Canada: The Quiet Revolution in Quebec
The English-French relations have not always been easy. Each is
always arguing and accusing the other of wrong doings. All this hatred
and differences started in the past, and this Quiet revolution, right
after a new Liberal government led by Jean Lesage came in 1960. Thus was
the beginning of the Quiet Revolution.
Lesage had an excellent team of cabinet ministers which included
Rene Levesque. The Liberals promised to do two things during the Quiet
Revolution; one was to improve economic and social standards for the
people of Quebec, and the other was to win greater respect and recognition
for all the French people of Canada. The Liberals started a program to
take control of hydro-electric power companies. French-Canadian engineers
from all over Canada returned to Quebec to work on the project. Slogans
during these times were "we can do it" and "masters in our own homes".
The government also started to replace programs the Church previously ran,
which included hospital insurance, pension schemes and the beginning of
Medi-Care. For these programs, the Quebec Liberals had to struggle with
Ottawa for a larger share of the tax dollars.
One of the greatest reforms was the modernization of the entire
school system. The Church used to own the schools of Quebec. Most of the
teachers were Priests, Nuns and Brothers. They provided a good education
but Quebec needed more in business and technology. Lesage wanted a
government-run school system that would provide Quebec with people in
engineering, science, business and commerce.
With the new freedom of expression, lots of books, plays and music
about French culture were all developed in Quebec. French contemporary
playwrights were very famous during that time. However, not all was going
well in Quebec. The French-English relation was going bad. Many studies
showed that French-Canadian Quebecers were earning the lowest wage in all
of the ethnic groups in Canada. Other complaints were that the top jobs
in Quebec were given to English speaking Canadians. Canada was going
through the worst crisis in its history, and unless equal partnership was
found a break-up would likely happen. Some Quebecers thought that
separation was the only solution. They thought that as long as Quebec was
associated with the rest of Canada, French-Canadians would never be
treated equal.
The FLQ (Front De Libération Du Québec) was founded in 1963.
It was a smaller, more forceful group of separatists. They were a
collection of groups of young people whose idea was to use terrorism to
They wanted the accompany to be equal and build up a social order of system. This would mean that there would be a democratic self-government. This would help so many Canadian during this time because the government didn’t see people as equals. This would be good for all Canadians during this time because everyone would be equal and not anything else.
“Just watch me.”Joseph Philippe Pierre Yves Elliott Trudeau said in 1970. He meant it as he fought to keep Quebec a part of Canada. Not only did he do that, he managed to be prime minister for 16 years, as well as being Canada’s youngest leader at the time. He brought greater civil rights to Canadians, Quebec citizens mainly. His charismatic personality matched his innovative ideas, that enhanced Canada for the better. For his entire political career, not only did Canada watch him, the whole world watched him change the country for the better. He made a radical change to Canada by championing the idea of officially implementing bilingualism. Trudeau was a trailblazer from the moment he was elected.
To answer this, one must address the severity of the crisis, as well as the degree to which the War Measures Act would alleviate the situation. This proves to be an unexpectedly difficult task, as it is impossible to accurately capture the zeitgeist of such a turbulent time period without being subject to bias. However from a purely objective standpoint, the evidence clearly identifies that there was no insurrection, nor was one likely to take place. Trudeau relied heavily on galvanizing the risk that the FLQ posed to the Canadian public. However, this came to be a detriment to his case when the supposed danger was discredited. According to most authorities, the FLQ “was a collection of scattered, radical grouplets who communicated amongst themselves with great difficulty and apprehension”(Conrad et al). It is of course, rather difficult to carry out widespread insurrection without a cohesive unit to do so. Trudeau’s speech relied heavily on the notion that the FLQ posed a greater threat than they realistically did, and by the end of the crisis it was clear that his claims were null. However, Trudeau did not operate alone in his endeavors. The crisis was rapidly escalated in scale by local and national media alike. The media “Fed the notion of a hydra head conspiracy, unknown, unknowable, but of course infinitely dangerous”, an error that almost did more to aid in the FLQ’s influence over the country, than it did to call in any sort of justifiable action (Bothwell, 447-50). This combined with rumors of Quebec dissolving their government due to the “severity” of the situation, a rumor that was initially reported to be started by Trudeau (although it was enforced by numerous parties”) in order to gain the support of the public for the actions he was preparing to take (Clement). It is generally agreed upon that War
Canada experienced the revolution of changing politics and new ideologies, it was a necessary wave
The indigenous Japanese culture, arts and literature have flourished in the Heian period of Japan. One can tell that exchanging short poems and messages between each other was the most prominent device of communication for both men and women at the time. Composing and exchanging love poems and messages were mostly us...
