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The lion the witch and the wardrobe overview
The lion the witch and the wardrobe overview
The lion the witch and the wardrobe overview
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Humanity is a cluster of infinite ideas, backgrounds, personalities and behaviors. From the first inhabitants of this earth to the modern day individual, humans are born with a basic understanding of the people they will become and the personalities they will grow into. There are infinite explanations to as to why individuals behave in certain ways, whether good or evil, but these may only be discerned with an extensive analysis on the ideas behind nature versus nurture. C.S Lewis is arguably one of the most intuitive and imaginative authors of his time provided an extensive approach through his poetry and novels on why humans, or supernatural beings, are good or evil and how these behaviors present themselves. Through a writing career that …show more content…
In The Lion, the Witch and the Wardrobe, the reader is introduced to the Pevensie children, four young, impressionable and curious children, sent to live in the country with their uncle as the war rages on in London. The youngest of the children, Lucy, first discovers the famed wardrobe that transports her to the magical land of Narnia, a cold and desolate place that is filled with more mythical creatures then she can describe. Lucy, while young and naive, follows her instinct and, rather than deny her story of the journey into the magical land ruled by an evil queen, she fights to be believed and achieve her main goal, bringing peace to a world she has yet to uncover fully. Edmund Pevensie, the second youngest of the children, is likely not as honest and pure-hearted as Lucy, and instead falls into a trap set by the evil White witch in which he is coerced into delivering his siblings to her in exchange of the promise of the throne and his treasured Turkish Delights. Although each child is led by their personal choice, the reader is invited to analyze the behavior that led each child to their view on Narnia. Lucy follows her instinct and chooses to attempt an almost-impossible quest of bringing good to the cold, plain and evil world she discovers, while her brother, Edmund, allows himself to fall into lies, betrayal and evil, all learned behaviors that the reader quickly connect to his abrupt meeting and coercion from the evil queen. Lewis presents the idea that instinct, while not always immediately correct, is consistently formulated by good intentions, while learned behavior provides the opportunity to fall into deception, treachery and, most unwelcome, evil. “She is a perfectly terrible person, said Lucy, She calls herself the Queen of Narnia though she has no right to be queen at all, and the Dryands and Naiads and
Mankind is innately evil. The allegorical novel, The Lord of the Flies, allows for little interpretation about human nature. William Golding depicts the idea, “evil is an inborn trait of man” (Golding). Throughout the novel the children who have crash landed on the island begin to uncover their savage nature. Although all of the children somehow succumb to a heinous behaviour, Jack, Ralph, and Roger become most noticeably corrupt. Ultimately, it becomes clear that malicious intent is intrinsic in mankind.
Charles Darwin, the famous evolutionist, once wrote: "In the struggle for survival, the fittest win out at the expense of their rivals because they succeed in adapting themselves best to their environment.” It was this message that Elie Wiesel learned during his captivity in World War II and incorporated into his novel, ‘Night’. It was also this message that William Golding tried to express through the scenario of his magnum opus, ‘Lord of the Flies’. Though, in both their novels, there was another message, an idea first realized by the great psychologist and philosopher Sigmund Freud. The idea was that when man is taken away from civilization, his instincts (the id) will overpower his conscience (super-ego) and man will return to their original, primitive style of thinking. In common society, there is a word to describe the acts and feelings of a man in his primitive state, a word that takes on many different meanings depending on one’s belief, this word is evil. Both lord of the flies and Night portrays the nature of evil as something that naturally exists in the human soul which is only prevented from release by the chains of civilization. Though, once the structure of civilization is removed from the lives of men; ‘evil’ is unleashed and humans would return to their natural thinking process of the survival of the fittest. By analyzing the main characters in both novels and their experiences throughout the novels, it is proven that evil in its nature is nothing more than the acts and desires of a man in his primitive state of thinking.
Graham Greene, a Canadian actor, once said, “Human nature is not black and white but black and grey.” Carver brings this quote into light, when he describes the outcome of an argument that a couple has. Carver, the author of “Popular Mechanics,” uses imagery, symbolism, and voice to convey that humanity is inherently bad, violent, evil and in times of darkness. One can easily destroy ones own beautiful creations, but in all it’s just a part of human nature.
