents were good students. Ron’s
mother completed college and his father runs a successful family business.
Ron resides with his parents and his younger sister who is a high achiever academically.
Health/Medical: When Ron was 4-years-old, his tonsils and adenoids were removed to
alleviate chronic problems with breathing, allergies, colds, and infections. This surgery helped,
but Ron continued to suffer from allergies and has taken medication throughout his life for this
condition. He has been receiving allergy sh...
... middle of paper ...
...nt to pursue a medication evaluation to determine if
stimulant medication would be helpful to him, so it is of critical importance that he develops
compensatory behavioral strategies. There are numerous resources available that are
appropriate for Ron’s age and for his preparation for college, including the following:
How to Reach and Teach Teenagers with ADHD by Grad L. Flick (October 2000)
ADHD – A Teenager’s Guide by James J. Crist (January 1996)
Academic Success Strategies for Adolescents with Learning Disabilities and ADHD
by Esther Minskoff, et. Al. (December 2002)
Learning Outside the Lines: Two Ivy League Students with Learning Disabilities and ADHD
Give You the Tools for Academic Success and Educational Revolution by Jonathan Mooney,
David Cole (August 2000)
DSM-IV Multiaxial Diagnosis
Axis: I 314.0 Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Predominantly Inattentive Type
315.0 Reading Disorder, timed conditions
Axis II: V71.09 No Diagnosis
Axis III: None
Axis IV: Functional Deficits in visual-motor integration, processing speed and attention.
Axis V: GAF=70
Doctor Ph.D.
California Licensed Psychologist #XXXXXXX
The mother cannot comprehend the diagnosis and believes the etiology of the psychosis is from drug use only. Charles is in denial as well but accepts the medication and when feeling better he stops and resumes his substance abuse. Charles cycles between the adult cr...
The Behavioral Assessment System for Children, Second Edition was written by Cecil R. Reynolds and Randy W. Kamphaus. The BASC-2 was published in 2004 by Pearson. The manual is currently priced at $102 and can be purchased online. The BASC-2 is qualified under level B. This means that it may be purchased by an individual with a master’s degree in psychology, education, occupational therapy, social work, or any field closely related to assessment and formal training it the ethical administration, scoring, and interpretation. AN individual who has certification in a professional organization that requires training and experience in the area of assessment. An individual who has a degree or license to practice in the healthcare field. Lastly an individual with formal, supervised training specific to assessing children.
Since the HIV/AIDS epidemic began in the U.S. in the early 1980s the issue of sex education for American youth has had the attention of the nation. There are about 400,000 teen births every year in the U.S, with about 9 billion in associated public costs. STI contraction in general, as well as teen pregnancy, have put the subject even more so on the forefront of the nation’s leading issues. The approach and method for proper and effective sex education has been hotly debated. Some believe that teaching abstinence-only until marriage is the best method while others believe that a more comprehensive approach, which includes abstinence promotion as well as contraceptive information, is necessary. Abstinence-only program curriculums disregard medical ethics and scientific accuracy, and have been empirically proven to be ineffective; therefore, comprehensive sex education programs which are medically accurate, science-based and empirically proven should be the standard method of sex education for students/children in the U.S.
ADHD is a disorder that has been on the rise for several years now. The disorder is one that can cause many impairments to a child’s attention span, making it difficult to concentrate and to keep on task, especially on schoolwork. (Graham, 2007) The statistics have been growing ...
Glazer, Sarah. "Sexually Transmitted Diseases." CQ Researcher 3 Dec. 2004: 997-1020. Web. 3 April 2014.
Studies conducted over a nearly 30 year span have consistently shown only a small fraction of adolescents get the 9 or more hours of sleep they require to function at their best. While teenagers are notorious for causing their own sleep difficulties, sleep loss among adolescents is confined primarily to school nights. “Sleep deprivation is epidemic among adolescents, with potentially serious impacts on mental and physical health, safety, and learning. Most teenagers undergo a biological shift to a later sleep-wake cycle, which can make early school start times particularly challenging.” says
It’s seven thirty in the morning, the time that most American high schools begin class. Instead of being chipper and ready to learn, most teenagers, at this time of the morning, can barely remain awake. These puffy eyed pupils are by no means ready to learn. Sixty percent children under 18 reported being sleepy during the day, with another fifteen percent reporting that they had fallen asleep during the school day within the past year (National Sleep Foundation, Dozing). Though adolescents require a larger amount of sleep than younger children, they usually receive much less (Indiana University Center for Adolescent Studies). The amount of sleep a teenager receives affects him or her both physically and mentally. Sleep deprived teenagers are more likely to be irritable, be depressed, not perform up to their capabilities in school, and have a decreased ability to handle complex tasks (National Parent Information Network). Though teenage sleep deprivation is a big problem, some simple solutions such as rescheduling the school day to fit teenagers’ biological needs, setting consistent sleep schedules, and teaching children the importance of proper sleep habits can easily remedy this problem.
