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Women and marriage, related medieval literature
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In her work, Charity and Sylvia: A Same-Sex Marriage in Early America, Rachel Hope Cleves addresses the possibility that, based on their letters, poetry, and diaries, Sylvia Drake and Charity Bryant’s relationship went further than friendship and co-workers. Instead, she proposes that Charity and Sylvia might have engaged in a romantic same-sex relationship which equaled that of any other marriage in their community. Cleves argues that these women may have been in a romantic relationship by examining the language used in their letters, diaries and poems in comparison to popular poetry of the time and language used between heterosexual couples in romantic relationships. However, even Cleves admits that there are aspects to Drake and Bryant’s relationship which leave their relationship status permanently and purposely ambiguous. With some letters lost and others destroyed, there will always be questions about the exact …show more content…
Cleves’s use of sources within the biography allows her to interpret Sylvia and Charity’s relationship from both sides, one as romantic and the other as very close friendship. In this biography, Cleve analyzes Charity and Sylvia’s language in their letters, diaries, and poems in order to understand their status in their community, families, and relationship with each other as two women in a same-sex marriage. Cleve’s biography Charity and Sylvia: A Same-Sex Marriage in Early America considers the lives of Charity Bryant and Sylvia Drake as both independent women and as a possible couple. As she examines their childhood, family life, and interpersonal relationships, Cleve examines the possibility that both women were attracted to women. Through working in schools with other women who also worked to avoid marriage, Charity
In the story “Woman Hollering Creek” Sandra Cisneros covers the many challenges of being a married woman through the character Cleofilas. Cleofilas is married to a man that would not only mentally abuse her ,but physically also. Cisneros shows how double standards make it difficult for women; putting men above women. The culture has always been dominated by men.
... premarital and immoral sexual services that would be inappropriate for respectable courtships of the time. Under false names such as “Frank Rivers and Bill Easy” the young clerks experienced courtship “unburdened by… bourgeois courtship and free of the renunciations and monotony of lifelong marriage” (Cohen, 131) .The women also catered to the clerk’s feminine and domestic needs like repairing and sewing clothing “as a wife would do for a husband” (Cohen, 149).
Recently, I saw a movie about female tennis champion – Billie Jean King, and although I have never been into the feminism (neither can I say that I quite understand it), her character woke up some other kind of sensitivity in me. After this – to me significant change – I could not help myself not to notice different approaches of John Steinbeck and Kay Boyle to the similar thematic. They both deal with marital relationships and it was quite interesting to view lives of ordinary married couples through both “male” and “female eyes”. While Steinbeck opens his story describing the Salinas Valley in December metaphorically referring to the Elisa’s character, Boyle jumps directly to Mrs. Ames’s inner world. Although both writers give us pretty clear picture of their characters, Boyle does it with more emotions aiming our feelings immediately, unlike Steinbeck who leaves us more space to think about Elisa Allen.
Thomas B. Stoddard’s “Gay Marriages: Make Them Legal” is a successfully written argument with some minor flaws in technique. Stoddard uses this article to present his major claim, or central thesis, on the reasons gay marriage should be legalized. He presents his argument using minor claims. In a lecture on February 2, 2005, James McFadden stated a minor claim is the secondary claim in an argument. Stoddard uses minor claims in his discussion of homosexual people being denied their rights by the government and by others who discriminate against them. He also discusses how love and the desire for commitment play a big part in the argument for and against gay marriage.
Women during this Jazz era were freer about their sexuality, but due to this freeness, an article called “Negro Womanhood’s Greatest Need” criticized the sexuality of Black women. In this article, the writers criticized Black women of the Jazz era; one part stated “.“speed and disgust” of the Jazz Age which created women “less discreet and less cautious than their sisters in the years gone by”. These “new” women, she continued, rebelling against the laws of God and man” (p.368). Women expressing their sexuality is not only an act against God, but also against men. In Toni Morrison’s “Recitatif” Twyla’s mother Marry had no problem expressing her sexuality because she was a stripper, who danced all night, she wore a fur jack and green slacks to a chapel to meet her daughter Twyla.