It is the contention of this paper that humans are born neutral, and if we are raised to be good, we will mature into good human beings. Once the element of evil is introduced into our minds, through socialization and the media, we then have the potential to do bad things. As a person grows up, they are ideally taught to be good and to do good things, but it is possible that the concept of evil can be presented to us. When this happens, we subconsciously choose whether or not to accept this evil. This is where the theories of Thomas Hobbes and John Locke become interesting as both men differed in the way they believed human nature to be.
...c child who is an innocent and has no place in the world of the wicked. His troubled self’s resolution comes at the end after Edmund has spoken to Aslan, the true ruler and god of Narnia. Both Edmunds own initiative and, less directly, religion lead Edmund back to before he was spoiled by the school he went to and the enchantment of the witch’s candy. Lewis therefore is following the Romantic tradition of innocence as a part of childhood since it was not Edmund’s fault he performed the incorrect behavior and was drawn to the side of evil.
The question “What makes us who we are?” has perplexed many scholars, scientists, and theorists over the years. This is a question that we still may have not found an answer to. There are theories that people are born “good”, “evil”, and as “blank slates”, but it is hard to prove any of these theories consistently. There have been countless cases of people who have grown up in “good” homes with loving parents, yet their destiny was to inflict destruction on others. On the other hand, there have been just as many cases of people who grew up on the streets without the guidance of a parental figure, but they chose to make a bad situation into a good one by growing up to do something worthwhile for mankind. For this reason, it is nearly impossible to determine what makes a human being choose the way he/she behaves. Mary Shelley (1797-1851) published a novel in 1818 to voice her opinions about determining personality and the consequences and repercussions of alienation. Shelley uses the ideas of Jean-Jacques Rousseau to make her point. Rousseau proposed the idea that man is essentially "good" in the beginning of life, but civilization and education can corrupt and warp a human mind and soul. In Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein; or, The Modern Prometheus (hereafter referred to as Frankenstein), Victor Frankenstein’s creature with human characteristics shows us that people are born with loving, caring, and moral feelings, but the creature demonstrates how the influence of society can change one’s outlook of others and life itself by his reactions to adversity at “birth”, and his actions after being alienated and rejected by humans several times.
“In the long run, we shape our lives, and we shape ourselves. The process never ends until we die. And the choices we make are ultimately our own responsibility.” (Eleanor Roosevelt). This is just one of the infinite examples of how human nature has been explored by so many different people. Each and every human is born with the capability of making their own choices. The decisions that they will make in the future will determine how evil they are viewed by others. Although one’s nature and nurture do affect their life, it is their own free will that determines whether or not they are evil.
The cruel nature and intentions of people can either hurt or harm individuals or it can bring about resilience and determination. In the novel To Kill a Mockingbird, Harper Lee revealed that humans often have other motives in life; some are born to be evil in nature, some are naturally innocent and then there are some that are born to protect the innocent. Lee utilized a variety of symbols and themes that correlated with each other and thus had the ability to create questions in the minds of the readers. Are humans calculatedly cruel or is there some moral good in each of us? The impiety of a few can create a movement, imprison the innocent or reveal the sincerity of others.
Fiction has always been used as a way to relay different types of messages throughout time. In many cases authors use fiction to make political commentary, use stories to bring out the major flaws that society has, as well as a way to spread different types of beliefs or ideals. C.S. Lewis’s used his work, “The Chronicles of Narnia”, to reiterate the messages of the Bible to those who might have gotten lost during their lifetime. Though his whole series was full of connections the book that have the most prevalent connections are The Magician’s Nephew and The Lion, the Witch and the Wardrobe. In both there are places that are very similar to and very different books in the Bible. Taking into context when Lewis wrote this series is extremely important to see what some of his motivations might have been. These stories were started soon after World War II had ended. These stories were a way to teach the next generation some of the morals that the Bible was teaching. By creating these fantastical stories Lewis was able to make connections to help bridge the learning gap between the two generations. Also by using children as a target audience Lewis was able to remind adults as well, instead of being ignored because of the recent war. Lewis was able to address these lessons and morals in a way that both taught the children the way of the Bible, as well as to put a new spin on old tales so that adults were able to come back to religion, after losing some faith during the brutal war.