Malcolm X Malcolm was born on May 19, 1925 in an Omaha hospital. He was born into a world of hatred and violence toward his kind, and from he was little, he knew that he would die in a similar manner. Malcolm’s father who was a large black man was a Baptist Minister. Though he and his family on many occasions were threatened by members of the Black legion and the Ku Klux Klan, that if he did not stop starting preaching of Marcus Garvey, that they would kill him. Malcolm’s father was not a scared man, and he continued to preach. Ever since Malcolm was little, he never had much respect for the Christian religion or the followers of it. One of Malcolm’s earliest memories was an afternoon in 1921 when he had seen his mother and father fighting. In a fit of rage Earl stormed off, and was never seen alive by the members of the Little family again. Members of the Black Legion murdered him. Malcolm’s mother was a strong woman, and refused to give up her children, and though they were poor, she attempted to support the large fatherless family without the charity of others. Because a white man rapped Malcolm’s mother’s mother, Malcolm’s mother had a Very light complexion that was easily mistaken for white. Though Malcolm’s mother hated every drop of white blood in her, she was thankful that it made it that much easier to get jobs doing things Negroes normally wouldn’t be trusted to do.
Anthology of Japanese Literature. 'Ed' or 'Comp' . Donald Keene. New York: Grove Press, 1955. Print.
The Heian period(794-1185), the so-called golden age of Japanese culture, produced some of the finest works of Japanese literature.1 The most well known work from this period, the Genji Monogatari, is considered to be the “oldest novel still recognized today as a major masterpiece.”2 It can also be said that the Genji Monogatari is proof of the ingenuity of the Japanese in assimilating Chinese culture and politics. As a monogatari, a style of narrative with poems interspersed within it, the characters and settings frequently allude to Chinese poems and stories. In addition to displaying the poetic prowess that the Japanese had attained by this time period, the Genji Monogatari also demonstrates how politics and gender ideals were adopted from the Chinese.
The Tale of Murasaki, by Liza Dalby, is about Murasaki, a young woman who lived in the Heian period (794-1185) of Japan. She writes a story called The Tale of Genji, and earns so much recognition for it that she is invited to court to attend the empress. Not only was she known for her writing, but she drew attention by learning Chinese. In the story, a Chinese education is essential for a man hoping to be a high-ranked member of society. Because the Japanese considered Chinese culture as superior, waka, a popular form of Japanese poetry, carries less cultural value in the novel. Therefore, both high-class women and men have to learn about wakas and use them daily. A woman who can compose good wakas and is beautiful would have the best chances of going to court, which is the best way to guarantee a comfortable life. Liza Dalby’s The Tale of Murasaki accurately portrays the abilities of each sex, the importance of Chinese learning, and the role of Japanese poetry in the Heian period of Japan.
The Tale of Heike." Traditional Japanese Literature: An Anthology, Beginnings to 1600. Ed. Haruo Shirane. New York: Columbia UP, 2007. 736-39. Print.
The Seven Years' War was a war that took place between 1754 and 1763 with the main conflict being in the seven-year period 1756–1763. It involved most of the great powers of the time and affected Europe, North America, Central America, the West African coast, India, and the Philippines. In the historiography of some countries, the war is alternatively named after combatants in the respective theatres: the French and Indian War as it is known in the United States or the War of the Conquest as it is known in French-speaking Canada, while it is called the Seven Years' War in English-speaking Canada (North America, 1754–63); Pomeranian War (with Sweden and Prussia, 1757–62); Third Carnatic War (on the Indian subcontinent, 1757–63); and Third Silesian
...d and oxford. He started to criticize the mainstream civil rights movement; he challenged Martin Luther King jr’s nonviolence and civil disobedience. Malcolm X started to propose that more was at risk than voting and restaurants (Carson, Clayborne). Malcolm x advised his followers to defend themselves “by any means necessary.”(Lawrence A., Mamiya). Malcolm X encouraged everyone to stop using terms like “nigger” and “colored” to instead use “black” or “African American” (Lewis, Thomas Tandy).
Matthew Gerber. “The Importance of Poetry in Japanese Heian-era Romantic Relationships”. 2007 May. 2011 June 3.
Shirane Haruo. et al. Early Modern Japanese Literature: An Anthology 1600-1900. New York: Colombia University Press, 2002. Print.
The Japanese medieval age consists of the Kamakura and Muromachi periods (from approximately 1185 to 1600). During this time, the political power was switching from the imperial family to a militaristic government. In addition, civil wars (from 1156 to 1568) were increasing throughout Japan. This change of centrality in society’s focus from court to warriors shifted the perception and style of Japanese literature.