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Examination on new testament
Importance of understanding the books of the New Testament
Reflection about the New Testament
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Book Report
The book entitled Canon Revisited: Establishing the Origins and Authority of the New Testament Books written by Michael J. Kruger explains the canonical model by which the books of the New Testament were selected as the right word of God. The correctness of the canon has always troubled Christians; they have always wanted to know that the twenty-seven books of the New Testament are the rights ones. In his book, Kruger answers many typical questions asked by people in relation to the New Testament, its structure and its authenticity as God’s word. For example, he shows what all of the selected books have in common and why any of the existing apocryphal books is not in the Bible. The book Canon Revisited is for Christians who want to know what the canon is, what defines the canon, how its model is applicable to the New Testament books and in what way believers can be sure that the New Testament books are inspired by God Himself and are not the product of the human mind.
In the first part of his book, Michael J. Kruger offers the grounds on which the canon was established. He explains the historical determinants of the canon, giving various explanations of the factors, which influenced people’s understanding of what had to be accepted as canonical and what needed to be excluded from the canonical model. Kruger particularly mentions the fact that the Roman Catholic Church has its own understanding of the authority of the canon and says that the Bible is not the only authority to the Roman Catholic Church, since its main authority is “the pope and his bishops”. He explains that traditions are also extremely important to the Catholics and that they are an indispensable part of their canonical model, which is constructed ...
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...’s entire explanation of the nature of the canon is the combination of all the existing statements on the matter and his own ideas about the canon rather than the statements from the Bible.
Consequently, the book Canon Revisited: Establishing the Origins and Authority of the New Testament Books is an extremely enlightening source of information related to the canon and its development in history. In his argument, Michael J. Kruger basically refers to a number of literary sources, but he hardly ever uses verses from the Bible to prove his point. Nevertheless, the book is very explanatory and logical and develops in readers a completely new understanding of the canon and the church, especially the Roman Catholic Church.
Bibliography
Kruger, Michael. Canon Revisited: Establishing the Origins and Authority of the New Testament
Books. Wheaton, IL: Crossway, 2012.
Metzger, B. (1997). The Canon of the New Testament: Its Origin, Development, and Significance. New York.
Roles of the Catholic Church in Western civilization has been scrambled with the times past and development of Western society. Regardless of the fact that the West is no longer entirely Catholic, the Catholic tradition is still strong in Western countries. The church has been a very important foundation of public facilities like schooling, Western art, culture and philosophy; and influential player in religion. In many ways it has wanted to have an impact on Western approaches to pros and cons in numerous areas. It has over many periods of time, spread the teachings of Jesus within the Western World and remains a foundation of continuousness connecting recent Western culture to old Western culture.-
The western canon suffers from a disservice in that it is greatly homogeneous. That is most of the authors are dead, white western European men, and the literature reflects, almost, solely western beliefs. By lacking multiculturalism our students are denied a significant amount of insight into other cultures of the world. This among many other attributes of our culture can generate stigma towards outsides and develop xenophobia. Some are against multiculturalism as they view these books and their lessons to be a significant part of American culture (Cope and Kalantzis 285). But this injection into the cannon is inevitable, Kayhan Irani aspires for a global canon which envelops other cultures of the world though, this will require hard work ("THE BIG QUESTION: Is There a Global Canon?" 4). Embracing multiculturalism by developing our canon could deter ignorance among students and improve our culture for the better. The wester canon is far too homogenous, as a result this closes off our students from other cultures which can be of great benefit and interests to them. While acts of the hegemony of the United States would prefer to keep it in its current state for the sake of cultural tradition all the
Classically, the literary canon has been exclusive to certain types of authors, while excluding female, South American, African, Asian, gay, Native American, and other non-white male groups. Also, due to cultural and moral values of certain time periods, some works weren't considered that possibly would today. Basically the literary canon is at best an incomplete list of remarkable literature, making it somewhat less valuable than it could be. The element that makes the literary canon useful is the same element that makes every other example of good writing useful: it exposes the reader to different styles, themes, techniques, and verbiage, thus enlarging the reader's literary
The New Oxford Annotated Bible: New Revised Standard Version with the Apocrypha. Eds. Michael D. Coogan, et al. 3rd Ed. New York: Oxford University Press, 2001.