Phillip Pullman, a British author, once wrote, “I stopped believing there was a power of good and a power of evil that were outside us. And I came to believe that good and evil are names for what people do, not for what they are”(goodreads.com). Pullman’s quotation on the actions of man being the source of good and evil closely relate to morality, principles regarding the distinction of right and wrong or a person’s values. The question of what human morality truly is has been pondered by philosophers, common folk, and writers for thousands of years. However, sometimes a person’s ethics are unclear; he or she are not wholly good or bad but, rather, morally ambiguous.
In viewing 12 Angry Men, we see face to face exactly what man really is capable of being. We see different views, different opinions of men such as altruism, egoism, good and evil. It is no doubt that human beings possess either one or any of these characteristics, which make them unique. It is safe to say that our actions, beliefs, and choices separate us from animals and non-livings. The 20th century English philosopher, Martin Hollis, once said, “Free will – the ability to make decisions about how to act – is what distinguishes people from non-human animals and machines 1”. He went to describe human beings as “self conscious, rational, creative. We can fall in love, write sonnets or plan for tomorrow. We are capable of faith, hope and charity, and for that matter, of envy, hated and malice. We know truth from error, right from wrong 2.” Human nature by definition is “Characteristics or qualities that make human beings different from anything else”. With this said, the topic of human nature has been around for a very long time, it is a complex subject with no right or wrong answer. An American rabbi, Samuel Umen, gave examples of contradictions of human nature in his book, Images of Man. “He is compassionate, generous, loving and forgiving, but also cruel, vengeful, selfish and vindictive 3”. Existentialism by definition is, “The belief that existence comes before essence, that is, that who you are is only determined by you yourself, and not merely an accident of birth”. A French philosopher, Jean-Paul Sartre, is the most famous and influential 20th - century existentialist. He summed up human nature as “existence precedes essence”. In his book, Existentialism and Human Emotions, he explained what he meant by this. “It means that, first of all, man exists, turns up, appears on the scene, and, only afterwards, defines himself. If man, as the existentialist conceives him, is indefinable, it is because at first he is nothing. Only afterward will be something, and he himself will have made what he will be 4”. After watching 12 Angry Men, the prominent view on human nature that is best portrayed in the movie is that people are free to be whatever they want because as Sartre said, “people create themselves every moment of everyday according to the choices they make 5”.
Human nature is the most debated topic to date. Many people think that mankind is programmed to be evil; on the other hand people argue that it is naturally good. Nathaniel Hawthorne gave his argument with the novel, The Scarlet Letter. The Scarlet Letter showed that mankind is innately good by Chillingworth’s measures, Hester’s capitulates and Dimmesdale’s noble qualities.
Hell From chapter eight in the Problem of Evil, Lewis discusses how hell is a doctrine that he would rather take out of Christianity than leave in, but when rebellious souls do not decide to surrender, Lewis contends that hell is a viable solution (Lewis, p. 119, 120). In my opinion, hell is controversial to people, because to them it does not seem to be a fair punishment for the seemingly small sins humans commit. Thus, no one thinks or believes that they are going, or should go to hell. Therefore, if no one determines that they deserve, or are going to hell, no person would want to talk about the fact that there is a chance they are going to hell without surrendering to God.
Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde is a novel about a man named Henry Jekyll who
Finally I am able to describe my opinion in the situation, if whether or not society is becoming too dependent on technology. I believe that most of the times technology is helpful in carrying on everyday life, but at times technology isn’t really needed. Technology is used a lot to communicate, but some families don’t even spend time together and later just fall apart. To me medical technology is a very important factor to account for in this situation. Because it can either kill someone or save them. Education has also been brought up into this argument for helping students and affecting students. Family separation, medical advances, and education play a major rule in my decision toward this topic. Technology is a helpful tool for many people while to others it is just a distraction. Technology will never stop being developed but some of the thing being created and how they are used are really not the nessessary