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Borderline personality disorder review of the literature
Borderline personality disorder review of the literature
Case study of borderline personality disorder
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The memoir The Buddha and the Borderline tells the story of Kiera Van Gelder’s courageous journey receiving treatment for borderline personality disorder (BPD). BPD is a personality disorder defined by the fourth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV-TR) as “a pervasive pattern of instability of interpersonal relationships, self-image, affects, and marked impulsivity” (American Psychiatric Association, 2000). BPD is a personality disorder and thus cannot be diagnosed until after the age of 18 when using the DSM-IV-TR’s diagnostic criteria. This does not imply, however, that BPD is an illness that restricts itself to adulthood; although the age of onset varies from individual to individual, BPD-like symptoms or features are usually evident in adolescence and sometimes even observed in childhood. In her memoir, Gelder states that she was diagnosed with BPD at 30 years of age but she later goes on to describe the symptoms of mental illness she experienced her entire life, including symptoms of depression and anxiety, mood swings, self-injurious behavior, suicide attempts, extreme self-image issues, binge eating and purging, and drug abuse (Gelder, 2010). Perhaps one of the most puzzling facets of BPD, as in other mental disorders, is where and how it originates. One of the most common myths about BPD is that all of its sufferers are victims of abuse. While this is false, it is true that individuals with BPD are more likely to report experiencing traumatic events during childhood, the most common being physical and sexual abuse and seeing domestic violence (Herman, Perry & Van der Kolk, 1989). Gelder describes her own history of trauma toward the end of the memoir, in which she was manipulated in... ... middle of paper ... ...1(8), 411-416. Mash, E. J., & Wolfe, D. A. (2013). Abnormal child psychology. (5 ed.). Belmont: Wadsworth Cengage Learning. Selby, E. A., Braithwaite, S. R., Joiner Jr., T. E., & Fincham, F. D. (2008). Features of borderline personality disorder, perceived childhood emotional invalidation, and dysfunction within current romantic relationships. Journal of Family Psychology,22(6), 885-893. Van Gelder, K. (2010). The buddha and the borderline. Oakland: New Harbinger Publications. Wupperman, P., Fickling, M., Klemanski, D. H., Berking, M., & Whitman, J. B. (2013). Borderline personality features and harmful dysregulated behavior: The mediational effect of mindfulness. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 69(9), 903-911. Zanarini, M. C., & Frankenburg, F. R. (1997). Pathways to the development of borderline personality disorder.Journal of Personality Disorders, 11(1), 93-104.
Denise Gilmartin, a 26 year old female, exhibits behaviors which meet criteria for Borderline Personality Disorder. Denise exhibits unstable intense interpersonal relationships characterized by idealization and devaluation (Criterion 2). She has a history of brief tumultuous relationships and friendships. They start of with quick intense attachments and are described by Denise as “wonderful” and “incredibly special” (idealization); however, these feelings quickly devolve into “contempt” and “loathing” (devaluation). Additionally, Denise displays an unstable sense of self (Criterion 3). Her unsteady employment history is partially explained by dramatic shifts in interests. She switched from marketing to legal work to waitressing. It is also important to note that interpersonal issues underly most of her
People with Borderline Personality Disorder tend to view the world as simple as possible. People who view the world like this, confuse the actions of others. (Hoermann et al, 2005) Recurrent thoughts about their relationships with others, lead them to experience extreme emotional reactions, great agony which they have a hard time controlling, which would result in engaging in self-destructive behaviors. Diagnosing a patient with this disorder can be challenging which is why is it is labeled as one of the difficult ones to diagnose. (Hoermann et al, 2005)
References American Psychological Association. (2001) Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association (5th ed). Washington, DC: McLaughlin & Reinking. A Child Called It. (1995)
Diana Miller, 25 was diagnosed with major depressive disorder and borderline personality disorder after being rushed to the hospital following another suicide attempt . Her symptoms and background are outlined in her vignette and will be examined in detail throughout the paper. The purpose of this essay will be to explore the possible additional diagnoses for Diana’s behaviour as well as look deeper into the feasible explanations of how and why her behaviour turned abnormal. Therefore through analyzing the diagnostic features, influence of culture, gender, and environment, in addition to outlining paradigm explanations and possible treatment methods, one can better understand Diana Miller’s diagnoses.