3. Is there an alternative way to interpret the evidence? In my opinion and in my observations in my life, the evidence clearly points to a strong correlation between genetics and a person?s chance of having ADHD. I have also had friends with ADHD whose parents exhibit similar symptoms.
In today’s society, many individuals are aware of the issue of teenage pregnancy and the high rate of sexually transmitted diseases among the youth. One can simply turn on their television and become quickly aware of the popular, yet controversial, discussion of teenage sexual activity in the United States through the news and shows like Teen Mom and 16 and Pregnant. Almost ever, discussion about teenagers and their sexual activity refers back to Sex Education in the public school system. Many individuals would consider Sex Education to be the source and/or solution to the problems that occur as a result of sexually active teenagers in the United States. For many decades, Sex Education has been taught in public schools but also has been a topic of controversy. Proponents of Abstinence-Only Education argue that Traditional Sex Education should not just focus on teaching students about contraceptives and how to use them, but instead it should also help students develop and acquire the virtues of prudence and temperance, and teach students the importance of abstinence and the emotional risk that comes along with being sexually active at such a young age. Other people like to argue that Traditional Sex Education should be taught in schools because they believe that informing students about how to be safe when participating in sexual acts is very important. Abstinence-Only Education is the best form of Sex Education for students and should be taught in the public school system because it teaches students the importance of abstaining from sex along with helping them develop or acquire the virtues of prudence and temperance.
Classroom management is one of the most essential skills to becoming an effective classroom teacher. Teachers who possess the ability to manage their classroom are able to create an environment where learning is the focus (Burden & Cooper, 2004). Although teachers may be well prepared and skilled with classroom management, at some point in time they will encounter a student or students whose behavior hovers authority and the functioning of the class. There is no simple way to deal with these difficult situations, but there are strategies to help. The first step is to identify the purpose of the behavior. A Functional Behavior Assessment (FBA), is a systematic set of strategies that are used to determine the underlying function or purpose of a behavior so that an effective intervention plan can be developed (NPDC, 2014).
There has been a heated debate over the years on whether sex education should be taught at schools instead of abstinence-only. Many believe that talking about sex in the classroom raises the initiation of such behavior, and by stressing discipline, self-control, and self-respect, advocates argue, abstinence-only programs build character in students. Others believe that ignoring the subject keeps teens in the dark which leads them to make unsafe decisions when they become sexually active. In order to fix this problem schools should teach Sex Education, but emphasize that abstinence is the only 100 percent effective way to prevent pregnancy or sexually transmitted diseases.
The government likes to pretend that if high school students get taught the “abstinence-only” method they would never think of taking part in sexual activities. Statistically this is incorrect. According to the Center for Disease Control and Prevention, “56 percent of high school students are virgins”(Martin). For the 56 percent abstinence only is doing them well, but there are still 44 percent of high school students engaging in sex without knowing the precau...
American teens need a new approach to sexual education. Though more Americans share the belief that abstinence-only education denies youth the information they need about contraceptive use to protect themselves from pregnancy and STDs, abstinence-only is still the primary method of sexual education offered in most U.S schools. Conservatives believe that comprehensive sexuality programs encourage adolescents to engage in sexual activity, and if any teachings about sexual education are allowed, they should focus on an abstinence-only curriculum. This chastity approach to sexual education is both outdated and impractical in today’s society. Abstinence-only sexual education programs often exclude vital information about contraceptives and STDs
In the assessment of Ryan, the parent provided crucial information that led to identification of challenges that Ryan was going through. The parent spent a lot of time helping the child to complete his homework. Secondly, the parent realized that Ryan would be able to memorize a story, but reading and writing down the story was the challenge because the letters were jumbled up in a word. Ryan was showing extreme signs of frustration while at home, an aspect that he hid from his class teacher and schoolmates. Ryan was not afraid to ask the mother for help in doing homework and worked quite hard to please the mother, although inherent challenges frustrated his efforts.
High school years are generally the years people talk about when reminiscing. Many things happen in high school that are a milestone in a teenager’s life. Their first varsity basketball game, getting a class ring, and even maybe their first love. Along with their first love comes the topic, pressure, and even attraction, to sexual behavior. It is an inevitable feeling that all teenagers will feel at one point in time. With media today forcing sex in almost everything, adolescent sex is becoming a bigger problem. How it is handled on the other hand is a completely different topic. Parents are not educating their teens on sexual behavior and the consequences are not to be preferred. On the other hand, schools do not want the responsibility but are forced to take matters into their own hands by teaching abstinence only so that they are not blamed for risks of premarital sex such as AIDS, pregnancy, or STDs. Comprehension teaches kids about safe sex and the proper safety and precautions to take if sex is desired, whereas “abstinence-only programs are inaccurate, ineffective, and may even cause harm” (Advocates for Youth). Ones who believe abstinence only is the route to take must consider the ramifications of teenagers being poorly informed about sexual education.