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Essays about ima relativist extols tolerations of cultural relativism for ethics
Ethical behavior in business
Role of ethics and values in business
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In the world of non-profit organizations the fiscal year and its financial stability are just as important as its mission. One cannot exist without the other. An organization needs a mission, a set of values, and a vision the entire organization and its employees can unite behind. In large organization the leaders must determine the organization’s ethics and leadership structure to model and guide others in maintaining ethical practices.
Easter Seals was founded as the National Society for Crippled Children in 1919 and is a non-profit charitable organization (History, 2015). It services children and adults with physical and mental disabilities, special needs and recently autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Easter Seals funding is primary through
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A leader can prepare to combat destructive behaviors (Johnson, 2013) in five steps. The first step is making a zero tolerance for destructive behaviors, which include incivility, aggression, sexual harassment, and discrimination. The second step is having integrity by communicating the values and commitment to the members, leaders should model the behavior for members, create a system that supports and reinforces the commitment to ethics, and each leader continues to acquire new information on ethical standards that may change (e.g. laws, regulations, …show more content…
In business, creating a culture of ethical behavior and productivity are two of the most important elements in daily operations. There are deferring opinions on how to establish those standards. One standard is universal in which human rights are general and should apply to every human being or having a one-size fits all standard of practice (Hugh, M.C., 2002). For example, an organization could great a set of ethical standards that universal and standard to apply to its members. However, the opposing view is cultural relativism, where the view that all values are meaningful only within specific cultures (Hugh, M.C., 2002). In other words, each culture defines what is right and what is wrong. Applying this to business, an organization can create ethical standards that are specific to their service line and provide specificity to members about their services, behavior, and social
Worth, M. (2014). Nonprofit management: Principles and Practice. 3rd Ed. Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Publications, Inc.
In his “Of Headhunters and Soldiers”, Renato Rosaldo makes a vivid distinction between cultural relativism and ethical relativism from his own personal experience. According to Rosaldo, cultural relativism focuses on human differences and the acquisition and adherence to one’s culture after birth. He references Ruth Benedict and further expands on the notion that all cultures are equally valid and that patterns of life cannot be scale down into grades (excellent, good, medium, below medium). Next, Rosaldo defines ethical relativism as a subset of cultural relativism pertaining to moral aspects of various cultural practices. The adoption of ethical relativism will hinder one’s ability to critically assess right versus wrong and good versus
The nonprofit sector in America is a reflection some of the foundational values that brought our nation into existence. Fundamentals, such as the idea that people can govern themselves and the belief that people should have the opportunity to make a difference by joining a like-minded group, have made America and its nonprofit sector what it is today. The American "civil society" is one that has been produced through generations of experiments with government policy, nonprofit organizations, private partnerships, and individuals who have asserted ideas and values. The future of the nonprofit sector will continue to be experimental in many ways. However, the increase of professional studies in nonprofit management and the greater expectation of its role in society is causing executives to look to more scientific methods of management.
Over the last 20 years, there has been a significant increase in nonprofit and nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) in the United States. With the increase in organizations, also came an increase in scandals and in the 1990’s multiple nonprofit and nongovernment organizations lost the public’s trust due to misuse of funds, lavish spending, and improper advances to protected populations. These charity scandals not only hurt direct organizations’s reputation, but also led to the mistrust of nonprofit and nongovernmental organizations as a whole (Sidel, 2005). To combat these reputations, NGOs and nonprofit organizations began to self-regulate through employing morally obligated and altruistic employees, accountability practices, and lastly through the use of ethical codes. Codes of ethics can be a form of self-regulation and accountability for NGOs and nonprofits.
63). Members who have been in the organization for long time can soliciting donations from the residents and are the primary supporters. Strategies to engage staff to participate in the planning (Alford, Hauser & Huberman, 2008, pg. 2). Organizations provide online training and support to the staff but sometimes is upon the organization to develop the strategy. Similarly, funding and the participation of the board member are key to secure over 50% of their operating budget. Staff training is integral to the work of an effective non-profit organization. Because non-profits usually pay less than the corporate or governmental sectors, they must find other ways to encourage, reward, and value staff (Hauser, Huberman & Alford, 2008). Besel, Williams & Klak found that greater levels of community-based philanthropy are needed for nonprofits to financially sustain their operation in the long
Ethics in business is a highly important concept, as it can affect a company’s profits, salaries paid to employees and CEOs, and public opinion, among many other aspects of a business. Ethics can be enforced by company policies and guidelines, set a precedent when a company is faced with an important decision, and are also evolving thanks to new technology and situations that arise due to technology usage. Businesses have a duty to maintain their ethical responsibilities and also to help their employees enforce these responsibilities in and out of the workplace. However, ethics and the foundation for them are not always black and white. There are many different ethical theories, however Utilitarianism, Kant’s Deontological ethics, and Virtue ethics are three of the most well known theories in existence. Each theory is distinct in that it has a different quality used to determine ethicality and allows for a person to choose which system of ethics works best with both the situation and his or her personal ethical preferences.