Selby, E. A., & Joiner Jr, T. E. (2008). Ethnic variations in the structure of borderline personality
This paper looks at a person that exhibits the symptoms of Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD). In the paper, examples are given of symptoms that the person exhibits. These symptoms are then evaluated using the DSM-V criteria for BPD. The six-different psychological theoretical models are discussed, and it is shown how these models have been used to explain the symptoms of BPD. Assessment of
In order for someone to be diagnosed with Borderline Personality Disorder, they must experience at least five of the following symptoms: 1) fear of abandonment, 2) a history of intense and unstable relationships with family, friends, and loved ones, which often go back and forth between idealization (which includes love and extreme closeness) to devaluation (which includes extreme hatred or anger), 3) a disto...
In the past, BPD was believed to be a set of symptoms between problems associated with mood and schizophrenia. These symptoms were believed to be comprised of distortions of reality and mood problems. A closer look at this disorder has resulted in the realization that even though the symptoms of this disorder reveal emotional complexity, this disorder is more closer to other personality disorders, on the basis of the manner in which it develops and occurs in families, than to schizophrenia (Hoffman, Fruzzetti, Buteau &ump; Neiditch, 2005). The use of the term borderline has however, resulted in a heated controversy between the health care fraternity and patients. Patients argue that this term appears to be somehow discriminatory and that it should be removed and the disorder renamed. Patients point out that an alternative name, such as emotionally unstable personality disorder, should be adopted instead of borderline personality disorder. Clinicians, on the other hand, argue that there is nothing wrong with the use of the term borderline. Opponents of this term argue that the terms used to describe persons suffering from this disorder, such as demanding, treatment resistant, and difficult among others, are discriminatory. These terms may create a negative feeling of health professionals towards patients, an aspect that may lead to adoption of negative responses that may trigger self-destructive behavior (Giesen-Bloo et al, 2006). The fact however, is that the term borderline has been misunderstood and misused so much that any attempt to redefine it is pointless leaving scrapping the term as the only option.
Some of the key components of BPD include self-harm, or suicidal thoughts and actions, dichotomous thinking, and low emotional granularity. People that present with reoccurring suicidal thoughts and actions, combined with a fear of abandonment, are commonly diagnosed with BPD. These two characteristics make BPD easily recognizable, but this diagnoses is often not used. The emotional volatility, recurrent crises, and self-injurious behaviors of those with BPD are often seen as willfully manipulative episodes, and not a sign of illness. (Gunderson, 2011) Yet, it is important to take these thoughts and actions seriously, as one never knows when someone may actually decide to end their life.
The term borderline personality disorder (BPD) was termed by Adolph Stern in the 1930s to describe a group of people on a “borderline” between neurosis and psychosis (SITE). Today, BPD is described by the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders as “a pervasive patt...
non-integration between states of mind, a loss of differentiating, and emotional dis-regulation. People with Borderline Personality Disorder have states of mind that are chaotic, disregulated, and non-integrated. Transitions between these states of mind are rapid, and dramatic (Davidon et al., 2007). These effect other aspects of people’s lives.
Soloff, P., Nutche, J., Goradia, D., & Diwadkar, V. (2008). Structural brain abnormalities in borderline personality disorder: A voxel-based morphometry study. Psychiatry Res, 164 (3), 223–236. doi:10.1016/j.pscychresns.2008.02.003.
Adolescence: a transition from children to adults, a time that we learn about ourselves, develop a sense of self and gain control of our emotions. However, individuals that are not able to associate with their feelings and build their self-esteem can be diagnosed with Borderline Personality Disorder. Borderline Personality Disorder is a mental illness that can be found in a number of adolescents and they are more likely to suffer from unstable identity, instability of emotions and fear of abandonment than adolescents without BPD. Also, it affects other aspect of individual 's life such as relationships with others, and decision making because of their impulsiveness and instability. However, BPD is a treatable psychological disorder, through
Borderline Personality Disorder is a mental disorder in which individuals struggle with intense emotions, reckless behavior, unhealthy relationships, and unrealistic self-image issues. In diagnosing someone with Borderline Personality Disorder, one would look to identify self-damaging impulsive behaviors such as substance abuse, stealing, spending, excessive gambling, reckless driving, binging and purging, as well as “recurrent suicidal behavior, gestures, or threats, or self-mutilation.” (Sutton, 2005, p. 350) Not all people that have Borderline Personality Disorder self-mutilate, and not all people that self-mutilate have Borderline Personality Disorder. People dealing with the powerful emotions, associated with those with Borderline Personality Disorder, are flooded with intense feelings and have no coping methods to release them. In addition to that, people with Borderline Personality Disorder often times get themselves into unhealthy relationships. Unhealthy relationships can lead to an unhealthy living environment. As discussed in section two, an unhealthy living environment can lead to an individual injuring themselves in order to feel as though they have some control over things in their
Wood, A. E., Wood, E. G., & Boyd, D. (2007). Child development: The world of psychology.