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Brief essay on black holes
Research on black holes
Brief essay on black holes
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Introduction Black holes are incredible processes that happen in space that are capable of crushing anything unlucky enough cross paths with them. Black holes have caught the attention of millions of people around the world because of their incredible strength and the fact that so much is unknown about them. The theories of possible outcomes resulting in traveling into a black hole has been used in many science fiction stories, but what we think is science fiction could actually exist. With black holes being out of our reach, and even difficult for our greatest minds to understand, what happens within them may just stay science fiction. The more we learn about black holes the more questions we ask. Wormholes are another spectacle of the universe that are thought to be found within black holes, but they are merely a theory and may or may not exist. Wormholes could be the way we could finally achieve many things that have been highly sought out for years. One of the many advances that could come from wormholes is that they have the potential of us finally being able to accomplish time travel, leaving us to wonder what we could do if wormholes truly exist. Black holes and wormholes are surrounded by mystery, but what are they really capable of? They are but one of the many Marlow 2 astounding wonders of the galaxy, but we may never find the answers that we’re looking for. The birth and structure of black holes Because one of the requirements for a black hole is a dense mass, it is only natural that they come from the death of a star. Stars go through a process called nuclear fusion that is what causes energy to be produced which results in light. The process of nuclear fusion uses hydrogen as fuel to keep the stars f... ... middle of paper ... ... The Edge of Infinity: Supermassive Black Holes in the Universe. Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 2003. Print. Hawking, Stephen. Hawking on the Big Bang and Black Holes. Singapore: World Scientific, 1993. Print. Scharr, Jillian. "Wormhole Is Best Bet for Time Machine.” LiveScience.com. Livescience, 25 Aug. 2013. Web. 30 Nov. 2013 Ravi, Vikram, and Ryan Shannon. "When Galaxies Collide: The Growth of Supermassive Black Holes (Op-Ed)." LiveScience.com. Livescience, 18 Oct. 2013. Web. 30 Nov. 2013. Begelman, Mitchell C., and Martin J. Rees. Gravity's Fatal Attraction: Black Holes in the Universe. New York: Scientific American Library, 1996. Print. Frolov, Valeri P., and Andrei Zelnikov. Introduction to Black Hole Physics. Oxford: Oxford UP, USA, 2011. Print. Anderson, David L. "Wormhole Time Travel." Wormhole Time Travel. Anderson Multinational LLC, n.d. Web. 08 Dec. 2013.
The origins of the super-massive black holes which concludes how they were formed and what caused them to form is an unsolved problem which is yet a mystery of astrophysics. ( Millis 2014)
Geologist John Mitchell is credited with first devising the idea of a black hole. He said that if some force could compress the sun down to an small enough size, it would have a gravitational field so strong, that one would need to be going faster than the speed of light to escape it (UTFC). All objects in the universe have what is called a schwarzschild radius. An object’s schwarzschild radius is the radius that an object would have to be compressed into in order to have an escape velocity greater than that of the speed of light, or a black hole. (VSBH).
Summerville, Bruce D. "The Time Machine: A Chronological and Scientific Revision."Literature Resources from Gale. Gale, n.d. Web
Starting with black holes, Khalili describes the creation of one. I found that a black hole is what remains when a massive star dies. Because stars are so massive and made out of gas, there is an intense gravitational field that is always trying to collapse the star. As the star dies, the nuclear fusion reactions stop because the fuel for these reactions gets burned up. At the same time, the star's gravity pulls material inward and compresses the core. As the core compresses, it heats up and eventually creates a supernova explosion in which the material and radiation blasts out into space. What remains is the highly compressed and extremely massive core. The core's gravity is so strong that even light cannot escape. This object is now a black hole and literally cannot be seen because of the absence of light. Because the core's gravity is so strong, the core sinks through the fabric of space-time, creating a hole in space-time. The core becomes the central part of the black hole called the singularity. The opening of the hole is called the event horizon. Khalili describes that there are two different kinds of black holes:
Bell, James J. "Exploring the ‘Singularity’." Evolving Ideas. 2013-2014 ed. Plymouth: Hayden McNeil, 2013. 51-58. Print.
The idea of Black Holes was first proposed in the 1700s by scientists John Michell and Pierre-Simon Laplace, who argued, independant of each other, that there might be objects in the universe with such a large gravitational force, that even light could be trapped. Published in 1916 Einstein’s theory of general relativity which included how gravity does affect light’s motion, gave way to scientific discoveries involving black holes. In Einstein’s own theory, he was only able to approximate the solutions to some of his own equations, however Karl Schwarzschild was able to provide the solutions. These solutions described objects like black holes that had such massive density that nothing could escape them. Schwarzschild theorized that if an object had such a small radius, that the escape velocity will be greater than the speed of light. Because as previously mentioned, nothing is faster than the speed of light, the object would be sucked into itself by it’s own gravitational pull, which would cause the object to disappear. What r...
Although Dr. Hawking impacts many areas of science and cosmology, his work with black holes has revolutionized modern physics. He works in all areas of black holes, including how they work, singularities, and most importantly, Hawking radiation. Black holes are very simpl...
Hawking, Stephen. “Our Picture of the Universe.” Fields of Reading. 6th ed. Ed. Nancy R. Comely et al. New York: St. Martin’s, 2001. (565-574)
Just recently a major discovery was found with the help of a device known as The Hubble Telescope. This telescope has just recently found what many astronomers believe to be a black hole, After being focuses on a star orbiting empty space. Several pictures of various radiation fluctuations and other diverse types of readings that could be read from that area which the black hole is suspected to be in.
Physically using a black hole for our advantage, saying that if it were ever possible, then it could be something that would change our everyday lives. Discovering this potential will be our greatest defyi...
Hawking, G, 1973, Astronomical Alignments in Britain, Egypt and Peru, Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series A, Mathematical and Physical Sciences, Vol. 276, No. 1257, pp. 157-167
Linde, Andrei, Dmitri Linde, and Arthur Mezhlumian. "From the Big Bang theory to the theory
Black holes are the result of the death of a massive star, leaving behind a dense remnant core that eventually collapses to create a gravitational force so strong that nothing, including light, can escape the force. The theory that black holes existed started back in the early 1900s and since then astronomers and scientists have been trying to get a better understanding of them. This phenomenon has been a working progress for astronomers and scientists for many years and as we develop a better understanding of our solar system, the more likely it is to make a significant discovery that can answer some of the most difficult questions about our incredible galaxy and solar system. The more information we are able to acquire about our universe, the more questions we might be able to answer about our existence. With advancements in technology we may be able to see some significant discoveries and insights into the world of black holes.
Although I was not doing an article on black holes, I decided to watch the following documentary, merely because it was related to the cosmos.