All styles of leadership must include ethics that are built on a foundation of values, obligation to do good, while adhering to the healthcare organizational codes that reflects the agency’s mission. In healthcare, this means high-quality care for patients or delivery outcomes ((Levitt-Rosenthal, 2013). In evaluation of my past career roles and where I would like to go in the future, I really have not had issues that I needed to work on. However, I have left two jobs because I did not agree with a few of the company’s policies in how they operated to keep grant monies. According to Larson (2013) the top five ethical issues, in healthcare delivery today, are finding a balance between efficient and quality
In explaining Cultural Relativism, it is useful to compare and contrast it with Ethical Relativism. Cultural Relativism is a theory about morality focused on the concept that matters of custom and ethics are not universal in nature but rather are culture specific. Each culture evolves its own unique moral code, separate and apart from any other. Ethical Relativism is also a theory of morality with a view of ethics similarly engaged in understanding how morality comes to be culturally defined. However, the formulation is quite different in that from a wide range of human habits, individual opinions drive the culture toward distinguishing normal “good” habits from abnormal “bad” habits. The takeaway is that both theories share the guiding principle that morality is bounded by culture or society.
Small non-for-profit organizations seems to decrease in hard times and bring together large groups of individuals that are more stable (Impact of the Economic Downturn on Not-For-Profit Organisation Managment , 2009). Large non-for-profit organizations can change the outlook or appearance of hard times depending on the supply an organization work. Downturn in the economy is synonymous for less profit which transfer into less donations to
The important of leadership and ethics issues are two concepts that are interrelated linked with an organizational environment. Ultimately, all stakeholders of an organization want their leaders and organizations to be ethically sound. Bazerman & Tenbrunsel, (2011). Having exercise the power and influence given to leaders over their followers, ethics practice will be critical to the process of leadership. Northouse, (2013). Ciulla (2004) argued that to achieve “good leadership,” leaders must be morally sound and as such, “ethics lies at the heart of leadership studies” (p. 18). Similarly, followers expect their leaders to be honest and ethical (Northouse, 2013). Honesty
A non-profit organization is a company form with intentions other than earning a profit. Usually, non-profit organizations include hospitals, schools, churches, political organizations, public clinics, labor unions, volunteer organizations, museums, research institutes, professional associations and legal aid societies. Most non-profit organizations enjoy tax exemption from the federal government if they exist for the purpose of charity, religion, public safety, science, education, literacy, the development of sports or the prevention of cruelty to animals
In explaining Cultural Relativism, it is useful to compare and contrast it with Ethical Relativism. Cultural Relativism is a theory about morality focused on the concept that matters of custom and ethics are not universal in nature but rather are culture specific. Each culture evolves its own unique moral code, separate and apart from any other. Ethical Relativism is also a theory of morality with a view of ethics similarly engaged in understanding how morality comes to be culturally defined. However, the formulation is quite different in that from a wide range of human habits, individual opinions drive the culture toward distinguishing normal “good” habits from abnormal “bad” habits. The takeaway is that both theories share the guiding principle
Cassie Krone Dr. Gunes Ethics 8 September 2014 The readings in “The Elements of Moral Philosophy” and “Vice and Virtue in Everyday Life” make extremely strong arguments for both the ethical theories of cultural relativism and objectivism. After discussing these theories, I will show that objectivism is in fact the more defensible position between the two, and therefore should be the more widely accepted position in our society. Cultural relativism is the theory that all moral standards comes directly from the culture, traditions, and customs of each society, and that every culture has a different set of morals .
There appears to be a rift between cultural relativism and traditional ethical theories, such as duty, fairness, and altruism. This does not mean one is right and the other wrong or that one is better than the other. It simply is saying that there are different approaches and they, at time may conflict or are on opposing views. 1. What is cultural relativism, and how does the vision of ethics associated with it diverge from the traditional ethical theories?
The first strategy that I will use to develop my ethical leadership is establish a code of conduct and values within my organization. My organization’s values will consist of integrity, respect, and honesty. Behaving with integrity entails the ability to determine the ethically correct course of action in a given situation (Keating, Martin, Resick, and Dickson, 2007). My organization will conduct business with character, which will include: (1) Making