Fermentation: Converting Carbohydrates into Alcohol

Introduction:

Chemical Process of Fermentation

When an enzyme-catalyzed process occurs in cells it is called fermentation. This happens when large organic molecules, such as glucose, decompose anaerobically. The process that causes fermentation occurs when an agent (yeast) causes an organic substance (fruit) to break up. The fermentation of wine can be seen by the foaming that occurs during the production process of the wine. Therefore, fermentation is a process that converts a carbohydrate, like sugar, into an alcohol. This process can be represented by the following formula:

Glucose Alcohol (Ethanol) + Carbon dioxide

The foaming occurs because of the evolution of carbon dioxide gas, which is brought on by yeast and other microorganisms

At this point it is important to check the clarity of the wine. This can be achieved prior to bottling by filtering the wine through various filters. The filtering process clears the wine of any particles and residue helping to improve its clarity and taste.

At the end of the wine production, the 2 variations of wines will be compared and tested to see if the wines successfully fermented. The qualities that will be assessed during a wine-tasting are: colour; clarity; bouquet and taste. The presentation of the final product will also be

Wash and peel the Marula fruit with a knife. (Any green or rotten fruit and peels must be discarded)

2. Place the peeled fruit in the sterilized container.

3. Boil 1.75 liters of filter water in the large pot and leave to cool.

4. Add sugar to the warm water, stir and leave to dissolve.

5. Add the warm sugar water to the fruit and fruit juice in the container.

6. Using the measuring cup, remove 100ml of the solution.

7. Add 2.5ml of pectazina to the bucket and seal the container.

8. Add ½ teaspoon of S02 to the bucket and leave it open for 24 hours.

9. After the 24 hours, warm up the previously removed 100ml of juice to 35 degrees.

10. Add the yeast to the 100ml, stir and leave to ferment for 30 minutes.

11. Add the mixture to the container and leave open for 24 hours.

12. Add the crushed Vitamin B tablet.

13. Make a small hole in the lid and place the flexible plastic pipe in the hole.

14. Seal around the hole with prestik.

15. Place the other end of pipe in a smaller container of water

16. The juice mixture is left to ferment for 4