In Nella Larsen’s Passing, Irene Redfield and Clare Kendry show us a great deal about race and sexuality in the 1920s. Both are extremely light-skinned women of African-American descent. However similar they appear to be, their views on race, a very controversial issue at the time, differ significantly. Clare chooses to use her physical appearance as an advantage in America’s racist and sexist society, leaving behind everything that connects her to her African-American identity. She presents herself as an object of sexual desire, flaunting herself to gain attention. Irene is practically the opposite, deciding that she wants to remain with the label of being black. She is subtle with her sexuality, never attempting to use her beauty to gain advantages. Linking these two women is a strange relationship, in which Clare and Irene both view each other in a sexually desirable way. Nevertheless, even with that desire for Clare, Irene obviously holds some contempt for her through jealousy, to the extent of wishing that she were dead. This jealousy is also based on social status. Irene is jealous of Clare’s ability to succeed, even though she may not know it. The root of Irene’s jealousy of Clare is in these three ideas of race, sexuality, and class, making Irene despise someone who she obviously also loves.
Cooper, Margaret. “Chapter 25” What is It Like to Be A Rural Lesbian. 168-172. Print.
With women going into work at the end of World War II, and some women going to school and that had little to do with finding a husband, the increase of feminist efforts to help women find equality in the workplace and education also increased. During the 1950s, women who enrolled in higher education did it so improve their domestic skills and to find husbands. Most women called it the "seeking an M.R.S. degree". According to the New York Times, many women who became academic
Irving Katrina. "Displacing Homosexuality: The Use of Ethnicity in Willa Cather's My Antonia." Modern Fiction Studies 36 (1990): 91-111.
However, social conditions made it less feasible for families to live this way. As the 1960s approached and consumption was in high demand, women were yet again, forced to join the work force; but only a quarter of the women joined the workforce, whereas in the 1990s about “two-thirds of women who had children were in the work force (Coontz 55). Coontz (1997) explains how by 1973, “real wages were falling for young families, and by the late 1970s, government effectiveness had decreased (Coontz 54). It was because of economic factors that the nuclear bread-winning family could only be a lifestyle a few can afford. Nonetheless, women joining the workforce created a new understanding of women-hood, changed women’s status in society, and created conflict within the household. Women did not have the time to complete all the household tasks which contributed to the increased divorce rates, but left women happier due to the fact that they had that ultimate
During the Great War and the huge amount of men that were deployed created the need to employ women in hospitals, factories, and offices. When the war ended the women would return home or do more traditional jobs such as teaching or shop work. “Also in the 1920s the number of women working raised by fifty percent.” They usually didn’t work if they were married because they were still sticking to the role of being stay at home moms while the husband worked and took care of the family financially. But among the single women there was a huge increase in employment. “Women were still not getting payed near as equally as men and were expected to quit their jobs if they married or pregnant.” Although women were still not getting payed as equally it was still a huge change for the women's
Premarital sexual relationships during the time period (1917) are extremely taboo. In the past if a young woman from a small town and a man from the city had an affair, it would end with the family of the wealthy young man paying for a place for the young women to raise the child. Wharton does not directly elude to sex between Charity and Harney but their afternoons and nights spent at the shack that they found together, we are supposed to infer that they are having a sexual relationship. Charity is becoming Harney’s love object and has no intention of marrying Charity, Grafton
Lisa Miller uses the Bible as a basis for her argument for gay marriage in her essay "Our Mutual Joy: The Religious Case for Gay Marriage". She first begins her argument by saying that neither the Old Testament nor the New Testament show model examples for marriage. Therefore, neither a homosexual or heterosexual couple would want to look to the Bible for marriage advice. Instead, the Bible should be read for its universal truths. Miller goes onto say that there is no real definition of marriage in the Bible, and the laws and guidelines in the Bible were put in place for a culture that no longer exists. If Christians no longer subscribe to animal sacrifice, then why would they condemn homosexuality? She ends by discussing the fact that Jesus ' message was one of inclusion. So, all those who claim to follow the Bible 's teachings should love others regardless of their sexual orientation.
“The fact that Carol was not in love with Howard Mitchell did not dismay her in the least.” Love is wholly unimportant to Carol, as far as choosing a husband goes. Through college lectures, blaring the materialistic expectations surrounding marriage, Carol comes to not believe in the necessity of love in a successful marriage. Marriage, to Carol, exists in environment, to the point she believes the weather might affect it. “Love required only the right conditions, like a geranium.”
There was a time when women typically maintained the home and raised children while the husbands were the sole bread-winners for the family finances. However, times have changed and so have women’s rights and expectations for divorce, education, an...