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Post-independence Algerian economy (1962-1979)
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Although many citizens and political parties were against the idea of Bouteflika seeking a fourth presidential term, many Algerians still had faith in Bouteflika due to his two decades of political rule and his careful management, coercion, and balancing of Algeria’s domestic political competitors and saw him as the father of national reconciliation and continued to vote him for the fourth term. Although Bouteflika won the fourth presidential term, he is up against a battle to keep Algeria’s citizens on his side and keeping the ailing country out of economic difficulties they are currently experiencing due to the slowing economic growth of the European Union, where many of the citizens are still concerned that Bouteflika may not be able to …show more content…
This past election brought a wave of tension across Algeria due to the fact that there were high numbers of “voting” in favor of Bouteflika, but opposing political parties show evidence of the voting system being rigged in favor of Bouteflika winning another presidential term. Another policy that the government has promised to bring the country to a more consolidated form of government was the changes made in the new constitution, but rather “the new constitution will not fundamentally alter the balance of power” like they had promised to do. Without a change of the balance of power, Algeria will remain the same making no strides to improvements of their economy. This issue plays hand in hand with another issue that is on the rise due to Algeria not making serious strides to changing the polices that they have promised, The president still remains extremely powerful and still concentrates all the power in his hands. This does not balance out the power like seen in a democracy using the United States as an
In 1962 France met with the FLN and they all agreed that Algeria should decide their own rights. Although, Algeria’s formal independence day is recognized as 5 July 1962. When the French left Algeria did not have a leader, so they appointed Ahmed Ben Bella who became the republic's first president in 1963. Algerian government then took over businesses, farms, and banks. Ahmed Ben Bella then personally controlled the army and the government. Bella was overthrown shortly after he aligned Algeria with the soviet union. They replaced him with Houard Bournediene who focused on reforming Algeria by hiring skilled workers and restarting the economy (golbalEDGE), (The World
Karla Homolka is a prime example of a person who has committed a violent crime. The story of who Karla Homolka is and what she had done is very well known, not just in Canada but all over North America. After hearing the story of what her and Paul Bernardo did many people would wonder why, why and how could two people commit such violent acts. There are many theories that criminologists could use to try and explain the reasoning behind the actions of Karla Homolka, one would like to believe that there are reasons and not just that she was an evil person.
The Niitsitapi (also called Blackfoot Indians), reside in the Great Plains of Montana as well as Alberta and Saskatchewan located in Canada. Only one of the Niitsitapi tribes are named Siksika, also known as Blackfoot.
For several months, France was at peace. The insurrection began on 1 November 1954. The insurrection precipitated the fall of the Fourth Republic. Charles de Gaulle, hero of the Second World War, became President of France in 1958, and was intent on securing a political solution to the insurrection, rather than one based on force. His efforts were largely successful in avoiding a civil war in France, and ending the insurgency - although it took four years to do so. It has been estimated that more than a million Algerians died in the insurrection.2
Determination and bravery drives people to undertake missions. People undertake missions to accomplish goals like freedom, or to get rich, or to stand up to bad people.
Lutsky, Vladimir. "CHAPTER XIII THE FRENCH CONQUEST OF ALGERIA AND THE LIBERATION WAR OF THE ALGERIAN PEOPLE UNDER THE LEADERSHIP OF ABD EL-KADER." marxist.org. N.p., n.d. Web. 17 Nov 2013. .
Early 2011 uprisings swept across the Middle East and North Africa, and many rebellions are still going on today. The Arab region has seen revolts and conflict since the 1800‘s, but only recently have these revolts been redirected to the problems of Arab society (Ghannam, J. 2011 pg 4-5)The Arab Spring Uprising was first sparked in Tunisia and eventually struck Algeria, Jordan, Egypt, Yemen and then spread to other countries. Citizens throughout these countries were dissatisfied with the rule of their local governments. Issues like human rights violations, political corruption, economic decline, unemployment, extreme poverty, dictators...
In Tunisia, young people have taken control of a country that has been under the control of Zine El Abidine Ben Ali for the last 20 years. Tunisians could not get jobs without being extorted by local officials. They could not buy a house without bribing an official. Any activity involving government often required money to push the paperwork through. Tunisians who received coll...