Church History in Plain Language is written by Bruce L. Shelley. This work focuses on the history of Christianity from 6 B.C. to the current period. It covers some of Christianity’s greatest events, theologians, and the various subsection of Christianity. Other than the events leading up to the death of Jesus, I had very little knowledge of Christianity’s history. After reading through the book, I have gained understanding on the Christian Councils, scholasticism, Christendom, and modern trends of Christianity.
New International Commentary on the New Testament. Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 1997. Osborne, Grant R. Revelation. Baker Exegetical Commentary on the New Testament. Grand Rapids, MI: Baker Academic, 2002.
Bromiley, Geoffrey William, Fredrich, Gerhard, Kittel, Gerhard. “Theological Dictionary of the New Testament.” Struttgart, Germany. W. Kohlhammer Verlag. 1995. Print.
The Catholic Encyclopedia. New York: Robert Appleton Company. Retrieved February 21, 2010 from New Advent: http://www.newadvent.org
After The Canon leaves the pilgrimage, The Canon's Yeoman also tells the other Pilgrims about alchemy and how it has ruined his life and would inevitably ruin anyones life who attempts it. Alchemy puts everyone who attempts it in debt because it takes a lot of money to try to turn basic metals into gold and silver. This kinda free and wild thinking is definitely a rare especially from a yeoman. A Yeoman is practically a servant and for a servant to speak out against his master and his masters work is unheard of. This free and wild thinking is an amazing way to express Chaucer's creativity and points of view, through a somewhat vengeful and angry character.
The author discusses the use of the literature canon. He explains the history behind the American literature canon. For instance, the American canon was not fully expressed until 1890-1900s, when the first American literature classes were introduced. The American literature canon is influenced by England. Also, he uses quotes of different scholars about their own opinion on the literature canon. I think that this is reliable source because it has opinions of scholars, in which I can use as examples or reference.
For centuries now Christians have claimed to possess the special revelation of an omnipotent, loving Deity who is sovereign over all of His creation. This special revelation is in written form and is what has come to be known as The Bible which consists of two books. The first book is the Hebrew Scriptures, written by prophets in a time that was before Christ, and the second book is the New Testament, which was written by Apostles and disciples of the risen Lord after His ascension. It is well documented that Christians in the context of the early first century were used to viewing a set of writings as being not only authoritative, but divinely inspired. The fact that there were certain books out in the public that were written by followers of Jesus and recognized as being just as authoritative as the Hebrew Scriptures was never under debate. The disagreement between some groups of Christians and Gnostics centered on which exact group of books were divinely inspired and which were not. The debate also took place over the way we can know for sure what God would have us include in a book of divinely inspired writings. This ultimately led to the formation of the Biblical canon in the next centuries. Some may ask, “Isn’t Jesus really the only thing that we can and should call God’s Word?” and “Isn’t the Bible just a man made collection of writings all centered on the same thing, Jesus Christ?” This paper summarizes some of the evidences for the Old and New Testament canon’s accuracy in choosing God breathed, authoritative writings and then reflects on the wide ranging
It was deemed that the books of the New Testament that are authentically apostolic in nature were included in the Bible. This strict appraisal process used by the church fathers to determine the legitimacy of certain books in the bible is the reason why scripture, once it becomes part of church canon it is incorruptible. Furthermore, because tradition stems from scriptural interpretation that it can be corruptible as it relies on the judgment of human beings, whose interpretations may be driven by internal
The Hebrew Bible is studied, analyzed, and worshiped by millions each day, it gives insight into the teachings and laws of God. The article “Pentateuch”, obtained from The Zondervan Pictoral Encyclopedia of the Bible by Merrill C. Tenney, deeply examines the authorship of the Pentateuch and displays two compelling arguments of weather the Pentateuch is of Mosaic authorship, or written by authors other than Moses. The Pentateuch is the bases of the entire Bible, it contains the first five books, including Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, and Deuteronomy, thus the literal meaning of “five volumes”. Theses five books make up the Old Testament and are roadmap to God’s teachings.
Turner, William. (March 1, 1907) The Catholic Encyclopedia, Volume I, online edition. Retrieved February 2, 2002 from the World Wide Web: http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/01713a.htm