Cardiovascular System Research Paper

The human body regulates blood pressure using the cardiovascular system and central nervous system in order to maintain homeostasis through the following steps. The three components involved in the cardiovascular system include; cardiac output (CO), peripheral resistance and blood volume. Cardiac output refers to the amount of blood pumped by the heart per minute. Peripheral resistance is the resistance of the arteries to blood flow. As the arteries constrict, the resistance increases verses arteries dilating peripheral resistance decreases. Blood volume is including the total volume of blood including red and white blood cells.

In the cardiovascular system blood flow is the movement of blood through a vessel, tissue, or organ measured in terms

For example during stress the cardioacceleratory center activates the sympathetic nervous system, which increases both heart rate by acting on the SA node and stroke volume intensifies the cardiac muscle contractility. By the increase of stroke volume and heart rate causes an increase in cardiac output and mean arterial pressure. The increase of peripheral resistance involves the decrease in the diameter of blood vessels and increase of blood viscosity and blood vessel length.

There are two neural class mechanisms help regulate blood pressure in the medulla oblongata and cerebral cortex. The cardiovascular center aides’ rapid neural mechanism by managing cardiac output or by adjusting blood vessel diameter. The cardiac center stimulates cardiac output by increasing the heart rate and contractility. These nerve impulses are transmitted over the sympathetic nerves. The cardiac center inhibits cardiac output by decreasing heart rate.

Those nerve impulses ae transmitted over sympathetic vagus nerves. The vasomotor center regulates blood vessel diameter. Nerve impulses transmitted over sympathetic motor neurons called vasomotor nerves. Innervate the smooth muscles in the arterioles throughout the body

Another hormone called nitric oxide is secreted by endothelial cells causing vasodilation. Last but not least alcohol lowers blood pressure by stopping the vasomotor center resulting vasodilation. Also prevents the release of ADH resulting increase of water output which means there is a decrease in blood volume.

The effects on the medication Lasix are that it lowers blood pressure by decreasing blood volume due to the urine output. Dehydration, hypotension and electrolyte imbalance is one of the symptom causes. Hypotension can cause loss of conscious or dizziness. Along with alcohol consumption lower blood pressure even more by vasodilation. This prevents the release of ADH antidiuretic hormone, increase water output resulting lower blood pressure. The high temperature in the hot tub also decreases blood pressure enlarging blood vessels. In reverse couple should have minimize time in the hot tub by getting in and out slowly or not consuming alcohol with medication. Another option avoid alcohol and hot tub with heart problems or blood