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Contribution of Catherine the Great in the modernization of Russia
Essay on catherine the great
Essay on catherine the great
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After Peter the Great’s death, Russia faced a long time period full of weak rulers who didn’t have any significant contributions to Russia (Farah). However, after 37 long years, a woman called Sophie Friederike Auguste, Catherine II or Catherine the Great, who had married the czar of Russia 17 years earlier, became the next great ruler of Russia. Catherine, a very intellectual woman, was interested in music and literature, knew German, French, and managed to learn Russian in a short period of time. This intelligent woman, as Russia’s monarch, was a big advantage for the country. During her reign, there was a lot of competition amongst Russia and other countries in Europe for territory. By overcoming a horrible marriage, being a ‘Great’ ruler, and being very intelligent, Catherine II was able to gain the respect of most other monarchs in Europe at the time.
Unlike most monarchs who got to the throne because the crown was passed down to them, Catherine II wasn’t in this position and therefore had to marry in if she wanted to rule. She was willing to do extreme things in order to get heir to the throne, even suffering through a 17 year marriage. This was one of the reasons that other monarch looked up to her, as she was willing to ruin part of her life in order to rule. However, there was also another reason why she wanted to marry and that was to be able to escape her controlling mother for a few years. But instead, she suffered through a hard time with her horrible husband, Peter III. With a childish and not serious man like Peter III, Catherine didn’t enjoy her long marriage at all. In fact, the two never had much physical contact, and therefore Catherine’s children were her lover’s. Catherine and Peter had cheated on each othe...
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... arts and literature to please her people. She was often compared to Peter the Great, as he was the one who had created the Russians, and Catherine put her heart in them. Because of all of these great things Catherine II did for her people, she was highly respected by them, and therefore was named ‘Catherine the Great’. All of her great ruling and experience made her hugely respected by other monarchs.
One of the greatest rulers in Russia’s history, Catherine II, was highly respected by other monarchs during her time period. Over the course of her 34-year long reign, she had gained this respect by her great ruling skills, overcoming her horrible marriage, and by the huge amount of intelligence this female monarch had. With her great achievements, she was not only hugely respected in her own time period, but still today she is remembered with respect and admiration.
Peter the Great, the Russian Czar, inherited his absolutist power from his brother, Ivan V. Born in aristocracy, Peter’s dad was the Czar, and later his brother, and after his brother’s death, him. He was a firm believer in the possible benefits from the control of a single leader to make decisions for the people, and he exercised this divine right to create many renouned institutions. At the beginning of Peter’s reign, Russia was in a poor condition: many rejected modernization from the Renaissance, and large spending from his brother’s reign caused economic droughts. He took advantage of his absolutist power to help ameliorate Russia’s situation and first decided to minimalize power from the other aristocrats. The subduction of the rich allowed
They still were going to have an absolute power but it was going to be in a different way. I think that Catherine was really trying to make the monarch look like a better person so that she would be well respected with certain laws or decisions that she would make. The reason behind her enlightened views may not be known, but I feel that she wanted to have more territory to rule over and knew she needed to gain support in order to take over a larger area. Overall, I think Catherine the Great was a wonderful ruler. She knew she was in charge and seemed to try to please everyone. Even though she may not have succeeded in doing that, she did come up with laws such as human torture should be abolished, no man should be looked at as guilty before he has a sentence, and the society should be a fixed order. Knowing what her role was and coming up with laws that benefited the society definitely showed that Catherine II did earn to be called “Catherine the
In conclusion, though the goals and outcomes were different in many ways, Louis XIV and Peter the Great both sought to do great things. Louis XIV died unpopular in his country, having had the spotlight on him for years in Europe. He hadn’t made the huge leaps that he had hoped as far as land goes, but he had made small gains of land, and had gained the crown for his grandson, Phillip V of Spain. He also built fortresses around the country and reshaped the French economy. Peter the Great succeeded in modernizing and westernizing Russia. By his death, Russia was considered much more of a leading state in Europe than ever before. He modernized the army, created a navy, and succeeded in centralizing the government.
Catherine was born in 1729 to a German prince and princess. She moved to Russia well before her husband’s, Peter III, reign. During the time before his reign she learned all about the Russian language and customs, even converting to Orthodoxy. Catherine started her spirited and enlightened reign in 1762. In an effort to help make a more absolute government, Catherine wished to rework Russia’s law code, which had not been changed since 1649. In July of 1767 she brought together the Legislative Commission. This was a body of elected deputies for her to consult with about her Instruction, or Nakaz. The Legislative Commission consisted of nobles, merchants and
In 1981, Isabel de Madariaga wrote the landmark book, Russia in the Age of Catherine the Great. This book was the first comprehensive study of Catherine the Great’s reign. It was a very long, thoroughly researched, very dense book about later eighteenth-century in Russia and was meant for scholars. The book I read and am reviewing, Catherine the Great: a Short History, also by de Madariaga, is more than a shortened version of her earlier work; it is a manageable, factual examination of only about 200 pages with maps, illustrations and timelines, and genealogical tables.