The basis of a democracy is that the people voice their opinion on how the country should be run, and to make sure that those voices are heard. When Tunisia guaranteed their citizens the right to vote for the leader of their country they got one step closer to becoming a fairer democracy. Elections already existed in Tunisia but they were not guaranteed to be “fair” because of the corrupt government. Free and fair elections are one of the main premises of a democracy and in securing that right in their constitution Tunisia is bettering their standing as a country on the verge of a proper democracy. Among those two fundamental rights to a strong democracy, the constitution also guarantees many other important rights such as: right to privacy, freedom of expression, access to information, and laws that make the government accountable for their actions (Constitution of the Tunisian Republic, 2014). Tunisia was a country that was crippled by corruption that was rooted in their political system and it’s members. Once the corrupt government was overthrown they made the necessary changes to ensure that the same problem will not happen in the future. The steps forward that Tunisia has made with the revision of their constitution is truly the makings of a proper democratic state. Although some of their rights are vague or promise to monitor and revise the right in the
In those countries that have not experienced government upheaval, a common outcome of the Arab Spring has been sustained civil unrest, political instability, and the extension of political and economic concessions by leaders seeking to appease protesters. Many questions could arise as one contemplated those events. One of these questions would be: Why has the Arab Spring produced different results across the Middle East? This paper is a humble attempt to suggest some answers to this sort of these logical questions.
As the Arab Spring enters its second year, major uprisings and revolts have occurred all over the Middle East, pushing for an end to the corrupt autocratic rule and an expansion of civil liberties and political rights. Most recently, images from Syria have emerged, depicting the government’s use of force to suppress the voice of its people. One might ask, “Is this the beginning of a revolution? Is the country on the path to democracy?” To assess this question and examine the future trends in the region, one must look back on the country’s somewhat tumultuous history, the relationship between the citizens and the state, and the political economy.
Gursky traveled all across the world taking iconic photos in cities such as Tokyo, Cairo, Hong Kong, Los Angeles and many more. He did not do studio work or self-portraits; he strayed from portraits all together for the most part. He relied heavily on a tripod for his great detail. To achieve some of the unique perspectives, Gursky would sometimes use helicopters or cranes to allow him to shoot way above a scene.
Political uprisings in the Middle East, especially in Muslim nation states have placed Arabian politics back on the focus point of international politics. Political events in certain Arab countries had an excessive impact on the political development of other neighboring states. Resistances and anxieties within different Arab countries triggered unpredictable actions, sometimes sorely to observe and believe. The authoritarian governments of Arabian countries led from various dictators have created a precarious situation for their people, especially in providing national security and maintaining peace in the region. Jack Goldstone argues that the degree of a sultan’s weakness has been often only visible in retrospect; due in part to the nature of the military-security complex common across Middle East states (Goldstone 1). In addition, the existence of various statesmen with political affiliation is concerned in faithfulness of its armed forces. Usually, the armed national forces of several states, mainly those in Arab countries are loyal and closely affiliated to their leaders, which have a major role in state regimes. Arab uprisings in their early spreading appeared legally responsible and with concrete demands from representatives’ peoples, calling for a more open democratic system and reasonable governance. Even though, the system in which popular frustration with government imposes alters considerably from one state to another. These public revolts against different authoritative governments didn’t halt just in Arab states, but they sustained also in the Far East and in the Eastern Europe. Can we say that the popular uprisings in Arab countries could be attributed to the term of globalization? In fact, globalization is a multi...
Drenched in history from World War Two, the capital city of Poland, Warsaw, is the place to see a combination of a modern society and cultural with past historical building and culture. Having a strong historical background and culture, Warsaw has boomed economically from tourism. This paper will discuss the following question: How does Warsaw use it’s bold history and culture to benefit and develop its economy?
Nigeria’s government has recently gone under a dramatic change. For my paper I decided to write on the topic of Nigerian government. When I interviewed a student, named Arit, from Nigeria, she told me how her country was formerly under military rule and had recently changed to a democratically elected government. Arit believes this is a good change for the country and it will help fix the destruction military rule left behind and pull Nigeria out of the dark.