(weternize) Catherine the great proceeded to finish what Peter the Great started; she made sure that by the end of her reign Russia was westernized. The enlightenment period had a huge impact in her decision making, by limiting the use of torture
was backward and would need to change in order for it to remain being a
Catherine II was motivated by the ideals of enlightened absolutism because she read the works of enlightenment writers and believed that certain reforms would ensure the well-being of her subjects. Catherine’s first major reform involved Russia’s legal system, which was based on the inefficient Code of Laws. Catherine's legal reform was documented to be the ideal government for Russia. The Empress called for a progressive legal system which focused on granting equal protection under law to all persons and emphasizing prevention of criminal acts rather than the imposing of harsh punishment. Catherine also reformed domestic matters after a series of threatening events. For security reasons, she reorganized provincial administration to favor the nobility. Catherine even reformed educational facilities by increasing the number of elementary and secondary schools. She also gave attention to the arts and science, making St. Petersburg one of the most cultural place in Europe during her reign. The reforms that were influenced by enlightened absolutism were appealing to Catherine II because it would bring peace and stability to Russia and its people. This made her favorable among her people, thus making her more
Although the ‘Legend’ of the Wicked Italian Queen is limited by its personal malicious nature, it is credible in its demonstration of Catherine’s ambition f...
Peter the Great, was, as his name implies, “great”. He made many accomplishments during his lifetime including expanding Russia’s land, heightening their military, and improving the Russian’s ways of life overall. He assisted with most of the reform in Russia, helped them defeat other countries, and formulated one of the strongest armies in Europe.
Mary Tudor of England, Born on February 18, 1516, was always a precious lady.(Gairdner) According to the article “Queen Mary”: “Mary wanted to restore the catholic faith, and reunite England with Rome.” Queen Mary I was quite successful, she managed to rearrange “the royal household, and it was thought right to give Mary an establishment of her own along with a council on the borders of Whales, for the better government of the Marches.”(Gairdner) In real life Queen Mary was in fact a very kind hearted and happy lady, who in fact loved music, dancing, and gossiping with her court and followers. She often dressed in brightly colored cloths and very expensive jewelry.(Eamon) According to Amy Pollick’s article “Dispelling Myths about Queen”, “Mary did lay a solid governmental foundation.” Mary had a good head on her shoulders. She planned to further the peace and prosperity in England. (Pollick) Some of what caused her to “rebel from her father” was him depriving her of her faith, security, and happiness as a child. (Pearsall) In the book “Kings and Queens” it is stated that Mary married King Philip of Spain, but they had no children. (Pearsall) “He lived in England for only a year before returning to spain.” After that Mary began to bring back the old religion and faith of her time. Although the persecutions may have been exaggerated (Gull). From the same so...
Maria Theresa was always a generous, kind-hearted queen who always thought of her subjects needs before herself. She did not start out with much money, so she had to rely on her good judgment and self-discipline. She would often try to help the peasant class in any way possible. This also meant that the people in the wealthy class would be taxed more. She taxed the nobles more to ease the burden off of the struggling...
In conclusion, deprived and separated from royality and an illegitimate child, she transpired into a woman of great power. Queen Elizabeth managed to hold together a struggling country and became known as one of England’s most influential rulers. She reinstated its power throughout her solitary forty five year reign, and in doing so became widely respected, not only during her own lifetime but for generations to come.
Catherine’s older sister, Bonaventura, died while having a baby. After not much time of grieving, her parents tried to get Catherine to marry her older sisters widowed husband when she was at the age of sixteen. Catherine would not stand for this so she cut off her hair and fasted. She learned about fasting from her older sister because her sister's husband apparently was not that great of a husband so she would fast until he did the right thing. Catherine’s mother was not amused by this.
Elizabeth led England during it’s greatest time of influence as a nation despite the prejudices against her gender. Many people believe that her life was like a fairy tale-“Beloved by the kingdom; dressed by servants in jewels and gold, silk and velvet; pampered and treasured by kings and married to princes”, but in reality her life did not come close to being a fairy tale. Many of her subjects hater her from the moment she was born. She experienced imprisonment, her sister threatened to kill her, and she was almost forced in marriages with men she hated. Some of her friends caused uprisings in her name. Her enemies tried to assassinate her. Her father had her mother beheaded and ignored her for most of her life. Although she had many suitors, she never loved any of them. She understood the common people and eventually gained the loyalty of those who hated her. She could also be ruthless. The city gates and London Bridge held the bodies of the people that she executed during her reign.